Relationship between Hemoglobin Level Variability and Effect of Repeated Blood Transfusion Therapeutic in Patients with Renal Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the variability of hemoglobin (HB) level in patients with renal anemia, and to analyze its relationship with effect of repeated blood transfusion therapeutic in patients.@*METHODS@#A retrospective cohort study and propensity score matching method were used, 60 patients with renal anemia who had effective treatment with repeated blood transfusion in Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and set as the effective group; 153 patients with renal anemia who had ineffective treatment with repeated blood transfusion in the hospital in the same period were collected and set as the ineffective group, the propensity score matching method was used, the patients who were effective and ineffective in repeated blood transfusion were matched 1∶1 for analysis; the medical records and laboratory indexes of the two groups were checked; the Hb level of patients within 6 months (1/month) were recorded, the residual standard deviation (Res-SD) of Hb of patients was calculated according to the Hb level and evaluated the variability of Hb level; the relationship between HB variability level and therapeutic effect of repeated blood transfusion in patients with renal anemia was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#After propensity score matching, there was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in terms of baseline data such as age, sex, dialysis age and BMI (P>0.05). The levels of serum albumin and transferrin of patients in the ineffective group were significantly lower than those of patients in the effective group (P<0.05); at 1 and 2 months of the observation period, there was no statistical significant difference in Hb levels of patients in both groups (P>0.05); the Hb level of patients in the ineffective group was significantly lower than that of patients in the effective group at 3, 5 and 6 months, and significantly higher than that of patients in the effective group at 4 months (P<0.05); the Res-SD of male patients and female patients in the ineffective group were respectively significantly higher than that of male patients and female patients in the effective group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that high variability of Hb level (Res-SD) was a risk factor for the ineffective treatment of repeated blood transfusion in patients with renal anemia (OR>1, P<0.05); the decision curve results showed that, when the high-risk threshold was 0.0-1.0, Res-SD predicted the net benefit rates of male and female patients with renal anemia were greater than 0, which was clinically significant, the smaller the high-risk threshold in the above range, the greater the net benefit rate.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect of repeated blood transfusion in patients with renal anemia may be related to the variability of Hb level.

Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis snails in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020, to provide insights into precision control of O. hupensis snails in Anhui Province.@*METHODS@#O. hupensis snail distribution data were collected in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020 and descriptively analyzed, including actual area of snail habitats, area of emerging snail habitats and area of Schistosoma japonicum-infected snails. The actual area of snail habitats and area of emerging snail habitats were subjected to spatial autocorrelation analysis, hotspot analysis, standard deviation ellipse analysis and space-time scanning analysis, and the clusters of snail distribution and settings at high risk of snail spread were identified in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020.@*RESULTS@#The actual area of snail habitats gradually decreased in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020. The actual area of snail habitats were 26 238.85 hm2 in Anhui Province in 2020, which were mainly distributed in marshland and lake regions. There was a large fluctuation in the area of emerging snail habitats in Anhui Province during the period from 2011 to 2020, with the largest area seen in 2016 (1 287.65 hm2), and 1.96 hm2 emerging infected snail habitats were detected in Guichi District, Chizhou City in 2020. Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analyses showed spatial clusters in the distribution of actual areas of snail habitats in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020 (Z = 3.00 to 3.43, all P values < 0.01), and the hotspots were mainly concentrated in the marshland and lake regions and distributed along the south side of the Yangtze River, while the cold spots were mainly concentrated in the mountainous regions of southern Anhui Province. There were no overall spatial clusters in the distribution of areas of emerging snail habitats (Z = -2.20 to 1.71, all P values > 0.05), and a scattered distribution was found in local regions. Standard deviation ellipse analysis showed relatively stable distributions of the actual areas of snail habitats in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020, which was consistent with the flow direction of the Yangtze River, and the focus of the distribution of areas of emerging snail habitats shifted from the lower reaches to upper reaches of Anhui section of the Yangtze River. Space-time scanning analysis identified two high-value clusters in the distribution of actual areas of snail habitats in lower and middle reaches of Anhui section of the Yangtze River from 2011 to 2020, and two high-value clusters in the distribution of areas of emerging snail habitats were identified in mountainous and hilly regions.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There were spatial clusters in the distribution of O. hupensis snails in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020, which appeared a tendency of aggregation towards the south side and upper reaches of the Yangtze River; however, the spread of O. hupensis snails could not be neglected in mountainous and hilly regions. Monitoring of emerging snail habitats should be reinforced in mountainous and hilly regions and along the Yangtze River basin.

