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1.
Subj. procesos cogn. ; 27(2): 198-231, dic. 12, 2023.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, UNISALUD, LILACS | ID: biblio-1523335

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados dela tesis doctoral sobre los deseos y defensas (y sus estados) de la madre de una niña abusada sexualmente, con el objetivo de conocer su estructuración subjetiva en este difícil acontecimiento. Se trata de un estudio de caso en el que se usa como método el Algoritmo David Liberman (ADL), en el análisis del discurso de la madre, seleccionadas tres sesiones y una carta manuscrita. El estudio de deseos y defensas puede contribuir a describir y conocer el posicionamiento subjetivo de una madre frente a la situación abusiva de su hija, y como ésta es vivida por ella AU


The results of the doctoral thesis on the wishes and defenses (and their states) of the mother of a sexually abused girl are presented, with the aim of knowing her subjective structuring in this difficult event. This is a case study in which the David Liberman Algorithm (ADL) is used as a method in the analysis of the mother's speech, three sessions and a handwritten letter selected. The study of desires and defenses can contribute to describing and knowing the subjective position of a mother in the face of her daughter's abusive situation, and how it is experienced by her AU


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Psychoanalytic Therapy/methods , Child Abuse, Sexual/legislation & jurisprudence , Personal Narratives as Topic , Speech , Defense Mechanisms , Family Relations/psychology
2.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 29: e0219, 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441238

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio es analizar el discurso narrativo productivo de estudiantes de kínder en escuelas de lenguaje de Chile, considerando Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL) expresivo y mixto junto a la periodicidad de la lectura de cuentos en el hogar. Ambientes naturales enriquecidos en la familia aportan mayores oportunidades de desarrollo favoreciendo la literacidad, las habilidades lingüísticas y sociales. Los niños y niñas con TEL pueden mostrar dificultades en la narración, afectando el desempeño académico, social y en su calidad de vida. El discurso narrativo en una muestra de 150 preescolares es evaluado, utilizando un instrumento formal a través del recontado de 3 cuentos originales. Se examina la etapa del desarrollo narrativo y la lectura de cuentos realizada por padres en el hogar. Se aplica una ficha para recoger información demográfica de las familias. A través de un estudio descriptivo comparativo, se aplica estadística descriptiva e inferencial (ANOVA de dos factores) para analizar las variables. Los resultados muestran que ni el tipo de TEL, ni la frecuencia de lectura o la interacción de ambas, provocan cambios estadísticamente significativos en el discurso narrativo. Sin embargo, se observan hallazgos cualitativos en la cantidad de narración, en función de la lectura de cuentos.


ABSTRACT The study aimed to analyze the productive narrative discourse of students who attended kindergarten in special language schools in Chile, considering the expressive and mixed Specific Language Impairment (SLI) with the periodicity of reading stories at home. Enriched natural environments into the family provide better opportunities to develop early literacy, linguistic and social skills. Children with SLI may show difficulties in narration, affecting academic, social performance, and generally affecting their quality of life. The narrative discourse in a sample of 150 preschoolers was evaluated using a formal instrument that included the retelling of three original stories. The performance of narrative development and reading stories by parents at home were examined. A form was applied to collect demographic information from families. Through a comparative-descriptive study, descriptive and inferential statistics (two-way ANOVA) were used to analyze the variables. The results show that type of SLI, frequency of reading and the interaction of both variables did not cause statistically significant effects in the narrative discourse. However, qualitative findings were observed, in the quantity of oral discourse related to storytelling.

3.
Interdisciplinaria ; 39(3): 75-91, oct. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430569

ABSTRACT

Resumen Este estudio caracteriza y compara las habilidades narrativas y el vocabulario receptivo de 54 preescolares montevideanos de nivel socioeconómico medio (NSM) y bajo (NSB). Los niños realizaron tareas de vocabulario receptivo, producción narrativa (en dos condiciones: manipulando títeres al contar la historia y sin manipularlos), y comprensión narrativa (recuento oral y preguntas posteriores a la reconstrucción). Las narrativas fueron transcritas, codificadas y analizadas en términos de super y macroestructura siguiendo la gramática de historias de Stein y Glenn (1979) (coherencia) y de microestructura (productividad y complejidad). Los niños de ambos grupos tuvieron un desempeño acorde a su edad en comprensión y producción narrativa, a pesar de que el grupo de NSM tuvo un mejor desempeño en vocabulario receptivo. Hubo diferencias en comprensión (cantidad de episodios recuperados y en la respuesta a preguntas) que favorecieron al NSM, pero no en la cantidad de categorías recuperadas ni en la extensión y complejidad del recuento. Para producción narrativa no hubo diferencias en secuencia narrativa, ni en la cantidad de episodios completos en ninguna de las condiciones, pero sí en cuanto a la complejidad sintáctica en la condición sin títeres. Los resultados muestran una relación compleja entre vocabulario y habilidades narrativas, dado que diferencias importantes en vocabulario no se reflejaron de manera homogénea en el desempeño narrativo. Estos resultados aportan a los debates actuales sobre el papel del vocabulario en el desarrollo de habilidades narrativas, así como a pensar la validez ecológica de las evaluaciones en el desarrollo cognitivo y lingüístico.


