Attraction factors for Paederus fuscipes ' dispersal, a vector of Paederus dermatitis towards human residential premises

ABSTRACT Paederus fuscipes, a vector of Paederus dermatitis in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world have a high prevalence in human dwellings due to their positively phototaxic behaviour which has caused a tremendous impact on human health. In this paper, P. fuscipes dispersal flights were studied for two seasons of the rice cultivation phases in residential premises built close to rice field areas (≈32-60 m and 164 m) in mainland Penang, Malaysia. We examined the effects of different light illuminance, building floor level and their association with rice stages as a focal cause of P. fuscipes dispersion from the rice fields towards human dwellings. The present study showed a significant interaction between different light illuminances and rice cultivation phases in attracting P. fuscipes to disperse and invade human dwellings. The highest number of P. fuscipes was captured near the bright light. P. fuscipes flights increased in line with each floor level, and the highest captures took place at higher building floor levels (levels 2 and 3) compared to lower building floor levels (ground floor and level 1) of a three storey apartment in both rice seasons. This finding not only conveys a better understanding on P. fuscipes dispersal pattern, but also draws public attention on the occurrence of dermatitis linearis caused by the Paederus beetles.

Survey of Bioluminescent Coleoptera in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Serra da Paranapiacaba in São Paulo State (Brazil) / Levantamento de Coleópteros bioluminescentes na Mata Atlântica da Serra da Paranapiacaba

Brazil is the country with the largest number of bioluminescent beetle species in the world. However, estimates suggest that this number could much be higher, since many species remain to be discovered. In this work we made a survey of the species of bioluminescent beetles in Serra de Paranapiacaba - the largest remnant of Atlantic Forest in São Paulo State. The survey was done at Intervales State Park, Carlos Botelho State Park and municipality of Tapiraí and the following species were collected: Aspisoma lineatum, Aspisoma physonotum, Aspisoma fenestrata, Cratomorphus besckey, Cratomorphus distinctus, Photinus penai, Photinus sp1, Photinus sp9, Ethra aff. malledicta or axilaris, Ethra aff. adicta , Lucidotini incertae sedis, Cladodes flabellicornis, Cladodes demoulini, Amydetes lucernuta, Bicellonycha sp8, Bicellonycha ornaticollis, Pyrogaster lunifer, Pyrogaster moestus, Pyrogaster sp2, Pyrogaster sp5, Pyrogaster sp6, Photuris lugubris, Photuris sp1, Photuris sp7, Stenophrixotrix sp1, Brasilocerus sp1, Pseudophengodes sp1, Hapsodrilus pyrotis, Hypsiophtalmus sp1, Ptesimopsia luculenta, Pyroptesis cincticollis, Pyrearinus brevicolis, Pyrearinus candelarius, Pyrearinus micatus, Pyrophorus divergens. Our data show that Serra de Paranapiacaba is the second richest area in São Paulo state, especially in elaterids, with unique species typical of this area and species common to other investigated sites such as the Biological Station of Boracéia (in Salesópolis county) and the urbanized areas in the between Campinas - Sorocaba- São Paulo, originally covered to the Atlantic Rainforest.

O Brasil é o país que possui o maior número de espécies de coleópteros bioluminescentes no mundo. Entretanto, estimativas sugerem que este número possa ser bem maior, dado que muitas espécies ainda não foram descritas. Neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento das espécies de coleópteros bioluminescentes em três localidades na Serra da Paranapiacaba - a maior área remanescente contígua de Mata Atlântica no país, com associação ao respectivo habitat. No Parque Estadual Intervales, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho e Tapiraí foram coletadas as seguintes espécies: (Lampyidae) Aspisoma lineatum, Aspisoma physonotum, Aspisoma fenestrata, Cratomorphus besckey, Cratomorphus distinctus, Photinus penai, Photinus sp1, Photinus sp9, Ethra aff. malledicta ou axilaris, Ethra aff. adicta, Lucidotini incertae sedis, Cladodes flabellicornis, Cladodes demoulini, Amydetes sp1, Bicellonycha sp8, Bicellonycha ornaticollis, Pyrogaster lunifer, Pyrogaster moestus, Pyrogaster sp2, Pyrogaster sp5, Pyrogaster sp6, Photuris lugubris, Photuris sp1, Photuris sp7; (Phengodidae) Stenophrixotrix sp1, Brasilocerus sp2, Pseudophengodes sp1; (Elateridae) Hapsodrilus pyrotis, Hypsiophtalmus sp1, Ptesimopsia luculenta, Pyroptesis cincticollis, Pyrearinus brevicolis, Pyrearinus candelarius, Pyrearinus micatus, Pyrophorus divergens. Estes dados mostram que esta constitui a segunda área mais rica em espécies luminescentes do Estado de São Paulo, depois da Est. Biológica de Boracéia, especialmente em elaterídeos, com espécies únicas características destas localidades e espécies comuns è outras áreas investigadas, como as da Estação Biológica de Boracéia (Salesópolis, SP) e áreas urbanizadas no triângulo Campinas - Sorocaba - São Paulo, originalmente cobertas por Mata Atlântica.

