Separate vertical wiring combined with anchor suture for comminuted fractures of the inferior patellar pole / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To report surgical outcomes of managing comminuted fractures of the inferior patellar pole with separate vertical wiring plus anchor suture fixation.Methods From January 2010 to January 2015,37 patients with comminuted fractures of the inferior patellar pole were treated with separate vertical wiring and anchor suture fixation.They were 15 men and 22 women,from 32 to 76 years of age (average,55.1 years).The intervals from fracture to surgery ranged from 2 to 3 days (average,2.1 days).According to the AO classification,all the fractures were type 34-A1.The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores,ranges of motion (ROM) of the knee,Bostman scores and postoperative complications were recorded at 6 weeks,3,6 and 12 months and the final follow-up postoperatively.Results The follow-up time for the 37 patients averaged 16 months (range,from 12 to 23 months).The fracture union time averaged 10 weeks after surgery (range,from 8 to 13 weeks).At postoperative 6 weeks,3,6 and 12 months and the final follow-up,respectively,the average VAS scores were 2.5,1.1,0.3,0.2 and 0.2 points,the average ranges of motion 109.5°,123.7°,128.6°,129.1° and 132.5°,and the average Bostman scores 23.7,26.9,29.1,29.4 and 29.6 points.No patient reported delayed union,nonunion,loss of reduction,wire breakage,wound problem or irritation from the implant.Conclusion Separate vertical wiring combined with anchor suture fixation is a useful technique for comminuted fractures of the inferior patellar pole,for it is easy to perform,allows early functional exercise and leads to fine curative outcomes.

Effect of endocardiac pacing by steel wire electrode cardial puncture on living dog myocardium with normal heart beat / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the parameters and effect of endocardial pacing by steel wire electrode cardiac puncture on heart with normal beat in living animal, and evaluate its safety.Methods After anaesthesia and thoracotomy in 6 living dogs with normal heart beat, the pericardia were excised. Steel wire electrodes with annular or hook tips were used respectively at right ventricular 4 corresponding spots to perform cardiac puncture endocardiac pacing (each dog experienced 8 times of puncture); the time from puncture to effective pacing, pacing parameter and puncture complication (time and quantity of bleeding) of each electrode at each spot were recorded. Finally, the two types of electrode completed 24 times of manipulation respectively; the data collected of the two types were compared. Results The cardiac pacing successful rates in the two groups were 100%; the time taken from the beginning of heart puncture to effective pacing in annular tip group was less than that in hook tip group, but the time difference between the two groups showed no statistical significance (s: 18.4±2.3 vs. 19.6±4.1,P > 0.05). The parameters of pacing in the annular tip group, such as operation time (s: 18.4±2.3 vs. 19.6±4.1), the threshold value of pacing (V: 2.1±0.2 vs. 2.2±0.8), the amplitude of R wave sensed (mV: 11.3±3.2 vs. 12.6±4.1) and the impedance of electrode (Ω: 674.2±89.7 vs. 668.5±101.3) were not significantly different compared with those in the hook tip group (allP > 0.05). Either after puncture or after the electrodes were taken out, the time of bleeding [after puncture (minutes): 4.4±2.3 vs. 4.5±3.1, after the electrodes taken out (minutes): 4.1±2.2 vs. 4.8±2.5] and the volume of bleeding [after puncture (mL): 2.8±2.4 vs. 3.2±3.5, after the electrodes taken out (mL): 3.3±1.7 vs. 3.5±2.6] were not significantly different between the two groups (allP > 0.05).Conclusions In living dogs with normal heart beat, the manipulation and function of endocardiac pacing by cardiac puncture with either steel wire annular or hook tip electrode are well and effective, and the performance is simple and safe without any serious myocardial injury and complication. Thus, it is helpful to quickly establish efficient endocardiac pacing in emergency cases.

Application of internal fixation of steel-wire limited loop in early Achilles tendon rupture

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical effect and safety of internal fixation of steel-wire limited loop in early Achilles tendon rupture.@*METHODS@#Seventy-six patients respectively with early transected and avulsed types of Achilles tendon rupture were selected and treated with internal fixation of steel-wire limited loop. The patients began to take exercise for their lower limbs through continous passive motion as early as possible after surgical repair, and the loops were removed after 3-5 months. Six months later, the condition of complications including Achilles tendon re-rupture, wound fistula, wound infection and skin necrosis, cutaneous sensation in sural nerve dominance region, time back to preinjury work or learning as well as time to physical activities were observed. One year later, the therapeutic effect was evaluated, and the maximum circumferences of bilateral legs and ruptured plane circumferences of Achilles tendon were measured.@*RESULTS@#The wound of all patients healed well, no complications like Achilles tendon re-rupture, wound fistula, wound infection and skin necrosis occured, and the cutaneous sensation in sural nerve dominance region was normal. The mean time back to preinjury work or learning as well as to pysical activities of all patients were respectively 10 and 22 weeks. Seventy out of 76 patients (92.1%) achieved an excellent effect, and 6 (7.9%) good effect. The excellent and good rate came up to 100%. The maximum circumference in the affected leg decreased to 2 mm averagely compared with the offside, while the ruptured plane circumferences of Achilles tendon in the affected side increased to 2.2 mm compared with the offside.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For early Achilles tendon rupture, internal fixation of steel-wire limited loop can recover the ankle function better, return to the preinjury state in the shortest time, and has few complications.

