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1.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2): 1038-1046, Maio-Ago. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425178

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of acute cases of Chagas disease notified in the State of Amazonas between the period from 2010 to 2020. Data were obtained from the portal of the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação- SINAN, considering the number of cases per municipality of notification. 140 cases of Acute Chagas Disease were notified, distributed in 23 of the 62 municipalities of the State of Amazonas, 82 (59%) were male individuals, with a greater predominance in the age group of 20-39 years old, having 45 (32.1%) cases. As for the race/color variable, the highest number was among brown people with 101 (72.1%) notifications. The oral route prevailed as the main form of disease transmission with 93 (66.4%) records. Infection by the oral route of T. cruzi is the most important route of transmission of CD in the State of Amazonas, the occurrence of transmission is associated in most cases with the consumption of foods such as açaí juice and has been reported frequently over the years between municipalities.


este estudo se propôs a investigar a epidemiologia dos casos agudos de Doença de Chagas notificados no Estado do Amazonas no período de 2010 a 2020. Os dados foram obtidos no portal do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN, considerando o número de casos por município de notificação. Foram notificados 140 casos de Doença de Chagas Aguda, distribuídos em 23 dos 62 municípios do Estado do Amazonas, 82 (59%) eram indivíduos do sexo masculino, com maior predominância na faixa etária de 20-39 anos de idade com 45 (32,1%) casos. Quanto a variável raça/cor, a maior registro foi entre pardos com 101(72,1%) notificações. A via oral, prevaleceu como a principal forma de transmissão da patologia com 93 (66,4%) registros. A infecção pela via oral do T. cruzi, é a mais importante via de transmissão de DC no Estado do Amazonas, a ocorrência da transmissão está associada na maioria das vezes ao consumo de alimentos como o suco de açaí, e tem sido reportada com frequência ao longo dos anos entre os municípios.


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la epidemiología de los casos agudos de la enfermedad de Chagas notificados en el Estado de Amazonas en el período de 2010 a 2020. Los datos fueron obtenidos del portal del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación - SINAN, considerando el número de casos por municipio de notificación. Se notificaron 140 casos de Enfermedad de Chagas Aguda, distribuidos en 23 de los 62 municipios del Estado de Amazonas, 82 (59%) fueron individuos del sexo masculino, con mayor predominio en el grupo etario de 20 a 39 años con 45 (32,1%) casos. En cuanto a la variable raza/color, el mayor número fue entre los morenos con 101 (72,1%) notificaciones. La vía oral predominó como principal vía de transmisión de la enfermedad con 93 (66,4%) registros. La infección por vía oral de T. cruzi es la vía de transmisión más importante de la EC en el Estado de Amazonas, la ocurrencia de la transmisión está mayoritariamente asociada al consumo de alimentos como el jugo de açaí, y ha sido reportada con frecuencia a lo largo de los años entre municipios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Chagas Disease/transmission , Euterpe/poisoning , Notification/statistics & numerical data , Eating/radiation effects , Health Information Systems/organization & administration , Health Services Research/statistics & numerical data
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(supl.1): 27-33, 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748359

ABSTRACT

Chagas disease (CD) is a parasitic infection that originated in the Americas and is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. In the last few years, the disease has spread to countries in North America, Asia and Europe due to the migration of Latin Americans. In the Brazilian Amazon, CD has an endemic transmission, especially in the Rio Negro region, where an occupational hazard was described for piaçaveiros (piassaba gatherers). In the State of Amazonas, the first chagasic infection was reported in 1977, and the first acute CD case was recorded in 1980. After initiatives to integrate acute CD diagnostics with the malaria laboratories network, reports of acute CD cases have increased. Most of these cases are associated with oral transmission by the consumption of contaminated food. Chronic cases have also been diagnosed, mostly in the indeterminate form. These cases were detected by serological surveys in cardiologic outpatient clinics and during blood donor screening. Considering that the control mechanisms adopted in Brazil's classic transmission areas are not fully applicable in the Amazon, it is important to understand the disease behavior in this region, both in the acute and chronic cases. Therefore, the pursuit of control measures for the Amazon region should be a priority given that CD represents a challenge to preserving the way of life of the Amazon's inhabitants.


Subject(s)
Animals , Digestion/genetics , Horses/genetics , Pancreatic alpha-Amylases/genetics , Salivary alpha-Amylases/genetics , Amino Acid Substitution , Base Sequence , Biodiversity , Edible Grain/chemistry , Dietary Carbohydrates , Genetic Variation , Genotyping Techniques , Horses/classification , Italy , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 19(10): 4051-4060, nov. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-722739