Abstract Narrative abilities are an important part of communication, academic success, and healthy relationships. These abilities involve complex language and cognitive skills, such as precise vocabulary, control of the coherence markers, relations of cause-effect, and planning. They are also relevant during the elementary school years and interact with the socio-emotional skills necessary to understand different points of view. Oral narrative production develops dramatically from 3 to 5 years of age and is a key factor in a child's ability to communicate about the world. During this period narratives are a product of increasing linguistic sophistication over the preschool period and there is a complex relationship between early narratives and language proficiency. So far, most research about this topic has been pursued in populations other than Latin American preschoolers. At the same time, a considerably lesser number of studies about narrative abilities development have been carried out comparing typically developing children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. To our knowledge, there are no studies in Uruguay that assess the narrative abilities development in typically developing preschool children who grow up in vulnerable contexts. It is therefore of the utmost relevance to produce empirical evidence for this population. For these reasons, this study aimed at characterizing and comparing narrative abilities and receptive vocabulary in a group of a total of 54 Uruguayan preschoolers from different socioeconomic backgrounds (middle and low socioeconomic status, SES). Children were assessed in receptive vocabulary and narrative abilities across two task conditions: (1) narrative comprehension through a story retelling task which included some final questions about the story; (2) narrative production elicited from a set of thematically related puppets. The examiner gives a child a puppet set and asks him/her to elaborate a narrative using them. After that, puppets are removed and the child is asked to retell the story without puppets. Children's oral productions were video-taped and then transcribed and categorized using the ELAN software (Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 2019). The verbal information was categorized according to Stein and Glenn's (1979) story grammar and considering the microstructural aspects (productivity and complexity). Analyses showed that both groups performed according to their stage of development in both narrative task conditions. With regards to the narrative comprehension task, no differences in the number of recovered categories, extension, or narrative complexity were observed. Concerning the narrative production task, there were no differences between the groups in narrative sequences, nor in the number of completed episodes in conditions neither with puppets nor without puppets. Results showed that children who grow up in poverty perform more poorly than their peers from middle-income families in receptive vocabulary, in the number of recovered episodes, ask-answer items of narrative comprehension tasks. Moreover, concerning the microstructural parameters analyses showed that children from middle socioeconomic backgrounds scored better in syntactic complexity in the without puppets condition. No differences between the groups were observed in syntactic complexity in the puppets condition. Taken together these results indicate a complex link between vocabulary and narrative abilities. It is worth noting that important differences in vocabulary did not reflect in the children's narrative performance. These findings are also relevant as a contribution to an ongoing debate about the role of vocabulary in the development of narrative abilities. Furthermore, these results could inform the discussion about the ecological validity of the test of cognitive and linguistic development. Finally, to provide some additional evidence to Uruguayan Spanish language about the relationships between oral language and cognitive development allows to carry out early interventions before formal schooling sets children for success in school and life.

4.
Motrivivência (Florianópolis) ; 34(65): 1-17, 20220316.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396228

ABSTRACT

O artigo objetiva analisar a veiculação do esporte em Belo Horizonte nas décadas de 1930 e 1940 e sua relação com um incisivo processo de educação dos corpos, considerando as especificidades da recém- criada capital do estado de Minas Gerais. Como método, foram analisados especialmente jornais e revistas que estiveram em circulação na temporalidade proposta. Concluímos que o esporte, notadamente como manifestação do/no lazer, foi veiculado recorrentemente como parte importante de uma contundente empreitada em prol da transformação dos corpos e dos comportamentos da população. Carregado de alto valor moral e disciplinar, deveria ser capaz de incutir no cidadão mineiro possibilidades de condutas mais afeitas à vida no espaço público e ao progresso representado pelas inovações industriais e tecnológicas.


The article aims to analyze the broadcasting of sport in Belo Horizonte in the 1930s and 1940s and its relationship with an incisive process of bodily education, considering the specificities of the newly created capital of the state of Minas Gerais. As a method, newspapers and magazines that were in circulation at the proposed time were especially analyzed. We conclude that sport, notably as a manifestation of leisure, was repeatedly broadcast as an important part of a hard work in favour of the transformation of the bodies and behaviours of the population. Loaded with high moral and disciplinary value, it should be able to instill in the citizen of Minas Gerais possibilities of conduct more suited to life in the public space and to the progress represented by industrial and technological innovations.


El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la transmisión del deporte en Belo Horizonte en las décadas de 1930 y 1940 y su relación con un incisivo proceso de educación de los cuerpos, considerando las especificidades de la recién creada capital del estado de Minas Gerais. Como método, analizamos especialmente periódicos que estaban en circulación en la temporalidad propuesta. Concluimos que el deporte, notablemente como manifestación de/en el ocio, fue transmitido recurrentemente como parte importante de un esfuerzo contundente en favor de la transformación de los cuerpos y comportamientos de la población. Cargado de alto valor moral y disciplinario, debería ser capaz de inculcar en los ciudadanos de Minas Gerais posibilidades de conducta más adecuadas a la vida en el espacio público y al progreso que representan las innovaciones industriales y tecnológicas.

5.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 28: e0017, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394752

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Histórias Sociais (Social Stories™) são histórias curtas e individualizadas que podem ser usadas para ajudar pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) na interpretação e na compreensão de situações sociais difíceis, confusas ou novas. Elas são usadas para descrever situações em que um indivíduo possa ter dificuldades em identificar os sinais sociais relevantes ou os comportamentos esperados, além de servir para compreender as consequências de comportar-se de diversas formas. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo foi examinar artigos sobre Histórias Sociais para determinar as potencialidades e as fragilidades das pesquisas que exploraram o uso dessa intervenção para indivíduos com TEA. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão, foram selecionados 11 artigos. Observou-se, após análise, que, apesar de não ser uma intervenção com muitas publicações no Brasil, sua eficácia é demonstrada nos trabalhos publicados ao redor do mundo, podendo ser aplicada nos contextos escolar e clínico brasileiro. Os resultados indicaram modificações relevantes de comportamento para participantes com TEA de diversas idades e em differentes ambientes, mas um único comportamento por vez é alvo da intervenção.