Autoclaving and clinical recycling: Effects on mechanical properties of orthodontic wires.

Background: About half of the orthodontists recycle and reuse orthodontic wires because of their costs. So when talking about reuse and sterilization of wires, their effects on mechanical properties of wires should be clarified. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of sterilization and clinical use on mechanical properties of stainless steel wires. Materials and Methods: Thirty stainless steel orthodontic wires were divided into three equal groups of control, autoclave (sterilized by autoclave), and recycle group (wires were used for orthodontic patients up to 4 weeks, cleaned by isopropyl alcohol and sterilized by autoclave). The mechanical properties (tensile test, three-point loading test for load-deflection curve) were determined. Results: Fracture force, yield strength, stiffness and modulus of elasticity in recycle groups were significantly lower than the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although recycle wires were softer than those of control group, relatively small differences and also various properties of available wires have obscured the clinical predictability of their application. There is seemingly no problem in terms of mechanical properties to recycle orthodontic wires.

Comparison of the fatigue limit of fiber-reinforced composites and stainless steel wires when attached to the tooth surface for anchorage reinforcement / 대한치과교정학회지

This study was performed to compare the fatigue limit of stainless steel wires and Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) under conditions of permitting physiologic tooth movement, and to evaluate the clinical value of FRCs which was used to reinforce the anchorage unit. The stainless steel wire groups were divided into round and rectangular wire groups. The FRC groups were divided into uni-directional and woven groups, with resin coating and without resin coating in the proximal area. After the number of cycles to failure of each of the 6 groups were measured within the 5 x 10(5) cycle fatigue limit simulating the orthodontic treatment period, the fatigue limit of each group was compared with each other. The findings of this study were as follows. In stainless steel wires, the fatigue limit of rectangular wires were higher than that of round wires. But there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). In FRCs with resin coating and without resin coating in the interproximal area, the fatigue limit of uni-directional type was higher than that of the woven type (p < 0.05). In uni-directional and woven type FRCs, the fatigue limit of FRC with resin coating in the interproximal area was higher than that of FRC without resin coating (p < 0.05). As the FRCs and stainless steel wires did not fracture until the 5 x 10(5) cycle fatigue limit which clinically is useful, it is sufficient to use FRC and stainless steel wire for reinforcing anchorage. When esthetics is important and the attachment of additional devices are necessary, it seems sufficient to use FRC as anchorage reinforcement.

Research and application of new three-way steel-reinforced trachea tube / 医疗卫生装备

This paper introduces a brand-new three-way trachea tube reinforced by steel.It has a three-way junction.The main tube has the function of ventilation and connection,while the side tube which can be connected to oxygen-breath tube is used for the autonomic breath of the patient or for nurses to draw secretions.Furthermore,the steel wire is inserted in the tubes in case it is snapped.

Physical properties and surface topography of orthodontic stainless steel wires: comparing a new Korean product with others from foreign companies / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the property of a new Korean stainless steel wire(Jinsung Ind.) comparing with other foreign products. Five types of stainless steel wires (Standard, Resilient, HI-T of Unitek, Stainless steel of Ormco and Jinsung Ind.) in 0.016x0.022 and 0.019x0.025were tested to observe for composition analysis, size difference, tensile properties, flexure bending property, tortion property, surface hardness and surface topography by means of SEM. The findings suggest that: 1. In maximum tensile strength of tensile properties, Unitek Hi-T showed the greatest value, followed by Unitek Resilient, Jinsung Stainless Steel, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Standard in 0.016x0.022, and Unitek Hi-T showed highest value, followed by Jinsung Stainless Steel, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Resilient, Unitek Standard in 0.019x0.025. 2. In elongation rate, Unitek Standard showed the greatest value, followed by Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Hi-T, Unitek Resilient, Jinsung Stainless Steel in 0.016x0.022, and Unitek Hi-T showed the highest value, followed by Unitek Standard, Ormco Stainless Steel, Jinsung Stainless Steel, Unitek Resilient in 0.019x0.025. 3. In modulus of elasticity, Jinsung Stainless Steel showed the greatest value, followed by Unitek Hi-T, Unitek Resilient, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Standard in 0.016x0.022, and Unitek Resilient showed the highest value followed by Jinsung Stainless Steel, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Hi-T, Unitek Standard in 0.019x0.025. 4. In bending fatigue test, Jinsung Stainless Steel showed the greatest fracture resistance, followed by Unitek Hi-T, Unitek Standard, Unitek Resilient, Ormco Stainless Steel in 0.016x0.022, and Unitek Hi-T showed the greatest fracture resistance followed by Jinsung Stainless Steel, Unitek Resilient, Unitek Standard, Ormco Stainless Steel in 0.019x0.025. 5. In twist test, Unitek Resilient showed the greatest fracture resistance, followed by Jinsung Stainless Steel, Unitek Hi-T, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Standard in 0.016x0.022, and Jinsung showed the greatest fracture resistance, followed by Unitek Resilient, Unitek Standard, Ormco Stainless Steel, Unitek Hi-T. 6. In surface topography, every products showed indentation and pitting. Jinsung stainless steel wire showed long thin indentation and relatively smooth surface. Unitek wires showed indentation and pitting and Ormco wire showed a lot of irregular pittings.