Dermatozoonosis inespecífico por coleótero: reporte de tres casos en la regiòn del Chaco Paraguayo / Nonspecific dermatozoonoses by beetle: three case reports in the Chaco Paraguayo region

Las dermatozoonosis son afecciones cutáneas o cutáneo-sistémicas causadas por animales. Se analizaron tres casos de dermatitis de contacto producidas por sustancias vesicantes presentes en las familias de insectos Staphylinidae y Meloidae en residentes de la región del Chaco Boreal. La dermatitis de contacto por Staphylinidae y Meloidae, mejor llamada como dermatitis de contacto por paederina o cantaridina respectivamente, es una afección común en Paraguay pero frecuentemente subdiagnosticada o confundida con Herpes Zoster debido a sus características. Al informar sobre la epidemiología, condiciones clínicas y tratamiento de esta afección se puede prevenir su incidencia, ayudar en su proceso resolutivo y evitar diagnósticos errados que lleven a un tratamiento innecesario.

Dermatozoonosis are cutaneus or cutaneoussistemic afections caused by animals. Three cases of contact dermatitis produced by vesicant substances present in Staphylinidae and Meloidaeinsect families in residents ChacoBorealregionwere analyzed. Contact dermatitis due to Staphylinidae and Meloidae, better called Paederinor Cantharidin contact dermatitis respectively, isa common disease in Paraguay but it’s frequentlyunderdiagnosed or confused with Herpes Zoster be cause of their characteristics. Reporting on epidemiology, clinical conditions and treatment of these illness, it can prevent its occurrence, assistin their resolution process and avoid misdiagnosis that lead to an unnecessary treatment.

Bioluminescent Coleoptera of Biological Station of Boracéia (Salesópolis, SP, Brazil): diversity, bioluminescence and habitat distribution / Coleópteros Bioluminescentes da Estação Biológica de Boracéia (Salesópolis, SP, Brasil): diversidade, bioluminescência e distribuição por habitat

Brazil hosts the richest biodiversity of bioluminescent beetles in the world. Several species are found in the Atlantic rain forest, one of the richest and most threatened tropical forests in the world. We have catalogued the biodiversity of bioluminescent species mainly of Elateroidea superfamily occurring in one of the last largest and most preserved remnants of Atlantic rain forest, located at the Biological Station of Boracéia of São Paulo University (Salesopolis, SP, Brazil). This site accounted with the largest diversity ever found for a single place in São Paulo State, with 39 species: Lampyridae (30), Phengodidae (5), Elateridae (3) and Staphylinidae (1). This fauna has unique species that were not found in any other places of Atlantic forest in São Paulo state, especially fireflies from the Lampyrinae tribes (Cratomorphini, Lamprocerini, Lucidotini), the subfamilies Amydetinae and Photurinae, and the phengodids Pseudophengodes and Brasilocerus sp.2. Most species are found in dense Ombrophyl forest or at their border, and a few ones are found dwelling in the few open fields around the forest. There is a predominance of glowing patterns in the green region among forest inhabiting species when compared with open field fireflies.

O Brasil tem a maior biodiversidade de coleópteros bioluminescentes do mundo. Muitas destas espécies são encontradas na Mata Atlantica, um dos mais ricos e ameaçados ecossitemas. Catalogamos a biodiversidade de espécies bioluminescentes da superfamília Elateroidea em um dos maiores e mais preservados remanescentes de Mata Atlântica da Serra do Mar, localizado na Estação Biológica de Boraceia (E.B.B.) em Salesopolis, SP, reserva administrada pelo Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Este local contou com a maior biodiversidade de espécies bioluminescentes já encontrada num único local dentro do estado, com 39 espécies: Lampyridae (30), Phengodidae (5), Elateridae (3) e Staphylinidae (1). Esta fauna tem espécies únicas não encontradas em nenhum outro lugar investigado de Mata Atlântica no estado de São Paulo, especialmente das tribos de Lampyrinae (Cratomorphini, Lamprocerini, Lucidotini), as subfamílias Amydetinae e Photurinae, e os fengodídeos Pseudophengodes e Brasilocerus sp.2. A maioria das espécies ocorre em floresta ombrófila densa, e poucas ocorrem em campos abertos. Existe uma predominância de espécies com padrões de brilho contínuo na região do verde no interior da mata quando comparadas a espécies de vagalumes de campo aberto.