ABSTRACT: Social Stories™ are short, self-paced stories that can be used to help people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) interpret and understand difficult, confusing or new social situations. They are used to describe situations in which an individual may have difficulty identifying relevant social cues or expected behaviors, and they serve to understand the consequences of behaving in different ways. Tus, the aim of this study was to examine articles on Social Stories to determine the strengths and weaknesses of research that explored the use of this intervention for individuals with ASD. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected. It was observed, after analysis, that, despite not being an intervention with many publications in Brazil, its effectiveness is demonstrated in works published around the world, and can be applied in the Brazilian school and clinical contexts. The results indicated relevant changes in behavior for participants with ASD of different ages and in different environments, but a single behavior at a time is the target of the intervention.

6.
Sichuan Mental Health ; (6): 42-46, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-987448

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo discuss the effects of nursing model based on story theory on cancer-related fatigue, anxiety, depression and quality of life of gastric cancer patients. MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted on 120 gastric cancer patients admitted to gastroenterology department of The First Affiliated Hospital Henan University of Science and Technology from January 2017 to January 2018. Patients were randomly classified into observation group (n=61) and control group (n=59). All patients received routine nursing, based on this, patients in observation group received nursing model based on story theory. Interventions in both groups lasted for 3 weeks. Furthermore, all individuals were assessed using Revised Piper Fatigue Scale (RPFS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Short-form 36 Health Survey Scale (SF-36) at the baseline and 3 weeks after intervention. ResultsAfter intervention, there was a decrease in the each dimension score of RPFS in both groups (tcontrol group=10.305~15.639, tobservation group=18.821~32.589, P<0.01), and the above scores of control group were significantly higher than those of observation group (t=10.863~16.992, P<0.01). The scores of SAS and SDS were decreased in both groups after intervention (tcontrol group=13.964, 17.744, tobservation group=14.199, 9.361, P<0.01), and the post-intervention scores of SAS and SDS were significantly higher in control group than those in observation group (t=6.505, 8.460, P<0.01). After intervention, the score of SF-36 was elevated in both groups (tcontrol group=12.793, tobservation group=28.141, P<0.01), and the post-intervention score of SF-36 was significantly lower in control group than those in observation group(t=13.757, P<0.01). ConclusionCompared with routine nursing, nursing model based on story theory is of great significance in attenuating cancer-related fatigue, alleviating anxiety and depression, and improving quality of life of gastric cancer patients.

7.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1434051

ABSTRACT

El Documental, nos da a ver de un modo peculiar un experimento realizado con seres humanos en la década del ´60. El escenario que recorta arbitra la apertura para diferentes ejes de interés que atañen a la ética como dilemas, pero a su vez, problemas que la práctica misma construye. Haremos un recorte, en este texto, basado en los gestos que nos son dados a ver y leer y examinaremos, a partir de ellos, el lugar dado a la historia en la vida del infans, el concepto de niño y de la familia en el que se soportó el experimento original y el modo en que los relatos despliegan esas marcas ¿singularmente?


The Documentary, give us to see in a peculiar way an experiment carried out with human beings in the 60s. The scenario that cuts out arbitrates the opening for different axes of interest that concern ethics as dilemmas, but at the same time, problems that the practice itself constructs. We will make a route, in this text, based on the gestures that we are given to see and read, and we will examine, based on them, the place given to history in the life of infans, the concept of the child and the family in which the original experiment was supported and the way in which the stories display those marks, singularly?


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Child , Child, Adopted , Social Identification , Child Rearing , Family Structure
8.
Sex., salud soc. (Rio J.) ; (37): e21209, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1352270

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo foi elaborado a partir da história de vida e da narrativa de Joana, uma jovem mulher lésbica, natural de Catolé do Rocha (Sertão da Paraíba), ativista pelos direitos da população LGBTQIA+. Para além deste eixo temático - por meio do qual foi possível apreender aspectos importantes não apenas da vida de Joana no que diz respeito a sexualidade e gênero, mas também de outros sujeitos "dissidentes" no interior da região Nordeste do Brasil -, o presente texto apresenta como pano de fundo ou problemática associada a questão da invisibilidade lésbica nos trabalhos socioantropológicos, nos movimentos sociais e no espaço público. Onde estão as pessoas que representam (e/ou são representadas pelo) o L do LGBTQIA+? Eis a pergunta que perpassa este trabalho.


Resumen Este artículo está basado en la historia de vida y en la narrativa de Joana, una joven lesbiana nacida en Catolé do Rocha (Sertão da Paraíba), activista por los derechos de la población LGBTQIA+. Además de este eje temático - a través del cual fue posible aprehender aspectos importantes no solo de la vida de Joana en materia de sexualidad y género, sino también de otros sujetos "disidentes" en el interior de la región Nordeste de Brasil -, el texto presenta el tema de la invisibilidad de las lesbianas en los trabajos socio-antropológicos, en los movimientos sociales y en el espacio público como trasfondo o tema. ¿Dónde están las personas que representan (y/o están representadas por) la L de LGBTQIA +? Ésta es la pregunta que atraviesa este trabajo.


Abstract This article is based on the life story and narrative of Joana, a young lesbian woman, born in Catolé do Rocha (Paraíba's Backlands, Brazil), an activist for the rights of the LGBTQIA+ population. In addition to this thematic axis - through which it was possible to apprehend important aspects not only of Joana's life with regard to sexuality and gender, but also of other "dissident" subjects in the interior of the Northeast region of Brazil -, the present text presents the issue of lesbian invisibility in socio-anthropological work, social movements and public space as a background or issue. Where are the people who represent (and/ or are represented by) the L of LGBTQIA+? This is the question that runs through this work.