Effect of thyroxine on initial catch-up growth in children with hypothyroidism

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrinal cause of growth retardation in children. Following adequate treatment with thyroxine, growth resumes at an accelerated rate which is known as catch-up growth. There are few observational studies from India on the growth parameters following treatment with thyroxine in children with hypothyroidism.Methods: A retrospective study was done in children aged 2-10 years who were newly diagnosed cases of primary hypothyroidism [Total serum Thyroxine (T4) levels <5 'g/dl and serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels ?15 'U/ml] and treated with oral thyroxine to attain euthyroid state. Height measured before starting treatment and at the time of follow up visits was noted, the Height Standard Deviation Scores (HSDS) were calculated. The effect of thyroxine on linear growth was studied.Results: There were 23 children who were diagnosed as having primary hypothyroidism of whom 16(69.6%) were females and 7(30.4%) were males. The mean age of the children studied was 7.3'2.3 years. The mean dose of thyroxine required to maintain euthyroid status was 4.6'2.2 'g/kg/day. Mean duration of follow up was 13.7'2.4 months. The initial HSDS was - 2.31'0.9 which improved to a final value of - 1.7'0.76 (?HSDS0.61, p value <0.0001). Mean height velocity was 8.1 cms/year.Conclusions: Following adequate thyroxine replacement therapy catch-up growth occurs and increased growth velocity leads to partial regain of height deficit in the first couple of years of treatment.

Estimation of Stature from Ring Finger Length in Haryanavi Population: An Anthropometric Study

Introduction: Stature helps to determine a person’s identity. In dead and mutilated bodies, height can be estimated from body parameters using a regression equation or multiplication factor.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to find the multiplication factor between percutaneous ring finger length (RFL) and stature in the Haryana region, for which 145 medical students (80 males and 65 females) of Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, were measured. The correlation coefficient between height and RFL was found to be positive.Results: Stature can be accurately estimated from RFL using simple regression equation or multiplication factor. The regression equation determined for male was Height = 1.798 × RFL + 158.6 and for female was Height = 0.919 × RFL + 152.3.Conclusions: Our study has a great importance to estimate stature from RFL among Haryana region from the anatomical and medicolegal point of view.

Clinical Utility of Extended Monocytes Parameters as a Screening Tool in Suspected Dengue Infection

@# Increased monocyte percentage and monocyte anisocytosis were suggested as new markers for dengue fever detection. This study aims to investigate and evaluate monocyte volume standard deviation (MoV-SD) and monocyte percentage (Mono %) parameters using Coulter automated haematology analyser as screening parameters in discriminating between dengue infection and other febrile illness. Methods: A cross-sectional laboratory analysis using suspected dengue fever patients were included in this study. The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Hospital Tuanku Jaafar Seremban from June 2016 until June 2017. Patients were classified into dengue positive and dengue negative based on dengue IgM and NS1 result. The diagnostic performance of MoV-SD and Mono % was analysed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The cut-off value of the MoV-SD and Mono % was determined and evaluated with the validation group. Chi-square test was used to assess the association between the parameters. Results: 88 (48.4%) from 182 samples were confirmed to have dengue infection. ROC curve analysis showed Mono % at cut off value of 10.5 % with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.869 with 84.1% sensitivity and 84% specificity (95% CI: 0.812-0.925) and MoV-SD cut off value at 22.2 (AUC 0.776, 80.7% sensitivity, 61.7% specificity, 95% CI: 0.709-0.843) are an excellent parameters in separating dengue positive and dengue-negative patients. A cut-off value of 10.5 of Mono % and 22.2 of MoV-SD were applied to the validation group showed 83.1%, 66.4% sensitivity and 84.9%, 77.3% specificity respectively. Conclusion: MoV-SD and Mono % parameters are a potential parameter for the screening of dengue infection in acute febrile illness patients with good specificity and sensitivity. Keywords:

