Three dimensionally reconstructed of the mandibular incisive canal by CBCT / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To find out the existence of Mandibular Incisive Canal (MIC) through CBCT scanning and measure its 3D relationship with the surrounding tissue, so as to provide protection for the operation in submental area. @*Methods@# CBCT images of 100 patients were measured and three dimensionally reconstructed. The measurement include following items, the existence of the MIC; vertical and horizontal diameter of MIC; vertical distance from MIC to the mandibular buccal and lingual wall; to the root apex, to the inferior border of mandible and alveolar crest in corresponding points (the mandibular first premolar, canine and incisor). @*Results @# the MIC was 100% visible in CBCT. The mean distance between MIC and buccal bone plate and lingual bone plate was 3.52 ± 0.54 mm and 5.37 ± 0.25 mm. The average distance from the inferior border of the mandible, the apex of the root and the crest of the alveolar bone was 10.44 ± 0.61 mm、10.57 ± 0.76 mm and 20.21 ± 0.83 mm relatively. The distance from MIC to the inferior border of the mandible in male was 10.70 ± 0.43 mm and 10.17 ± 0.63 mm in female, P<0.05. @*Conclusion @# The detection rate of MIC is high and there are many variations. It was suggested that the location and size of the MIC should be checked in CBCT in each patient before operation, which is helpful to avoid surgical complications in submental area.

Proposal of the New Term 'Leukoderma Nuchae' to Describe the Whitish Patch in the Spared Zone of Poikiloderma of Civatte to Differentiate It from Vitiligo / 대한피부과학회지

Poikiloderma of Civatte (PC) is a common, acquired condition that affects the face, neck, and upper chest of elderly persons due to life-long sun exposure. Poikiloderma describes skin manifestations of atrophic and telangiectatic lesions with pigmentary changes. We experienced three cases of patients who visited our department due to whitish patches on the anterior neck, which had been treated as vitiligo at private dermatological clinics. The patches mimicked vitiligo to the naked eye due to their color and relatively well-demarcated margin, but they were not accentuated under Wood's light. On MART-1 staining, there was no loss of melanocytes in the basal cell layer of the epidermis. Leukoderma on the anterior neck might be produced due to contrast with the neighboring skin showing PC. Based on our experiences, we propose a new dermatological term, 'leukoderma nuchae (LN)', to describe the spared zone of PC, to aid in differentiating this condition from vitiligo.

Transversus menti muscle in a thai cadaver / Músculo transversus menti en un cadaver tailandés

In submental and around the mouth areas, the superfacial muscles are considered in surgery of some deformities of mouth angle. Herein, we report a rare case of the Transversus menti muscle (TM) in a Thai 74 year-old male cadaver. This TM originated from both sides of the oblique line of depressor anguli oris and formed as transverse fibers in submental area. Their fiber ran under the chin and was superficial to platysma muscle. The TM was innervated and supplied by mandibular branches of facial nerve and small branches of the submental artery. This report attempted to discuss the possible function and clinical significance of the TM.

Alrededor de la boca y en áreas submentonianas, los músculos superficiales son considerados en la cirugía de algunas deformidades del ángulo de la boca. Este estudio presenta un caso raro de músculo transversus menti (TM), en un cadáver tailandés de sexo masculino de 74 años de edad. El músculo TM se originó a partir de los dos lados de la línea oblicua del músculo depresor del ángulo oral y se formó como fibras transversales en el área submentoniana. Sus fibras se desplazaron debajo del mentón y superficialmente al platisma. El músculo TM estaba inervado e irrigado por ramos mandibulares de nervio facial y pequeñas ramas de la arteria submentoniana. Se discute su posible función y el significado clínico del músculo TM.