Subject(s)
Homosexuality, Female , Sexuality , Sexism , Political Activism , Gender Identity , Life Change Events
9.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 16(1): e55945, 2021. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1417432

ABSTRACT

Introdução: No decorrer do século XIX surgiram as primeiras informações a respeito das substâncias químicas contidas nos alimentos. A partir dessas descobertas, a higiene alimentar como meio terapêutico estabeleceu critérios para a prescrição de azote (nitrogênio) e carbone (carbono), bem como recomendações alimentares nos diferentes ciclos de vida e estados de convalescença. Objetivos: Este trabalhou buscou analisar como e para que fins eram prescritos alguns alimentos cuja composição química era caracterizada pela presença do azote (nitrogênio) e carbone (carbono). Método: Foram utilizados como fonte de pesquisa os cadernos de visitas (prontuários) de embarcações encontrados no Arquivo Histórico da Marinha Portuguesa, os tratados médicos do período e publicações referentes à história da ciência e nutrição. Resultados e discussão: Nos cadernos de visitas consultados (anos 1859 e1863), as refeições à base de alimentos de origem animal (ricos em azote), como os caldos de carne e de galinha, foram as mais prescritas aos doentes, pois se pautavam nos princípios da dieta fibrinosa, que promovia a reparação tecidual e crescimento da matéria orgânica. Considerações finais: Ao longo dos dois últimos séculos, muitas teorias a respeito da função dos alimentos se modificaram, mas parte significativa de seus pressupostos foram constituídos no decorrer do século XIX.


Introduction: During the 19th century, emerged the first information about the chemical substances contained in food. From these discoveries, food hygiene as a therapeutic mean established criteria for the prescription of nitrogen (nitrogen) and carbon (carbon), as well as dietary recommendations in the different life cycles and convalescent states. Objectives: This work sought to analyze how and for what purposes some foods whose chemical composition was characterized by the presence of nitrogen (nitrogen) and carbon (carbon)were prescribed . Methodology: The visiting notebooks (medical records) of vessels found in the Historical Archive of the Portuguese Navy, medical treaties of the period and publications referring to the history of science and nutrition were used as a research source. Results and discussion: In the consulted notebooks (years 1859 and 1863), meals based on animal foods (rich in nitrogen), such as meat and chicken broths, were the most prescribed to patients, as they were based on principles of the fibrinous diet, which promoted tissue repair and growth of organic matter. Final considerations: Over the past two centuries, many theories about the function of food have changed, but a significant part of their assumptions were made during the 19th century.


Subject(s)
Diet Therapy , Nutritional Sciences , Food/history , Food Hygiene , Recommended Dietary Allowances
10.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 41(spe3): 1-14, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1340445

ABSTRACT

O diagnóstico e o tratamento de câncer na infância exigem que a criança construa formas de enfrentamento, o que torna relevante compreender sua percepção e o modo como se organiza cognitivamente. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar de que maneira os processos de hospitalização e tratamento são compreendidos pelos participantes diante da vivência de neoplasia infantil, considerando a etapa de desenvolvimento cognitivo e afetivo, de acordo com a perspectiva piagetiana. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no ambulatório de oncologia pediátrica em um hospital da Baixada Santista, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, provas piagetianas e desenhos-estórias com tema, com uma amostra de conveniência de cinco crianças com entre 4 e 9 anos e com diagnóstico de leucemia. Os dados foram categorizados pela análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin (1988), as provas piagetianas de acordo com a teoria de Piaget e os desenhos-estórias a partir de Trinca (2002). Duas crianças (com 4 e 6 anos) se caracterizaram como pré-operatórias e três (com 8 e 9 anos) como operatórias concretas, sendo observado que as pré-operatórias apresentam um discurso com alta carga simbólica sobre o sofrimento da hospitalização e tratamento, enquanto crianças operatório-concretas demonstram domínio da noção de causa e consequência e pensamento lógico. Uma comparação qualitativa entre as provas piagetianas e os desenhos indicou coerência entre os tipos de avaliação. Todos os participantes mostram compreensão de sua atual situação de adoecimento e tratamento, apresentando diferentes formas de enfrentamento. Além disso, todos ressaltaram uma posição otimista em relação às perspectivas de cura, independentemente do momento do desenvolvimento cognitivo.(AU)


Diagnosing and treating childhood cancer requires children to develop coping strategies, indicating the need for understanding their perception and cognitive organization. Thus, this study aimed to understand how participants perceive the process of hospitalization and treatment for childhood neoplasia according to Piaget's stages of cognitive and affective development. This is a qualitative study conducted with a convenience sample of five children aged between 4 and 9 years, diagnosed with Leukemia and treated at a pediatric oncology outpatient clinic in a hospital in Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, Piagetian proofs, and thematic drawing-and-story procedure and analyzed in the light of Bardin's Thematic Content Analysis (1988), Piaget's theory, and Trinca's theory (2002), respectively. Two children (4 and 6 years old) were characterized as preoperative and three (8 and 9 years old) as concrete operative. The discourse of preoperative children included high levels of symbolism regarding the suffering arising from hospitalization and the effects of treatment, while concrete-operative children demonstrated mastery of the notion of cause and consequence and logical thinking. A qualitative comparison between Piagetian Proofs and drawings showed consistency between the types of evaluation. All participants show an understanding of their current condition and treatment, presenting different forms of coping. They also highlighted an optimistic position regarding the prospects for healing, regardless of their cognitive development stage.(AU)


