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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a Structured Clinical Interview for Internet Gaming Disorder (SCI-IGD) in adolescents. METHODS: First, we generated preliminary items of the SCI-IGD based on the information from the DSM-5 literature reviews and expert consultations. Next, a total of 236 adolescents, from both community and clinical settings, were recruited to evaluate the psychometric properties of the SCI-IGD. RESULTS: First, the SCI-IGD was found to be consistent over the time period of about one month. Second, diagnostic concordances between the SCI-IGD and clinician's diagnostic impression were good to excellent. The Likelihood Ratio Positive and the Likelihood Ratio Negative estimates for the diagnosis of SCI-IGD were 10.93 and 0.35, respectively, indicating that SCI-IGD was ‘very useful test’ for identifying the presence of IGD and ‘useful test’ for identifying the absence of IGD. Third, SCI-IGD could identify disordered gamers from non-disordered gamers. CONCLUSION: The implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Diagnosis , Immunoglobulin D , Internet , Psychometrics , Referral and ConsultationABSTRACT
Objective To compare the identifiability for depressive symptoms using different instruments while interviewing with different respondents in suicide prevention research in China. Methods One hundred and fifty-one suicide death cases (suicide group) and one hundred and twenty suicide attempt cases (attempt group) were recruited. For each identified cases, one family member proxy respondent, and another associate proxy respondent (friend or neighbor) and suicide attempter (only for attempt group) were interviewed separately by qualified psychiatrists. The Di-agnostic Screening Instrument for Depression (DSID) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders (SCID-Ⅰ) were administered to each respondent to identify the depressive symptoms based on diagnostic criteria for major depressive episode in DSM-Ⅳ. Data collected from family members and associate respondents were merged as proxy data. The concordances of the DSID and SCID-Ⅰfor identifying depressive symptoms, meeting for criteria of Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and Mild and Major Depressive Episode (MMDE), were calculated based on different respondents' data. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE, were compared among merged proxy data, family member respondent's data, and associate respondent's data in suicide group and attempt group, and between self-respondent's data and merged proxy data in suicide attempt group. Results In suicide group, based on merged proxy data, the prevalence of MDE was 41.1%(62 cases) for DSID and 41.7%(63 cases) for SCID-Ⅰ, and the Kappa coeffi-cient was 0.77. Based on suicide attempters' self-raported data, the prevalence of MDE was 23.7% (27 cases) and 22.0% (24 cases) for DSID and SCID-Ⅰ respectively, with a Kappa of 0.74. Based on merged proxy report in attempt group, 16 (13.3%) and 15 (12.5%) cases were met for criteria of MDE (Kappa=0.89), using the 2 instruments. In both of the suicide and attempt groups, the merged proxy data got higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE than that only based on family respondent's data or associate's respondent's data using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Compared with merged proxy data, attempters' self-reported data got higher prevalence of MMD and MMDE using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Conclusions Based on same respondent's data, SCID-Ⅰ performs as well as DSID in identifying depressive symptoms. Collecting data from 2 respondents would get higher prevalence of MDE or MMDE than only from one family member or one associate. In attempt group, the prevalence of MDE or MMDE based on merged proxy data were lower than that based on attempters' self-reported data.
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Introducción: El abordaje de los problemas de salud mental de la población colombiana hace necesario disponer de instrumentos diagnósticos válidos, fáciles de aplicar y comparables (local e internacionalmente). Objetivo: Comparar la sensibilidad y la especificidad diagnóstica entre el CIDI 3.0 y el SCID-! para el trastorno depresivo mayor, el trastorno afectivo bipolar I y II y el trastorno por dependencia de sustancias. Metodología: Estudio transversal que comparó en 100 sujetos las prevalencias de vida de tres trastornos mentales por medio del CIDI 3.0 y el SCID-I. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética Institucional. Se midieron la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo y el valor predictivo negativo (con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%) de las dos entrevistas diagnósticas. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el software SPSS® versión 21.0. Resultados: La mediana de edad fue 43,5 [intervalo intercuartílico, 30] anos. La sensibilidad (Se) y la especificidad (Es) más altas se observaron en el diagnóstico de trastorno por dependencia de drogas -Se, 80% (IC95%, 34,94%-100%); Es, 98,46% (IC95%, 94,7%-100%)-. Conclusiones: El SCID-I y el CIDI 3.0 mostraron diferentes niveles de sensibilidad y especificidad para los tres trastornos estudiados así: altas para el trastorno por dependencia de sustancias, moderadas para el trastorno afectivo bipolar I y II y bajas para el trastorno depresivo mayor.