Effect of Geometry Variation on the Mechanical Behavior of the Proximal Femur

The mechanical behavior of a proximal femur under a normal body weight loading was examined. The geometry of the proximal femur was created in a finite element model using 29 reference points measured on the CT scan images of a patient. Four additional sets of measurements were calculated using ±(1) and ±(2) the standard deviation of the original set and the result of models was compared. The stress distribution and the locations of critical normal and shearstress, as well as the effect of the femur geometry which may be most susceptible to failure were examined. The findings of this study demonstrate an inferior distribution of stress in the plus-standard deviation models and indicate less ability to bear weight. The minus-standard deviation models appear to be better suited to bearing weight and indicate a more even distribution of the stresses generated within the proximal femur.

Correlation Between Tsh And Body Mass Index In Male And Female Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a syndrome resulting from thyroid hormone deficiency or rarely inefficacy. It is a common endocrinological problem affecting especially women and the elderly. Thyroid hormones play an important role in synthesis, metabolism and mobilization of lipids. One of the most important symptoms of hypothyroidism is weight gain or inability to lose weight. The rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity in the past 20 to 30 years emphasizes the important role of lifestyle and environmental factors, because genetic changes could not have occurred so rapidly. Obesity is a complicated process that depends on signals of satiety and hunger, genetics, endocrine abnormalities, and other factors. Our study purposes to investigate the relationship between BMI and thyroid function in patients of subclinical hypothyroidism. Objective of this study is to correlate thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) and body mass index (BMI) in male and female patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. This cross sectional study included 42 Subclinical hypothyroid patients, both males and females between 20-45 years of age and without a history of alcohol or tobacco consumption, history of any cardiovascular disorders or diabetes mellitus and any drug history like corticosteroids, beta blockers. and TSH test estimated by VITROS 5600 integrated analyzer and correlated with body mass index. The results showed a positive Correlation analysis in subclinical Hypothyroid males between BMI and TSH, (r= 0.47), which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.02*) in case of subclinical Hypothyroid females the results indicated positive correlation between BMI and TSH (r= 0.58) which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.005*). A strong positive correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH).