El diagnóstico y tratamiento de cáncer infantil requiere del niño la construcción de formas de enfrentamiento de la enfermedad, lo que hace relevante la necesidad de comprender su percepción y el modo cómo se organiza cognitivamente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar de qué manera el proceso de hospitalización y tratamiento por neoplasia infantil son comprendidos por los participantes, considerando su etapa de desarrollo cognitivo según la perspectiva piagetiana. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa en el ambulatorio de oncología pediátrica en un hospital de la Baixada Santista (Brasil), con entrevistas semiestructuradas, pruebas piagetianas y dibujos-historias con tema, con una muestra de cinco niños de entre 4 y 9 años de edad y con diagnóstico de leucemia. Los datos fueron categorizados por el análisis de contenido temático de Bardin (1988), las pruebas piagetianas de acuerdo con la teoría de Piaget y los dibujos-historias mediante Trinca (2002). Dos niños (con 4 y 6 años) se caracterizaron en la etapa preoperacional, y tres (con 8 y 9 años) en la de operaciones concretas, siendo observado que los niños en la etapa preoperacional presentan un discurso con alta carga simbólica sobre el sufrimiento de la hospitalización y tratamiento, mientras que niños en la de operaciones concretas tienen dominio de la noción de causa y consecuencia y pensamiento lógico. Una comparación cualitativa entre las pruebas piagetianas y los dibujos mostró coherencia entre los tipos de evaluación. Todos los participantes comprendían su actual situación de enfermedad y tratamiento, presentando diferentes formas de enfrentamiento. Además, todos resaltaron una actitud optimista en relación a las perspectivas de curación, independiente del momento del desarrollo cognitivo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Drawing , Growth and Development , Hospitalization , Medical Oncology , Psychology , Therapeutics , Adaptation, Psychological , Leukemia , Child Development , Disease , Health Strategies , Diagnosis , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Hospitals
11.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 35(4): 505-513, out.dez.2020. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367960

ABSTRACT

O autor conviveu com implantes mamários e relata a história da evolução em seus 45 anos de experiência. Aponta os pontos principais dessa evolução, as coincidências e as complicações no transcorrer do tempo, e propõe ao final acontecimentos possíveis no futuro.


The author lived with breast implants and tells the story of evolution in his 45 years of experience. It points out the main points of this evolution, the coincidences, and complications over time, and proposes possible future events in the end.

12.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 20(2): 500-518, jul. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1116546

ABSTRACT

Durante o período da adultez emergente, a forma como eventos vividos são compreendidos é afetada pela narrativa de história de vida internalizada pelo indivíduo. A investigação dos tipos de experiências mais frequentes nessa fase contribui para a compreensão da forma como histórias de vida e identidades são construídas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar temáticas frequentes nos eventos de vida considerados importantes por jovens universitários. Participaram 287 universitários, com idades entre 18 e 35 anos (M = 22,55; DP = 5,88) que responderam a um questionário no qual relataram sete eventos mais importantes de suas vidas. Valência emocional, importância, prevalência e idade na qual ocorreu foram atribuídos pelos participantes aos seus eventos de vida. Os eventos citados foram, em sua maioria, considerados positivos, resultado condizente com a literatura sobre memória autobiográfica. As três categorias mais citadas envolveram temáticas relacionadas à exploração identitária e de possibilidades, características marcantes da adultez emergente. (AU)


During the emerging adulthood life period, the way that the events are understood is influenced by the internalized life story narrative. The investigation of the kind of experience that is most frequent in this period contributes to the understanding of the way life stories and identities are built. The goal of this study was to investigate the most frequently found themes in the events considered the most important ones by Brazilian undergraduates. Participants were 287 college students, with ages between 18 and 35 years (M = 22,55; SD = 5.88), who completed a questionnaire about the seven most important events that happened in their lives. Participants also rated each event for valence, importance, prevalence, and the age in which it occurred. The events mentioned were mostly positive, a result in line with the literature on autobiographical memory. The three most mentioned categories were related to the exploration of identity and possibilities that are characteristic of the emerging adulthood. (AU)


Durante el periodo de la adultez emergente, la forma como se comprenden los eventos vividos es afectada por la narrativa de historia de vida internalizada por el individuo. La investigación de los tipos de experiencias más frecuentes de esta fase contribuye para la comprensión del modo en que las historias de vida y las identidades son construidas. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar temáticas frecuentes en los eventos de vida considerados importantes por jóvenes universitarios. Participaron 287 universitarios con edades entre 18 y 35 años (M = 22,55; DE = 5,88), respondiendo a un cuestionario en el que relataron los siete eventos más importantes de sus vidas. Valencia emocional, importancia, prevalencia y edad en la que ocurrieron los eventos fueron atribuidos por los participantes a sus eventos de vida. Los eventos citados fueron considerados positivos en su mayoría, un resultado congruente con la literatura sobre memoria autobiográfica. Las tres categorías más citadas comprenden temáticas relacionadas a la exploración de la identidad y de las posibilidades, características marcantes de la adultez emergente. (AU)


Subject(s)
Psychology, Developmental , Social Identification , Life , Comprehension , Memory
13.
Vínculo ; 17(1): 119-137, jan.-jun. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1127524

ABSTRACT

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é relatar a experiência de um grupo operativo temático com universitários que utilizou uma peça literária (conto) como objeto mediador, problematizando o uso deste dispositivo como um meio de cuidado em saúde mental na universidade. Realiza-se a análise de uma sessão do grupo operativo com o tema "família" à luz do referencial teórico da psicanálise vincular e do trabalho com grupos em instituições. Resultados: a constituição dos grupos levou em consideração as especificidades do público universitário e o vínculo com a instituição; o conto é um objeto cultural pré-constituído que mobiliza o pré-consciente e favorece os processos de simbolização; a escolha do conto como objeto mediador nos grupos relatados está em consonância com a tarefa primária da instituição universitária; o dispositivo apresentado constituiu-se como espaço de simbolização das experiências vividas na universidade e nas relações interpessoais, com potencial para a elaboração do sofrimento psíquico do jovem universitário. O grupo mediado por contos mostrou-se como um dispositivo de cuidado em saúde mental dos universitários a ser investigado e sistematizado, tendo em vista a ampliação da preocupação com os agravos à saúde mental na instituição universitária.