ABSTRACT

Este artigo tem como objetivo aplicar uma abordagem socioecológica transdisciplinar para discutir a sobredeterminação da saúde da ruralidade sul-amazônica, a partir de um estudo de caso desenvolvido em Humaitá, AM, Brasil. Os dados de campo foram coletados por meio de técnicas etnográficas aplicadas no decorrer de três expedições realizadas na área rural do município, entre 2012 e 2014. Apresenta-se uma análise descritiva e teórica, baseada na categoria analítica 'metabolismo socioecológico', de quatro componentes cruciais no processo de sobredeterminação da saúde local: (1) a conformação da população rural local; (2) os fixos e os fluxos territoriais; (3) a construção das identidades socioecológicas; (4) o conflito étnico entre índios e não índios. Conclui-se que incorporação de estudos socioecológicos em pesquisas de saúde de base territorial permite dar subsídios às análises de situação de saúde local por meio da sistematização de informações relacionadas com os processos de sobredeterminação da saúde. Também permite avançar no sentido da transdisciplinaridade, uma condição epistemológica necessária para a abordagem de uma realidade complexa construída nas interfaces da produção, do ambiente e da saúde.


The scope of this article is to apply a trans-disciplinary socio-ecological approach to discuss the super-determination of health in rural areas of the southern Amazon region from a case study developed in Humaitá in the State of Amazonas in Brazil. Field data were collected using ethnographic techniques applied during three expeditions in Humaitá's rural area between 2012 and 2014. Based on the 'socio-ecological metabolism' analytical category, a descriptive and theoretical analysis of four crucial components in the process of super-determination of local health are presented: (1) the composition of the local rural population; (2) fixed and changing territorial aspects; (3) construction of socio-ecological identities; (4) ethnic conflict between Indians and non-Indians. The conclusion reached is that the incorporation of a socio-ecological approach in territorial-based health research provides input for analyses of the local health situation through the systematization of information related to the process of super-determination of health. It also helps in the construction of trans-disciplinarity, which is a necessary epistemological condition for addressing the complex reality at the interfaces of social production, the environment and health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Environmental Health , Rural Health , Social Environment , Brazil
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(2): 170-177, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545772

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Foi realizado um estudo soroepidemiológico e clínico em 152 indivíduos residentes no município de Barcelos, Estado do Amazonas. Avaliou-se a soroprevalência da infecção chagásica e a morbidade da doença de Chagas. MÉTODOS: Os testes sorológicos foram a imunofluorescência indireta, ELISA convencional e recombinante e o Tesa-blot. Foram considerados soropositivos 38 pacientes, duvidosos 31 e soronegativos negativos 83. Os 38 casos soropositivos foram pareados com 38 controles soronegativos da mesma idade, sexo e submetidos à avaliação epidemiológica, clínica, eletro e ecocardiográfica, sendo que, 29 pares fizeram exame radiológico do esôfago. RESULTADOS: A soropositividade foi 19,9 vezes mais frequente nos trabalhadores do extrativismo em geral e 10,4 vezes mais frequente no extrativismo da piaçaba. Aplicou-se o teste de reconhecimento com o vetor local do gênero Rhodnius e 86,7 por cento dos pacientes soropositivos o reconheceram, enquanto somente 34,2 por cento dos soronegativos o fizeram. O ECG mostrou-se alterado em 36,8 por cento nos soropositivos e em 21,5 por cento nos soronegativos, enquanto o ecocardiograma mostrou alterações em 31,6 por cento nos soropositivos e 18,4 por cento nos soronegativos. Precordialgia e palpitações foram mais frequentes nos soropositivos. O estudo clínico do aparelho digestivo e radiológico do esôfago não mostrou alterações significativas. CONCLUSÕES. A doença de Chagas na região estudada pode ser considerada uma doença ocupacional.


INTRODUCTION: A seroepidemiological and clinical study was conducted on 152 autochthonous individuals living in the district of Barcelos, State of Amazonas, to evaluate the seroprevalence of Chagas infection and morbidity of Chagas disease. METHODS: The serological tests used were indirect immunofluorescence, conventional and recombinant ELISA and immunoblot (Tesa-blot). Thirty-eight patients were considered seropositive; 31 were considered serodoubtful; and 83 were considered seronegative. The 38 seropositive cases were paired with 38 seronegative controls of the same age and sex, and underwent epidemiological and clinical evaluations, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms. Twenty-nine pairs underwent radiological examinations of the esophagus. RESULTS: Seropositivity was 19.9 times more frequent among workers gathering plant materials from the forests and 10.4 times more frequent among piassaba gatherers. Eighty six point seven percent of the seropositive individuals recognized the genus Rhodnius as the local vector, while only 34.2 percent of the seronegative individuals recognized this. The EKG was abnormal in 36.8 percent of the seropositive individuals and in 21.5 percent of the seronegative individuals, while the echocardiogram showed abnormalities in 31.6 percent of the seropositive and 18.4 percent of the seronegative individuals. Precordialgia and palpitation were more frequent among the seropositive individuals. Clinical evaluation on the digestive system and X-ray on the esophagus did not show significant abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Chagas disease in the study region can be considered to be an occupational disease.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Chagas Disease/complications , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Insect Vectors , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/parasitology , Rhodnius , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Young Adult
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(2): 207-210, Mar.-Apr. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545779

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença de Chagas é um problema emergente e negligenciado na Região Amazônica. MÉTODOS: Descreve-se uma série de casos agudos autóctones de doença de Chagas atendidos na Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, de 1980 a 2006. RESULTADOS: Registraram-se 29 casos, sendo 19 do sexo masculino e 10 casos do sexo feminino. Quinze eram casos isolados e 14 provenientes de surtos. Os sinais/sintomas mais freqüentes foram febre, fadiga, cefaléia, mialgia, calafrios, palidez, dispnéia e edema de face e de membros inferiores. Não foi registrado nenhum óbito. CONCLUSÕES: A doença incidiu com frequência em jovens. Os métodos parasitológicos mostraram elevada sensibilidade.


INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is an emerging and neglected problem in the Brazilian Amazon region. METHODS: This study describes a series of acute autochthonous cases of Chagas disease that were attended at the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas, Manaus, between 1980 and 2006. RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases were recorded: 19 (65.5 percent) were male and 10 (34.5 percent) cases were female. Fifteen (51.7 percent) were isolated cases and 14 (48.3 percent) were from outbreaks. The commonest signs and symptoms were fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, chills, pallor, dyspnea and edema of the face and lower limbs. No deaths were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: The disease occurred frequently among young people. The parasitological methods showed high sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Acute Disease , Brazil/epidemiology , Insect Vectors
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(6): 642-646, Dec. 2009. mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-539510

ABSTRACT

A análise da distribuição de triatomíneos é essencial para a formulação de estratégias de controle da doença de Chagas na Região Amazônica. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se os resultados de capturas realizadas em ambientes silvestres e artificiais, em localidades rurais e urbanas de Manaus, Amazonas. Dos 115 triatomíneos coletados, 85 (73,9 por cento) são da espécie Rhodnius pictipes, 25 (21,7 por cento) de Rhodnius robustus e cinco (4,4 por cento) de Panstrongylus geniculatus. A taxa de infecção natural por flagelados foi de 5,9 por cento para Rhodnius pictipes e 8 por cento para Rhodnius robustus. Nenhum exemplar de Panstrongylus geniculatus estava infectado. Todos os exemplares infectados eram oriundos de fragmentos de matas da zona urbana. Verificou-se que 106 (92,2 por cento) triatomíneos foram coletados no ambiente silvestre e nove (7,8 por cento) nas unidades domiciliares pela busca ativa. O gênero Rhodnius predominou nitidamente no ambiente silvestre. Os exemplares de Panstrongylus geniculatus, todos adultos, foram coletados no intradomicílio. Não foram encontrados indícios de colonização domiciliar por triatomíneos.


Analysis of the distribution of triatomines is essential for formulating control strategies for Chagas disease in the Amazon region. In this paper, the results from trapping in wild and artificial environments in rural and urban localities in Manaus, Amazonas, are presented. Out of the 115 triatomines collected, 85 (73.9 percent) were of the species Rhodnius pictipes, 25 (21.7 percent) of Rhodnius robustus and five (4.4 percent) of Panstrongylus geniculatus. The rate of natural infection by flagellates was 5.9 percent for Rhodnius pictipes and 8 percent for Rhodnius robustus. None of the specimens of Panstrongylus geniculatus were infected. All of the infected specimens were from forest fragments in the urban zone. It was found that 106 insects (92.2 percent) were collected from the forest environment and nine (7.8 percent) in households, by means of the active search. The genus Rhodnius clearly predominated in the wild environment. The specimens of Panstrongylus geniculatus (all adults) were collected inside homes. There were no signs of domestic colonization by triatomines.


Subject(s)
Animals , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Rhodnius/parasitology , Brazil , Chagas Disease/transmission , Housing , Insect Vectors/classification , Population Density , Panstrongylus/classification , Rural Population , Rhodnius/classification , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Urban Population
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 104(1): 11-17, Feb. 2009. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-507200

ABSTRACT

A study of crepuscular and night-biting mosquitoes was conducted at remote settlements along the Padauiri River, middle Negro River, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Collections were performed with human bait and a CDC-light trap on three consecutive days per month from June 2003-May 2004. In total, 1,203 h of collection were performed, of which 384 were outside and 819 were inside houses. At total of 11,612 specimens were captured, and Anophelinae (6.01 percent) were much less frequent than Culicinae (93.94 percent). Anopheles darlingi was the most frequent Anophelinae collected. Among the culicines, 2,666 Culex (Ae.) clastrieri Casal & Garcia, 2,394 Culex. (Mel.) vomerifer Komp, and 1,252 Culex (Mel.) eastor Dyar were the most frequent species collected. The diversity of insects found reveals the receptivity of the area towards a variety of diseases facilitated by the presence of vectors involved in the transmission of Plasmodium, arboviruses and other infectious agents.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Culicidae/physiology , Insect Vectors/physiology , Brazil , Culicidae/classification , Insect Bites and Stings , Insect Vectors/classification , Periodicity , Seasons
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