Preliminary comparative analysis of epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jingzhou City in different periods from 2009 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the changes of the characteristics of Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Jingzhou City in different periods.@*Methods@#According to the HFRS epidemic data of Jingzhou City in 2009-2018, based on the incidence rate, the HFRS epidemic situation in Jingzhou City was divided into three periods: 2009-2012 (low), 2013-2016 (middle), and 2017-2018 (high). Descriptive epidemiological methods, standard deviation ellipse and spatio-temporal scanning analysis were used to analyze the time, region, population distribution and temporal and spatial trends of HFRS epidemic in the three periods.@*Results@#The incidence of HFRS in Jingzhou City in the three periods was seasonal and bimodal. The peak incidence included spring and summer peaks (May-July) and autumn-winter peaks (January, November-December). The HFRS cases in Jingzhou City were concentrated in Jianli County, Jiangling County and Honghu City in the three periods. The incidence rates were 0.48/100 000, 1.98/100 000, 0.84/100 000, 0.89/100 000, 1.88/100 000, 1.20/100 000; 4.82/100 000, 13.37/100 000, and 4.58/100 000. The incidence of HFRS in males was higher than that in females in the three periods (χ2=43.38, P < 0.05); the occupations of HFRS in the three periods were mainly farmers, which were 56.26%(69/122), 69.61% (126/181), 74.94% (293/391), respectively. In 116 farmers, growing rice [48.28% (56/116)] and shrimp rice [27.59% (32/116)] were mostly. From the age point of view, the incidence rate in 2009-2017 was 55 to 64 years old; the incidence rate of 2018 was 60 to 69 years old. The results of standard deviation ellipse analysis showed that the expansion trend of HFRS epidemic areas in Jingzhou City was not obvious, and the center of gravity was located in Jianli County or Jiangling County. Spatio-temporal scans revealed that the first-class spatial-temporal clustering areas in the three periods were 2 towns and villages in Jiangling County, and the gathering time was from December 7, 2010 to January 2, 2011; in some townships in Jiangling County and Shacheng District, the gathering time was from December 7, 2016 to February 28, 2017; some townships in Jiangling County and surrounding counties, gathered from April 27, 2018 to July 16, 2018.@*Conclusions@#The HFRS epidemic season in Jingzhou City in different periods is basically the same; the high-incidence areas are basically the same, but there are local fluctuations; the population is mainly male farmers, and the age of high-incidence has shifted back. We should adapt to local conditions and formulate scientific and reasonable comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Preliminary comparative analysis of epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jingzhou City in different periods from 2009 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To analyze the changes of the characteristics of Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Jingzhou City in different periods. Methods According to the HFRS epidemic data of Jingzhou City in 2009 - 2018, based on the incidence rate, the HFRS epidemic situation in Jingzhou City was divided into three periods: 2009 - 2012 (low), 2013 - 2016 (middle), and 2017 - 2018 (high). Descriptive epidemiological methods, standard deviation ellipse and spatio-temporal scanning analysis were used to analyze the time, region, population distribution and temporal and spatial trends of HFRS epidemic in the three periods. Results The incidence of HFRS in Jingzhou City in the three periods was seasonal and bimodal. The peak incidence included spring and summer peaks (May - July) and autumn-winter peaks (January, November - December). The HFRS cases in Jingzhou City were concentrated in Jianli County, Jiangling County and Honghu City in the three periods. The incidence rates were 0.48/100000, 1.98/100000, 0.84/100000, 0.89/100000, 1.88/100000, 1.20/100000; 4.82/100000, 13.37/100000, and 4.58/100000. The incidence of HFRS in males was higher than that in females in the three periods (χ2 = 43.38, P < 0.05); the occupations of HFRS in the three periods were mainly farmers, which were 56.26％(69/122), 69.61％ (126/181), 74.94％ (293/391), respectively. In 116 farmers, growing rice [48.28％ (56/116)] and shrimp rice [27.59％ (32/116)] were mostly. From the age point of view, the incidence rate in 2009 - 2017 was 55 to 64 years old; the incidence rate of 2018 was 60 to 69 years old. The results of standard deviation ellipse analysis showed that the expansion trend of HFRS epidemic areas in Jingzhou City was not obvious, and the center of gravity was located in Jianli County or Jiangling County. Spatio-temporal scans revealed that the first-class spatial-temporal clustering areas in the three periods were 2 towns and villages in Jiangling County, and the gathering time was from December 7, 2010 to January 2, 2011; in some townships in Jiangling County and Shacheng District, the gathering time was from December 7, 2016 to February 28, 2017; some townships in Jiangling County and surrounding counties, gathered from April 27, 2018 to July 16, 2018. Conclusions The HFRS epidemic season in Jingzhou City in different periods is basically the same; the high -incidence areas are basically the same, but there are local fluctuations; the population is mainly male farmers, and the age of high-incidence has shifted back. We should adapt to local conditions and formulate scientific and reasonable comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness in congenital cataract patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To assess corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness in congenital cataract patients, which contributes to studying the characteristics and mechanism of the disease.<p>METHODS: From August 2014 to December 2018, 141 patients diagnosed with congenital cataract before surgery in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Their endothelial cell density(ECD), average size(AVE), standard deviation of size(SD), coefficient of variation(CV), Hexagonality(Hex)and central corneal thickness(CCT)were measured with non-contact specular microscope. The data were statistically analyzed using partial correlation analysis to detect the correlation among patients' ECD, AVE, SD, CV, Hex, CCT and age, and we conducted curve fitting with multiple stepwise regression. We compared male and female patients', bilateral and unilateral cataract's parameters above by covariance analysis.<p>RESULTS: The correlation between patients' ECD, AVE, SD and age was significant, and the fitting curve was obtained with equation ECD=3957.33-306.62×ln(age)、AVE=178.77+27.39×ln(age)and SD=77.13×e0.013×age respectively. CV was significantly greater in female patients than that in male patients(<i>P</i>=0.044). SD and CV was significantly greater in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in affected eyes(<i>P</i>=0.037, <i>P</i>=0.028 respectively)and healthy eyes(<i>P</i>=0.007, <i>P</i>=0.003 respectively)from unilateral cataract, Hex was significantly less in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in affected eyes(<i>P</i>=0.006)and healthy eyes(<i>P</i>=0.009)from unilateral cataract, CCT was significantly greater in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in healthy eyes(<i>P</i>=0.041)from unilateral cataract.<p>CONCLUSION: Congenital cataract may affect corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness, especially SD, CV, Hex and CCT. Patients' ECD, AVE and SD changes with age. Female patients may have greater CV than male patients.