The general objective of this paper is to report the experience of a thematic operative group with university students who used a literary piece (short story) as a mediator object, problematizing the use of this device as a means of mental health care in the university. It is performed the analysis of a session of the operative group with the theme "family" in the light of the theoretical framework of psychoanalysis linkage and the work with groups in institutions. Results: the constitution of the groups took into account the specificities of the university public and the bond with the institution; the short story is a pre-constituted cultural object that mobilizes the preconscious and favors the processes of symbolization; the choice of the short story as a mediator object in the reported groups is in line with the primary task of the university institution; the presented device was constituted as a space of symbolization of the experiences lived in the university and in the interpersonal relations, with potential for the elaboration of the psychic suffering of the young university student. The group mediated by short stories proved to be a mental health care device for university students to be investigated and systematized, with a view to increasing concern about mental health problems in the university institution.


El objetivo general de este trabajo es informar la experiencia de un grupo operativo temático con estudiantes universitarios que utilizaron una pieza literaria (cuento) como objeto mediador, problematizando el uso de este dispositivo como un medio de atención de salud mental en la universidad. El análisis de una sesión del grupo operativo con el tema "familia" se realiza a la luz del marco teórico del psicoanálisis vincular y del trabajo con grupos en instituciones. Resultados: la constitución de los grupos tuvo en cuenta las especificidades del público universitario y el vínculo con la institución; el cuento es un objeto cultural preconstituido que estimula el preconsciente y favorece los procesos de simbolización; la elección del cuento como objeto mediador en los grupos informados está en línea con la tarea principal de la institución universitaria; el dispositivo presentado se constituyó como un espacio de simbolización de las experiencias vividas en la universidad y en las relaciones interpersonales, con potencial para la elaboración del sufrimiento psíquico del joven universitario. El grupo mediado por cuentos demostró ser un dispositivo de cuidado en la salud mental para estudiantes universitarios para ser investigado y sistematizado, tiendo en cuenta el aumento de la preocupación por los problemas de salud mental en la institución universitaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anxiety , Psychoanalysis , Social Adjustment , Stress, Psychological , Students , Universities , Mental Health , Student Health , Interpersonal Relations , Object Attachment
14.
Rev. bras. orientac. prof ; 21(1): 29-39, jan.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1126078

ABSTRACT

A avaliação da eficácia de ferramentas em aconselhamento de carreira é importante para fundamentar uma prática baseada em evidências. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do Minha História de Carreira (MHC) - adaptado para uso online - como uma ferramenta de aconselhamento de carreira oferecida a pessoas indecisas em relação à escolha de um curso superior. A amostra foi composta por 7 participantes que responderam a instrumentos pré e pós-intervenção. Escores médios do grupo foram comparados através de testes t para medidas repetidas e resultados individuais foram analisados a fim de descrever outras variações nos escores. De modo geral, os resultados apontaram mudanças significativas em indicadores de desenvolvimento de carreira, principalmente adaptabilidade de carreira.


The assessment of the efficacy in career counseling is important to substantiate evidence-based practices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of My Career Story (MCS) - adapted to be used online - as a career counseling tool offered to people that are in doubt about their path in college. The sample had 7 participants that answered to instruments pre- e post-intervention. Mean scores were compared using a t-test for repeated measures, and individual results were analyzed, meaning to describe other variations on scores. Overall, the results point to significant changes in career development indicators, mostly in career adaptability.


La evaluación de la eficacia de las herramientas en la orientación profesional es importante para fundamentar una práctica basada en evidencias. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de My Career Story (MCS), adaptada para ser utilizada en línea, como una herramienta de orientación profesional que se ofrece a personas indecisas en relación a la elección de un curso superior. La muestra estuvo conformada por 7 participantes que respondieron a instrumentos antes y después de la intervención. Las medias de las puntuaciones de los grupos fueron comparadas mediante test t para medidas repetidas, y los resultados individuales se analizaron con el fin de describir otras variaciones en los puntajes. En general, los resultados apuntaron a cambios significativos en los indicadores de desarrollo profesional, principalmente en la adaptabilidad de carrera.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Mentors , Career Choice , Counseling
15.
REVISA (Online) ; 9(4): 792-803, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146086

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar a frequência de produtos legislativos propostos pela Dra. Enf. Rosalda Paim, enquanto Deputada Estadual junto à Assembléia Legislativa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ), entre os anos de 1983 a 1987. Método: Estudo documental e de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram adquiridos junto a Câmara dos Deputados (CD) e da ALERJ. Resultados: Foram identificados 363 produtos legislativos, sendo os mesmos constituídos por 30% (n=109) projetos de lei, 29,2% (n=106) indicações legislativas, 17,1% (n=62) monções, 6,3% (n=23) requerimentos sem número, 6,1% (n=22) leis estaduais, 5,8% (n=21) projetos de resolução, 5% (n=18) requerimentos, 0,3% (n=1) proposta de emenda constitucional e 0,3% (n=1) projeto de lei complementar. Considerações finais: No decurso da legislatura analisada, se constituiu enquanto profícua a elaboração de produtos legislativos pela Dra. Rosalda Paim, sendo a mesma intimamente responsável pela elaboração da Lei do Exercício Profissional de Enfermagem (LEPE) de número 7.498/86.


Objective: To analyze the frequency of legislative products proposed by Dr. Enf. Rosalda Paim, as State Deputy with the Legislative Assembly of the State of Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ), between 1983 to 1987. Method: Study classified as documentary and with a quantitative approach. The data were acquired from the Chamber of Deputies (CD) and ALERJ. Results: 363 legislative products were identified, the same being constituted by 30% (n=109) bills, 29.2% (n=106) legislative indications, 17.1% (n=62) monsoons, 6.3 % (n=23) unnumbered requirements, 6.1% (n=22) state laws, 5.8% (n=21) draft resolutions, 5% (n=18) requirements, 0.3% (n=1) proposed constitutional amendment and 0.3% (n=1) complementary bill. Final considerations: In the course of the analyzed legislature, the elaboration of legislative products by Dr. Rosalda Paim constituted itself as fruitful, being the same one intimately responsible for the elaboration of the Law of Professional Nursing Practice (LEPE) number 7.498/86.


