ABSTRACT
Objetivo: descrever a anatomia da fossa submandibular em mandíbulas dentadas e desdentadas, através da análise de imagens de tomografias de feixe cônico. Material e métodos: 60 tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC) de mandíbulas de pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos, dentados e desdentados, que procuraram o curso de especialização em Implantodontia da Univali, foram selecionadas aleatoriamente para este estudo. Cinco regiões da mandíbula (C1 a C5), distais ao forâmen mentual, até a região do trígono retromolar, com intervalos de 5 mm entre si, foram selecionadas e mensuradas. A anatomia da fossa submandibular foi caracterizada e avaliada em sete medidas, sendo que as mais importantes para a avaliação cirúrgica prévia à instalação de implantes foram a largura da fossa (B), a altura da fossa (F) e a altura do rebordo alveolar sobre a fossa (E). Todas as imagens foram analisadas por apenas um avaliador. Resultados: entre pacientes dentados x desdentados, as faixas de valores foram, respectivamente: medida B (4,7 mm a 5,3 mm x 3,4 mm a 3,7 mm), medida F (15,2 mm a 15,5 mm x 11,9 mm - 12,5 mm), e medida E (8,7 mm a 9,8 mm x 5,4 mm a 6,3 mm). Nos intervalos de C1 a C5, as medidas B, F, e E foram diferentes estatisticamente entre pacientes dentados e desdentados (teste t não paramétrico, valores p < 0,05 e p < 0,01). Conclusão: dentro dos limites deste estudo, a fossa mandibular tem suas dimensões maiores nos dentados do que nos pacientes desdentados, principalmente na altura do rebordo alveolar. Isso aumenta a chance de perfuração em mandíbulas em que houve a extração de um elemento dental na região da fossa submandibular e a instalação imediata de um implante dentário. Entretanto, amostras maiores são necessárias para confirmar esses achados.
Objectives: to describe the anatomy of the submandibular fossa in dentate and edentulous mandibles using a CBCT protocol. Material and methods: 60 CBCT exams of adult patients seeking the Implant Dentistry course of Univali, from both sexes, were random selected in this study. Five mandibular regions (C1 to C5), distal to the mental foramina and to the retromolar region, at 5mm intervals each, were selected and measured. The anatomy of the submandibular fossa was characterized and evaluated by seven parameters, being the most important the fossa width (B), fossa height (F), and the height of the alveolar ridge over the fossa (E). All images were evaluated by the same person. Results: for dentate and edentulous patients, the range of values were: B (4.7 mm-5.3 mm x 3.4 mm-3.7 mm), F (15.2 mm-15.5 mm x 11.9 mm-12.5 mm), and E (8.7 mm-9.8 mm x 5.4 mm-6.3 mm) For C1 and C5, B, F, and E values were statistically different between dentate and edentulous patients (non-parametric t test, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Conclusion: within the limits of this study, the submandibular fossa dimensions are larger for dentate and edentulous individuals, mainly at the height of the alveolar ridge. This increases the chance of mandibular perforation at fresh extraction sites and immediate dental implant placement. However, large samples are required to confirm these findings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the anatomic morphology of submandibular fossa. Methods Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to analyze the anatomic morphology of submandibular fossa. Implants of various dimensions were virtually placed into the mandibular 1st and 2nd molar region. Spatial relationships among submandibular fossa , mandibular canal and implant were analyzed. Results The depth of the submandibular fossa was (1.0 ± 0.61)mm in the 1st molar region and (1.5 ± 0.61)mm in the 2nd molar region. There were no significant statistical difference in genders, sides, and tooth loss. The length of the implants was (19.7 ± 3.75)mm (d = 4 mm) and (18.6 ± 3.73)mm (d = 5 mm) in the 1st molar region and (16.2 ± 3.46) mm (d = 4 mm) and (15.2 ± 3.09)mm (d = 5 mm) in the 2nd molar region in patiens with teeth and lingual perforation; the length of the implants was (17.1 ± 3.77)mm (d = 4 mm) and (15.6 ± 3.85)mm (d = 5 mm), and (14.2 ± 4.05)mm (d = 4 mm) and (13.2 ± 4.27)mm (d = 5 mm) in patients with tooth loss, respectively. Conclusions Determination of spatial relationships among submandibular fossa , mandibular canal and implants by using CBCT has important significance in guiding dental implant surgery.