A Study Of Correlation Of Transverse Cerebellar Diameter With Gestational Age In The Normal Fetuses

Introduction. Transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) measurement is very accurate in assessment of gestational age especially in cases where the LMPs are not exactly known. Normally value of the transverse cerebellar diameter in mm is considered roughly equivalent to the gestational age in week (particularly between the 14-20 weeks of gestation). It is of utmost importance to identify the fetal growth restriction during the antenatal period because it involves perinatal mortality and morbidity. TCD is a useful parameter for assessing fetal growth retardation. The purpose of my study is to evaluate the accurate measurement of transverse cerebellar diameter as against the conventional parameters in assessment of gestational age in normal pregnant women between 16 to 38 weeks. Material and Methods:It was a prospective cross-sectional study and All data were collected from 100 antenatal women of gestational age 16-40 weeks referred to Department of Radio diagnosis, Father Muller Medical College and Hospital for routine antenatal scans from May 2018 to October 2018 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In this study 100 cases were studied. Age distribution of normal pregnancies was ranged from: 18 to 35 years. 63 cases were multigravida and 37 were primigravida. In 95 cases the estimated gestational age predicted by measuring BPD, HC, AC and FL was also closely correlated with gestational age estimated from transverse cerebellar diameter measurements with a p value of 0.001. In 5 cases it was poorly correlating. We found good curvilinear relationship between the TCD and gestational age (R2=0.956) and (P=0.00012). Conclusion: So our study shows that the TCD in the estimation of gestational age is consistently correlating with gestational age.

Estatística descritiva: perguntas que você sempre quis fazer, mas nunca teve coragem / Descriptive statistics: questions you have always wanted to ask, but never had the courage to

A revista do HCPA (Clinical & Biomedical Research) está reabrindo a seção de Bioestatística com o intuito de apresentar artigos explicativos, conceituais ou tutoriais, de modo a elucidar os leitores sobre os mais diversos temas estatísticos. Neste contexto, este artigo será o primeiro de uma série que tem como objetivo responder algumas das questões mais levantadas por pesquisadores da área da saúde. Começando pela Estatística Descritiva, alguns conceitos são esclarecidos e diversas referências são indicadas para o estudo do tema e para análises em SPSS ou R-project. (AU)