Objetivo: Analizar la frecuencia de los productos legislativos propuestos por el Dr. Enf. Rosalda Paim, como Diputada de Estado de la Asamblea Legislativa del Estado de Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ), entre 1983 a 1987. Método: Estudio clasificado como documental y con enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos fueron adquiridos de la Cámara de Diputados (CD) y ALERJ. Resultados: Se identificaron 363 productos legislativos, los mismos constituidos por 30% (n=109) proyectos de ley, 29,2% (n=106) indicaciones legislativas, 17,1% (n=62) monzones, 6,3 % (n=23) requisitos no numerados, 6.1% (n=22) leyes estatales, 5.8% (n=21) proyectos de resolución, 5% (n=18) requisitos, 0.3% (n=1) propuesta de reforma constitucional y 0,3% (n=1) proyecto de ley complementario. Consideraciones finales: Durante la legislatura analizada, la elaboración de productos legislativos por parte de la Dra. Rosalda Paim se constituyó como fructífera, siendo la misma íntima responsable de la elaboración de la Ley de Práctica Profesional de Enfermería (LEPE) número 7.498/86


Subject(s)
Politics , Government , History of Nursing
16.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-200984

ABSTRACT

Background: Children are the most vulnerable and easily influence able part of society and thus when subjected to health education the knowledge they gain and the practices they develop are more likely to stay with them throughout their life hence the study was done to assess the impact of health education among school students.Methods: Educational intervention study was carried out in three primary schools in Hoskote, rural Bangalore among 9-11 years school children. Initial survey was done to assess the KAP levels in 9 to 11 years old school children regarding prevention of common childhood disease and intervention was done using an interactive story board to provide health education and impact of intervention was assessed.Results: The study comprised of 200 students (112 boys and 88 girls). It was found that overall general knowledge and attitude regarding prevention of common childhood diseases was poor among the study participants. Following educational sessions using interactive story board (edutainment) a significant improvement was observed in knowledge and attitude of the students as detected by improved correct response rates.Conclusions: Interactive story board was successful in providing educational intervention in 9 to 11 year old school children which may help to prevent common avoidable childhood diseases.

17.
Trends Psychol ; 27(1): 219-232, Jan.-Mar. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-991764

ABSTRACT

Abstract The present study investigated the justifications' effects, presented in children's stories, on the installment and maintenance of targeted behaviors: to copy, to answer and to present the exercise and competitive activities. Four children were exposed to three phases. In Phase 1, baseline, the registration of the target behaviors' events was made. Phase 2 was constituted of six steps. In each step, at the beginning, the experimenter would read a children's story with Type 5 justification that indicated the advantages of studying mathematics in the Steps 1, 2 and 5, and portuguese in the Steps 3, 4 and 6. Then, the teacher would write the exercise on the board and would request the students to copy, to answer and to present the exercise finished. Afterwards, the registration of the target behaviors' events was made for 30 minutes. In Phase 3 (Follow-up), fulfilled two months after Phase 2, it wasn't presented stories with justifications. The registration of targeted behaviors was made. In Phase 2, it occurred higher duration of activities to copy and to answer the exercise and lower duration of competitive activities. In Phase 3, occurred the opposite. It's suggested that, besides justifications, other variables contributed to maintain the observed behaviors.


Resumo O estudo investigou os efeitos de justificativas, apresentadas em histórias infantis, sobre a instalação e manutenção dos comportamentos alvos: copiar, responder e apresentar o exercício e atividades concorrentes. Quatro crianças foram expostas a três fases. Na Fase 1, linha de base, era feito o registro de eventos dos comportamentos alvos. A Fase 2 era constituída de seis passos. Em cada passo, no início, a experimentadora lia uma história infantil com justificativa do Tipo 5 que indicava as vantagens de se estudar matemática, nos Passos 1, 2 e 5, e português, nos Passos 3, 4 e 6. Depois, a professora escrevia o exercício na lousa e pedia para os alunos copiarem, responderem e apresentarem o exercício respondido. Em seguida, era feito um registro de eventos dos comportamentos alvos durante 30 min. Na Fase 3 (Follow-up), realizada dois meses após a Fase 2, não eram apresentadas histórias com justificativas. Era feito um registro de eventos dos comportamentos alvos durante 30 min. Na Fase 2, houve elevação da duração das atividades de copiar e responder o exercício e diminuição da duração das atividades concorrentes. Na Fase 3, ocorreu o inverso. Sugere-se que, além de justificativas, outras variáveis contribuíram para manter os comportamentos observados.


Resumen Se investigó los efectos de justificaciones sobre la instalación y mantenimiento de los comportamientos objetivos: copiar, responder y presentar el ejercicio y actividades concurrentes. Cuatro niños fueron expuestos a tres fases. En Fase 1, línea de base, se hacía el registro de eventos de los comportamientos objetivos. Fase 2 estaba constituida de seis pasos. En cada paso, al principio, la experimentadora leía una historia infantil con justificación del Tipo 5 que indicaba las ventajas de estudiar matemáticas en Pasos 1, 2 y 5, y portugués en los Pasos 3, 4 y 6. Después, la profesora escribía el ejercicio en la pizarra y pedía a los alumnos copiar, responder y presentar el ejercicio respondido. En seguida, se hacía el registro de eventos de los comportamientos objetivos durante 30 min. En Fase 3 (Follow-up), realizada dos meses después de la Fase 2, no se presentaban historias con justificaciones. Se hacía el registro de los comportamientos objetivos. En Fase 2, hubo elevación de la duración de las actividades de copiar y responder el ejercicio y disminución de la duración de las actividades concurrentes. En Fase 3, ocurrió lo contrario. Se sugiere que, además de justificaciones, otras variables contribuyeron a mantener los comportamientos observados.

