ABSTRACT
Subclinical endometritis (SCE) is the inflammation of endometrium without systemic illness, hence remains mostly undiagnosed and untreated. The early diagnosis necessitates the evaluation of important risk factors. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of SCE and their effects on reproductive performance of Nili-Ravi buffalo. 100 buffaloes approaching parturition were selected. During calving, various risk factors viz., type of calving, peri-parturient disorders, sex and birth weight of calf, gestation period and season of calving were recorded. Buffaloes were subjected to endometrial cytology using cytobrush method on 45 day postpartum (DPP) and divided into 2 groups viz., buffaloes ‘with SCE’ (>5% PMN; n=38) and ‘without SCE’ (≤5% PMN; n=62). Buffaloes in estrus were artificially inseminated and fertility parameters were recorded. The occurrence of SCE was significantly affected by calving assistance (OR=11.74; P<0.001), peri-parturient disorders (OR=6.87; P<0.05) and gestation period (OR=1.16; P<0.05). Sex, birth weight of calf and season of calving were not associated with SCE. The service period of buffaloes did not vary between two groups. The median days open was significantly (P<0.05) higher in buffaloes with as compared to buffaloes without SCE (141 vs. 117 d). Buffaloes with SCE had significantly (P<0.05) lower first service conception (21.1 vs. 43.5%) and took more (P<0.05) mean number of services per conception (2.71 vs. 1.62) compared to buffaloes without the SCE. It may be concluded that risk factors around the time of calving control the onset of SCE which in turn has negative impact on reproductive performance of Nili-Ravi buffaloes
ABSTRACT
A total 500 cows were randomly selected from college livestock farm, Kuthuliya and different villages in and around Rewa (M.P.). After recording history all the animals were subjected to gynaeco-clinical examination, Whiteside test and endometrial cytology by cytobrush technique. On the basis of above tests performed all the animals were selected for the study. They were divided into three groups as follows: Normal (n=280), Clinical endometritis (n=80) and Subclinical endometritis (n=140). All the animals were subjected to aseptic collection of uterine fluid by low volume lavage technique. Uterine fluid samples obtained were used for microbial assay and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Among the bacterial isolates Staphylococcus species (36.31%) was highly prevalent. The antibiotic sensitivity of isolates was found to be maximum for ceftriaxone and sulbactum combination 91.67 per cent followed by levofloxacin 89.07, ciprofloxacin 79.69, ceftriaxone 73.43, enrofloxacin 61.45 and gentamicin 56.78 per cent, respectively. It was concluded that Staphylococcus species was highly prevalent bacteria isolated and a combination of ceftriaxone and sulbactum was found to be highly sensitive