The HCPA journal (Clinical & Biomedical Research) is reopening its Biostatistics section with the aim of presenting readers with explanatory, conceptual or tutorial articles on a wide range of statistical topics. In this context, this is the first in a series of articles seeking to answer some of the questions raised by health researchers. Starting with descriptive statistics, some concepts are introduced and several references are indicated for those interested in studying the topic and performing analyses in SPSS or R-project. (AU)

Rapid Judgement of Blending Endpoint of Jingqi Shuangshen Capsules and Content Determination of Astragaloside Ⅳ by AOTF-NIR / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for rapid judgement of blending endpoint of Jingqi shuangshen capsules and content determination of astragaloside Ⅳ. METHODS:AOTF-NIR combined with principal component analysis and Moving Block Standard Deviation method was used to identify the blending endpoint. First derivative combined with savitzky-golay filter method were used to spectrum pretreatment. The partial least square method was used to establish quantitative analysis model of the content of astragaloside Ⅳin mixed endpoint sample. The content of astragaloside Ⅳ in mixed endpoint sample was determined by HPLC-ELSD to validate the model. RESULTS:Methodology validation of content determination of astragaloside Ⅳ in mixed material sample and mixed endpoint sample was in line with the requirements. NIR monitoring results showed that the product reached the blending endpoint after 30 min. The results of NIR monitoring were generally consistent with the results of HPLC-ELSD. The principal component dimension of the quantitative model was 9;determination coefficients was 0.954 9;Root Mean Square of Calibration of the model was 0.039 2;Root Mean Square Error of Prediction of the model was 0.042 6. Predicted average value of astragaloside Ⅳ by NIR was 11.74 mg/g,and measured average value of astragaloside Ⅳ by HPLC-ELSD was 11.38 mg/g;average deviation was 3.16%. CONCLUSIONS:AOTF-NIR can rapidly judge the blending endpoint sample of Jingqi shuangshen capsules,rapidly determine the content of astragalosideⅣin mixed endpoint material,improve the quality control level of blending process and shorten blending cycle.

Development of an LCD-Based Visual Field System

BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the diagnostic effectiveness of an LCD-based visual field testing system (LVF) in comparison with the standard automated perimetry Humphrey Field Analyzer II-750i (HFA). METHODS: A randomized controlled crossover study was conducted with 202 normal and 128 glaucomatous eyes using both LVF and HFA. The visual field testing systems were compared in terms of mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of MD and PSD differentiating the normal and glaucomatous eyes. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between MD measurements from LVF and those from HFA for normal eyes (r = 0.342) and glaucomatous eyes (r = 0.796); slightly higher significant correlations were identified between PSD measurements from LVF and those from HFA for normal eyes (r = 0.363) and glaucomatous eyes (r = 0.828). Furthermore, high AUCs of MD were found as 0.786 for LVF and 0.868 for HFA and AUCs of PSD as 0.913 for LVF and 0.932 for HFA. CONCLUSION: The comparison results of the present study support the competence of LVF compared with HFA in visual field testing for early detection of glaucoma.

Experimental research on parameters of red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced preserved in navy ship force / 军事医学

Objective To study the changes in red blood cells(RBCs),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),RBC distribution width variation coefficient(RDW-CV)and RBC distribution width standard deviation(RDW-SD)of leukocyte-poor red blood cells preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced were randomly collected from ten healthy voluntary blood donors one day before sailing.Each blood sample was preserved.The relevant parameters were detected as data before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and the other in control group.Samples were taken from the two groups of leukocyte-poor red blood cells for the sampling detection after 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①After sailing, the concentrations of RBCs and Hb declined in both groups,and the difference of RBC concentrations was not significant(P=0.319),but that of the concentrations of Hb was significant(P=0.002).②After sailing, the concentrations of HCT and MCV increased, but the change of HCT was significant(P=0.015),while that of MCV was insignificant(P=0.051).③After sailing,the concentrations of RDW-SD and RDW-CV were higher,but the change of RDW-SD was significant(P<0.001),while that of RDW-CV was not(P=0.528).Conclusion When leukocyte-poor red blood cells are preserved in navy ship force,the concentrations of RBC and Hb decrease,while the concentrations of HCT,MCV,RDW-SD and RDW-CV increase with the prolongation of preservation.A long voyage has some impact on the parameters of red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as is the case with the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.

