Research progress of immune checkpoint agonist for solid tumor treatments / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Immune checkpoint consists of inhibitory and stimulatory molecules. Drugs blocking inhibitory checkpoint programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4) are currently utilized for wide variety of human cancers. Agonists of stimulatory checkpoints such as GITR, OX40, 4-1BB, ICOS, CD40 and STING are undergoing critical clinical trials. Immune checkpoint agonists that affect stimulatory checkpoint molecules develop rapidly, and immune agonist antibodies thus represent an important approach for solid tumor treatments.