18.
Rev. psicanal ; 26(2)2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1016778

ABSTRACT

Kafka leu Freud e estava interessado na psicanálise, mesmo acreditando que não havia cura para aquilo que era essencialmente o problema da existência. Como sempre acontece com artistas criativos, o escritor é o seu próprio psicanalista, e o processo concreto da escrita constitui uma maneira de auto-revelação. O objetivo deste artigo é, partindo de duas histórias (A metamorfose e Um médico rural), considerar a forma com que Kafka utiliza o conflito edípico com o seu pai ou com os valores recebidos (a lei) como ponto de partida para o tipo de ferida que resulta na escrita criativa. Para ele, a ferida tornou-se uma espécie de mito pessoal, associando-se com outros estímulos dolorosos, inclusive a sua tuberculose e os relacionamentos amorosos complicados, mas, em especial, com a sua identidade de escritor. O processo de escrita e o valor de fé que ele demanda é uma metáfora subjacente às narrativas da vida onírica interior de Kafka. Existem paralelos aqui com a filosofia psicanalítica de Bion do sofrimento e do alojamento da psique


Kafka read Freud and was interested in psychoanalysis but believed there was no cure for what was essentially the problem of living. As always with creative artists, the writer is his own psychoanalyst, and the very process of writing is a way of self-revelation. The aim of this paper is to consider, in relation to two stories (The metamorphosis and A country doctor), Kafka's use of this background oedipal conflict with his father or received values (the law) as a bottom line for the type of wound that results in creative writing. The wound for him became a kind of personal myth, and was also associated with other painful stimuli, including his tuberculosis and his troubled love affairs, but above all with his identity as a writer. The writing process and the faith-value it demands is an underlying metaphor behind these narratives of Kafka's dream-like inner life. There are parallels here with Bion's psychoanalytic philosophy of suffering and 'psyche-lodgement'


Kafka leyó a Freud y estaba interesado en el psicoanálisis, pero creía que no había cura para aquello que era esencialmente el problema de la existencia. Como siempre sucede con artistas creativos, el escritor es su propio psicoanalista, y el proceso concreto de la escritura constituye una manera de autorrevelación. El objetivo de este artículo es considerar, partiendo de dos historias (La metamorfosis y Un médico rural), el uso que Kafka hace de este fondo edípico en conflicto con su padre o los valores recibidos (la ley) como punto trampolín para el tipo de herida que se traduce en la escritura creativa. Para él, la herida se convirtió en una especie de mito personal, asociándose con otros estímulos dolorosos, como su tuberculosis y sus problemas amorosos, pero en especial con su identidad de escritor. El proceso de escritura y el valor de fe que exige es una metáfora subyacente detrás de las narrativas de la vida onírica interior de Kafka. Hay paralelos aquí con la filosofía psicoanalítica de Bion del sufrimiento y del alojamiento de la psique


Subject(s)
Object Attachment , Psycholinguistics
19.
Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders ; : 96-104, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-763640

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Korean version of Story Memory (SM) in the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, 2nd Edition: Expanded Version (K-MMSE-2: EV) was developed. Based on the SM, we additionally developed a full version of SM including delayed recall (DR) and recognition adding to immediate recall (IR). This study aimed to examine the reliabilities and validities of the newly developed SM in the K-MMSE-2: EV and its full version. METHODS: Ninety-five healthy elderly individuals (HE), 90 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 53 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) participated in the study. They were administered the full version of SM with the Seoul Verbal Learning Test-Elderly's version (SVLT-E) and Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). In addition, the SM was re-administered to 51 participants after a 5-week interval. Two clinical neuropsychologists independently rated the performance of 50 participants. RESULTS: The test-retest reliabilities of the IR, DR, and recognition of the SM were statistically significant. The inter-rater reliabilities (Cohen's kappa) were high (0.87–1.00) for all the measures. The IR, DR, and recognition of SM had significant positive correlations with those of the SVLT-E and RCFT. Significant group differences in IR and DR of SM were found among the HE, aMCI, and DAT groups. The recognition scores were significantly different between the aMCI and DAT groups, but not between the HE and aMCI groups. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed full version of SM in the K-MMSE-2: EV was proven to be a reliable and valid memory measure for clinical use.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Dementia , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Cognitive Dysfunction , Seoul , Verbal Learning
20.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-195708

ABSTRACT

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) constitute a significant public health problem globally. In India, the entire population is prone to IDDs due to deficiency of iodine in the soil of the sub-continent and thus both animal and plant source food grown on the iodine-deficient soil. IDDs encompass the spectrum of disability and disease and include goitre, cretinism, hypothyroidism, abortion, stillbirth, brain damage, learning disabilities, mental retardation, psychomotor defects, hearing and speech impairment. Iodine deficiency is known to be the single largest cause of preventable brain damage. IDDs with their causal association with brain development, cognition, and learning disabilities impair the human resource development and progress of the country. The children born in iodine-deficient regions on an average have 13.5 intelligence quotient (IQ) points lesser than children born in iodine-sufficient regions. IDD control programme in India is a public health success story, with 92 per cent of the population consuming iodized salt. The partnership between government agencies, academic institutions, salt industry, development agencies and civil society has been key to achieve this success story. The sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency in India is within reach, what is required is accelerated and coordinated effort by all key stakeholder at national and State level.

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