Medically important beetles (insecta: coleoptera) of Iran

This study focused on coleopteran species that are responsible for the emergence of recent cases of dermatological manifestations in Iran. To the best of our knowledge, five species of the family Meloidae and nine species of the genus Paederus are by far the only beetles recognized as medically important in Iran. The staphylinids consists of Paederus ilsae, P. iliensis, P. fuscipes, P. kalalovae, P. balcanicus, P. lenkoranus, P. littoralis, P. carpathicus, P. nigricornis, while the meloids are Mylabris impressa, M. guerini, Muzimes iranicus, Alosimus smyrnensis and Epicauta sharpi. Most cases of linear dermatitis in this country occur in areas bordering the Caspian Sea. This problem is caused by beetles of the genus Paederus which are present as adults from mid-April to October with particularly high incidences from May to August. Fars (in southern Iran) ranks second in number of cases of insect-induced dermatitis. The third major region in which this type of dermatitis has been recorded is Hamedan Province, in the west of the country. Meloid dermatitis showed its highest severity in 2001, when a considerable number of patients sought medical help in Toyserkan and Nahavand counties. New cases of skin blistering were reported along the Persian Gulf coast and the agent was identified as Epicauta sharpi (Coleoptera: Meloidae). In all these regions, it was observed that recorded cases of lesions coincided precisely with the yearly peaks of the beetles. Paederus fuscipes and P. kalalovae are the predominant species along the Caspian Sea shore. It appears that P. fuscipes is homogeneously distributed throughout the Caspian Sea region while the distribution of the other species is more irregular. Paederus fuscipes is probably the major agent that causes linear dermatitis in northern Iran. Whereas this disease is a rural difficulty in the south, mainly in villages or small towns, it is an urban problem in northern provinces along the Caspian Sea shore. Meloid dermatitis has been registered only in western and southern Iran. It is not as widespread as linear dermatitis and remains a minor rural health problem.(AU)

Levantamento da fauna de Coleoptera que habita a carcaça de Sus scrofa L., em Curitiba, Paraná / A study of the Coleoptera (Insecta) fauna that inhabits Sus scrofa L. carcass in Curitiba, Paraná

Este trabalho visou levantar a fauna de Coleoptera associada à carcaça de Sus scrofa L.,1758, espécie utilizada como modelo em Entomologia Forense. O acréscimo ou a substituição seqüencial das espécies de insetos pode ser utilizado para estimar o intervalo post mortem (IPM). O experimento foi realizado no Centro Politécnico (UFPR), de setembro de 2005 a setembro de 2006. A cada estação foi sacrificado um suíno de 15 kg no local, colocado em gaiola. A captura dos insetos foi realizada diariamente em bandeja posicionada abaixo da carcaça e em armadilha tipo Shannon modificada, e a cada 14 dias em cinco armadilhas do tipo pit-fall. Foram coletados 4.360 Coleoptera, pertencentes a 112 espécies de 26 famílias, 12 consideradas de importância forense. A coleta ativa realizada na bandeja foi responsßvel pela maior captura (2.023 espécimes), seguida pela armadilha Shannon modificada (2.016 espécimes) e por último pelas do tipo pit-fall (324 espécimes). Staphylinidae foi mais coletada na bandeja e Shannon modificada, e Silphidae na armadilha pit-fall. Os principais hábitos encontrados foram predador/parasita (55 por cento)e onívoro (38,05 por cento), com poucas espécies consideradas necrófagas (1,31 por cento).

This paper sought to assess the Coleoptera fauna associated with carcasses of Sus scrofa L., 1758, which is usually used as model in Forensic Entomology. The addition and sequential substitution of insect species could be used to estimate the post mortem interval (PMI). The present study took place in Centro Politécnico (UFPR), between september 2005 to september 2006. A pig weighting 15 kg was sacrificed each season and put inside a cage. Sampling is made daily in a tray placed below the carcass and in a Shannon modified trap, and each 14 days in five pit-fall traps. 4,360 beetles were collected, belonging to 112 species of 26 families, 12 were considered of forensic potential. The active collecting made in the tray was responsible for the largest number of beetles (2,023 specimens), followed by the modified Shannon trap (2,016 specimens) and by the pit-fall traps (324 specimens). Staphylinidae was more abundant in the modified Shannon trap, while Silphidae was more abundant in pit-fall traps. The main habits found are predator/parasite (55 percent) and omnivorous (38,05 percent), with only a few species considered necrophagous (1,31 percent).

Descrição de duas espécies novas de Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) da Amazônia Central Brasileira

Two brasilian central amazonian species of Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) are descriptioned and illustrationed: Metopiosoma carinata sp. n. and Rhytus amazonicum sp. n.

Duas espécies novas de Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) da Amazônia Central Brasileira são descritas e ilustradas: Metopiosoma carinata sp. n. e Rhytus amazonicum sp. n.