Independent Relationship between Body Mass Index and LH Peak Value of GnRH Stimulation Test in ICPP Girls: A Cross-sectional Study / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The effect of obesity on idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) girls is still under discussion.The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sexual hormone levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test in ICPP girls is controversial and the underlying mechanism is unclear.This study aims to further explore the independent effect of excess adiposity on peak luteinizing hormone (LH) level of stimulation test in ICPP girls and the role of other related factors.A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 618 girls diagnosed as having ICPP,including 355 cases of normal weight,99 cases of overweight and 164 cases of obese.The results showed that obese group had more progressed Tanner stage and no significant difference (P=0.28) in LH peak was found as basal LH value was used as a covariate.The obese group had higher total testosterone (TT),adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH),17-α hydroxyprogesterone (17-αOHP) and androstendione (AN),with significantly increased fasting insulin (FIN) and homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR).Stratified analysis showed inconsistency of the relationship between BMI-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and LH peak in different Tanner stages (P for interaction=0.017).Further smoothing plot showed linear and non-linear relationship between BMI-SDS and LH peak in three Tanner stages.Then linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between BMI-SDS and LH peak in different Tanner stages,with and without different confounding factors being adjusted.In B2 stage,BMI-SDS was negatively associated with LH peak.In B3 stage,when BMI-SDS ＜1.5,as BMI-SDS increased,the level of LH peak decreased (model Ⅰ:β=-1.8,95％ CI=-4.7 to 1.1,P=0.214).When BMI-SDS ≥1.5,BMI-SDS was significantly positively associated with LH peak (model Ⅰ:β=4.5,95％ CI=1.7 to 7.4,P=0.002).In B4 stage,when BMI-SDS ＜1.5,BMI-SDS was negatively associated with LH peak (model Ⅰ:β=-11.6,95％ CI=-22.7 to-4.5,P=0.049).When BMI-SDS ≥1.5,BMI-SDS was positively associated with LH peak (model Ⅰ:β=-4.2,95％ CI=-3.3 to 11.7,P=0.28).It is concluded that there is an independent correlation between BMI-SDS and LH peak of stimulation test in ICPP girls,their relationships are different in different Tanner stages,and the effect of BMI-SDS can be affected by adrenal androgens,estradiol and glucose metabolism parameters.

Online endpoint detection algorithm for blending process of Chinese materia medica / 中国中药杂志

Blending process, which is an essential part of the pharmaceutical preparation, has a direct influence on the homogeneity and stability of solid dosage forms. With the official release of Guidance for Industry PAT, online process analysis techniques have been more and more reported in the applications in blending process, but the research on endpoint detection algorithm is still in the initial stage. By progressively increasing the window size of moving block standard deviation (MBSD), a novel endpoint detection algorithm was proposed to extend the plain MBSD from off-line scenario to online scenario and used to determine the endpoint in the blending process of Chinese medicine dispensing granules. By online learning of window size tuning, the status changes of the materials in blending process were reflected in the calculation of standard deviation in a real-time manner. The proposed method was separately tested in the blending processes of dextrin and three other extracts of traditional Chinese medicine. All of the results have shown that as compared with traditional MBSD method, the window size changes according to the proposed MBSD method (progressively increasing the window size) could more clearly reflect the status changes of the materials in blending process, so it is suitable for online application.