Introduction: In order to address the mental health problems of the Colombian population it is necessary to have diagnostic tools (local and international) that are valid, easy to apply, and comparable. Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity between the CIDI 3.0 and the SCID-I for major depressive disorder, bipolar I and II disorder, and substance dependence disorder. Methodology: Cross-sectional study comparing the life prevalence of three mental disorders in 100 subjects using the CIDI 3.0 and the SCID-I. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The two diagnostic interviews were performed that measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value with confidence intervals of 95%. The SPSS version 21.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The median age was 43.5 years, with an interquartile interval of 30 years. The highest sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) was observed for drug dependence diagnosis - with 80%, (95%CI, 34.94-100), and 98.46 (95%CI, 94.7-100), respectively. Conclusions: SCID-I and CIDI 3.0 showed different levels of sensitivity and specificity for the three disorders studied with: high for substance dependence disorder, moderate for bipolar disorder I and II, and low for major depressive disorder.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Software , Mental Health , Health Surveys , Mental Disorders , Research , Bipolar Disorder , Cross-Sectional Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Ethics Committees , Substance-Related Disorders , Depressive Disorder, Major , Data AnalysisABSTRACT
El propósito de ésta investigación fue establecer la frecuencia de trastornos neuropsiquiátricos en estudiantes universitarios con bajo rendimiento académico de la Universidad San Buenaventura de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia). De una población de 300 estudiantes se calculó una muestra aleatoria de 39 sujetos con problemas académicos de diferentes carreras, lo cual correspondió al 13 % de la población, para detectar trastornos cuya frecuencia fuera superior al 2%, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y un poder del 80%. Se utilizó una entrevista estructurada neuropsiquiátrica para adultos (MINI-Plus). Los trastornos que se presentaron con más frecuencia fueron depresión mayor (10.3%) y riesgo de suicidio (10.3%). El 61.5% de los estudiantes de la muestra no reunió criterios para ningún tipo de diagnóstico psiquiátrico.
The purpose of this research was to establish the frequency of neuropsychiatric disorders in college students with poor academic achievement of San Buenaventura University in Medellin- Colombia. From a population of 300 students, a random sample of 39 subjects with academic difficulties from different undergraduate programs which corresponds to 13% of the population was taken, in order to detect disorders with a frequency upper than 2%, a confidence level of 95 % and a power of 80 %. A neuropsychiatric structured interview for adults (Mini-PLUS) was used. 61.5% did not show any neuropsychiatric diagnosis; however, 10.3% presented major depression criteria, and 10.3% suicide risk.
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Objective: To evaluate the false positive rate and false negative rate of the Chinese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the related factors in the epidemiological survey of mental ill-nesses in Zhejiang Province. Method: A total of 15000 subjects were randomly selected from the province-wide using multi-stage stratified cluster randomization. Analyses for this paper were made in the quality control sample,10% of the total 15000 subjects (1510 subjects) in which the Chinese version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders (SCID) was used as a golden criterion, and a cutoff score of the GHQ-12 was set to ≥ 3 to define GHQ-12 cases. Results: Totally 1449 subjects (96.0%) completed both the GHQ-12 and the SCID. Adjusted for sampling effects, the false positive and negative rates of the GHQ-12 were respective 14.6% and7.8%. Adjusted for other considered correlates and sampling effects, the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of GHQ-12 false positive with living in less economically developed urban areas (urban type Ⅱ), with self-reportedly poor physical health, with having ever sought help because of mental problems and with being currently married/co-habited were respective 2.23 (95% CI:1.24～4.01), 2.36(1.36～4.10), 1.53 (1.10～2.14) and 0.51 (0.30～0.86) while AORs of GHQ-12 false negative with being aged 35～49 year group and living in less econom-ically developed rural areas (rural type Ⅲ) were respective 2.59 (1.18～5.67) and 2.72 (1.21～6.14). Conclusion:Factors related to the GHQ-12 false positive and negative are different. The cutoff scores of the GHQ-12 should be used based on the characteristics of subjects during identifying or screening mental illnesses.