Photoshop combined with Endoscopic Ultrasonography in grading invasive risk of gastric stromal tumors / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of Photoshop in grading invasive risk of gastric stromal tumors (GSTs). Methods EUS image of 97 cases of GSTs confirmed by pathological and immunohistochemical examination were collected. GSTs were divided into four groups (very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, high risk) by tumor size, mitotic count and rupture of tumor. Mean gray value (intensity of echo) and gray value standard deviation (uniformity of echo) of EUS images of the lesions were determined by Photoshop and then the differences of each group were found by statistical analysis. Results It is difficult to differentiate EUS images of GSTs from each group by visual observation. The mean gray value of EUS image of very low risk group,low risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group of GSTs respectively were (56.54 ± 6.10), (59.20 ± 7.51), (77.77 ± 10.90) and (83.43 ± 12.47). There was no significant difference between very low risk group and low risk group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between intermediate risk group and high risk group (P > 0.05). In addition, the others all had significantly different from that of each group (P 0.05). In addition, the others all had significantly different from that of each group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The higher risk of GSTs, the higher of echo intensity and the worse of echo uniformity under EUS. Photoshop combined with EUS is helpful for differentiating different risk of GSTs by analyzing mean gray value and gray value standard deviation of the lesions.

Changes in visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness after Ex - press glaucoma shunt implantation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe and analyze the change of visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of primary open-angle glaucoma ( POAG ) after the Ex-press glaucoma shunt implantation. ●METHODS:A total of 14 patients (24 eyes) with POAG were underwent Ex-press glaucoma shunt implantation. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure ( lOP ) , mean defect ( MD) , pattern standard deviation ( PSD ) , retinal nerve fiber layer thickness ( RNFLT ) , and corneal endothelial cell number were collected preoperatively. Visual acuity and lOP were collected in 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively respectively. Also, MD, PSD, RNFLT, and corneal endothelial cell number were collected preoperatively and 3mo postoperatively respectively. Complication, the additional treatment, success rate were analyzed. ●RESULTS:There was no significant difference (P>0. 05) in visual acuity preoperative and postoperative 1wk, 1, 3mo. Visual acuity did not significantly reduce after operation. Compared with preoperative, there was significant decreased (P 0. 05 ) after postoperative 3mo. Corneal endothelial cell number decrease had significant difference (Z=-2. 585, P=0. 01) between preoperative and postoperative 3mo. Success rate: complete success: 79. 2% ( 19 eyes ); partial success:8. 3% (2 eyes);failure:12. 5% (3 eyes). ●CONCLUSION: Ex-press glaucoma shunt implantation could efficiently decrease the lOP in POAG patients. Although it results in reduction of RNFLT in short time. The visual acuity and visual field keep stable after operation. lt is a safe and effective device for treating primary open-angle glaucoma.

Regularity Literature Review and Analysis of the Relative Correction Factor in Multi-components by Sin-gle Marker / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the regularity of relative correction factor (RCF) in multi-components by single marker (QAMS). METHODS:With the source of CNKI,literature retrieval was used to collect the relevant documents of multi-compo-nents by single marker (QAMS) and extract the calculated values by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker QAMS and measured values by external standard method (ESM),SPSS 19.0 software was used to calculate the percentage value (RSD,%) of relative standard deviation between calculated values and measured values,and the correlation between RSD and RCF was analyzed by drawing a scatter plot. RESULTS:Most of RCF values distributed in the range of >0.62-1.53,accounting for 76.7%to all data. Calculated values and measured values showed high similarity in this range and the RSD<3.0%data account-ed for 88.8% to all data,which had good credibility. Meanwhile,the similarity of calculated values and measured values was influ-enced by the differences of structure and physicochemical property of parent nucleus between other components under measured and internal references. The high degree of similarity between calculated values and measured values were decisive by very similar struc-tures of parent nucleus;the low degree was decisive by discrepant structures;and the low degree was also decisive by very similar structures and discrepant physicochemical property of parent nucleus. CONCLUSIONS:RCF will affect the credibility of content de-termination results for components under measured in QAMS,it is necessary to establish database of RCF,RSD and related param-eters.