ABSTRACT
Esta pesquisa objetivou apreender as representações sociais da depressão de adolescentes do ensino médio, numa escola de João Pessoa, na Paraíba. Participaram deste estudo 11 sujeitos com idades entre 14 e 17 anos com sintomatologia depressiva, selecionados de um grupo de 296 adolescentes. Os instrumentos usados na pesquisa foram: o inventário da depressão infantil (children's depression inventory - CDI) e a entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados indicaram que a depressão está associada a sentimentos de tristeza, como desânimo e ideias suicidas, e a pessoas que não possuem iniciativas e não fazem planos para o futuro. Esses sentimentos podem estar associados a comportamentos de isolamento, à agressividade e à dificuldade de se relacionar com amigos e pares amorosos. Essas associações são resultados das vivências dos adolescentes e também das informações e representações vinculadas ao seu grupo de pertença, apontando para a necessidade de práticas preventivas e educacionais nas instituições de ensino.
The purpose of this research paper was to understand social representations of depression in high school adolescents in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba. The study included 11 subjects aged between 14 and 17 years with depressive symptons, selected from a group of 296 adolescents. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Semi- Structured Interview were two of the instruments used in the research, allowing results to indicate that depression is associated with feelings of sadness, such as discouragement and suicidal ideas; mostly those people without human initiatives and who don't make plans for the future. These feelings may be related to various behaviors, such as isolation, aggressiveness and difficulty to be friend someone or even establish relationships. These associations are a result of adolescents experiences, as well as information and representations linked to a youth group they belong, pointing out to the need for preventive and educational practices in educational institutions.
Esta investigación pretende aprovechar las representaciones sociales de la depresión adolescente de secundaria, un escuela de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Participaron en el estudio 11 adolescentes de edades compreendidas entre 14 y 17 años com sintomas depressivos, selecionado de um grupo de 296 adolescentes. Los instrumentos utilizados en la encuesta fueron: inventario de depresión (CDI infantil) y la entrevista de semi-structured. Los resultados indican que la depresión se asocia con sentimientos de tristeza, desánimo y ideacións suicidas; personas que no tienen iniciativas y no hacen planes para el futuro. Estos sentimientos pueden asociarse con aislamiento, conductas agresivas y la dificultad para relacionarse con amigos y parejas amorosas. Estas asociaciones son resultados de experiencias de adolescentes, tales como la información y las representaciones vinculadas a su grupo de pertenencia, apuntando a la necesidad de prácticas preventivas y educativas en las instituciones educativas.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Se realiza estudio descriptivo de pacientes adultos con epilepsia, con el objetivo de indicar la presencia de ideas suicidas y demostrar factores de riesgo, socio demográficos, biológicos, psicopatológicos, psicosociales y medicamentosos que influyen en estas. Métodos: Los 200 pacientes, se separan en: los que tienen ideas suicidas y los que no. A cada grupo se le estudian los factores sociodemográficos, biológicos, psicopatológicos, sociales y medicamentosos. Se utilizaron estadígrafos Fisher, OR y ANOVA. Resultados: Las ideas suicidas se presentaron en el 22.5 por ciento de los pacientes. Las variables sociodemográficas afectadas fueron: más en mujeres (p<0.05); y menos entre edades de 26 y 35 años (p<0.05). Las biológicas: más en los que tienen crisis focales complejas (p=0.0180) y en epilepsia focales temporales (p<0.001). Las psicopatológicos: más en pacientes con depresión, ansiedad, psicosis interictal y bajo CI (p<0.05); Las sociales: más en los que tienen mala adaptación emocional; interpersonal y ajuste económico (p menor 0.05). La variable medicamentosa que influyó en las ideas suicida fue el uso de la fenitoina (p<0.0001). Conclusiones: Las ideas suicidas tiene un elevada prevalencia en los pacientes adultos con epilepsia. Se relacionan estas ideas de una forma u otra con los tres grupos de factores estudiados.
Introduction: A study on 200 adult patients who attend to epilepsy, the general objective is do determine the suicidal risk and the presence of suicidal ideas; as well as to show the, socio demographic, biological, psychopathological, social and medicinal risk factors. Method : The patients was divided in those having suicidal ideas and without suicidal ideas. Social demographic, biological, psychopathology, psychosocial and medicinal factors were studied . Statistical method were used: Fisher, OR and ANOVA. Result: 25.5 percent the patients had suicidal ideas. The socio demographic variables related to suicidal ideas were: more tendency in female patients (p<0.05) a lower of suicidal ideas among 26-35 yearold patients (p<0.05). The biological variables related were: Complex focal crisis (p<0.05) and temporal focal epilepsy (p<0.001) was the most related to suicidal ideas. Psychopathological variables were. Among them, depression, anxiety, interictal psychosis, and cognitive disorders (p<0.05) were the most significant. Psychosocial variables were. Emotional, interpersonal and economic mal adjustment (p<0.05). Medicinal variables: Those patients using phenitoin were the most affected (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Although suicidal ideas in epileptic patients are most related to psychopathological disorders, biological, psychosocial, socio demographic and medicinal factor arealso important and they should be taken in to account.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Epilepsy/epidemiology , Epilepsy/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data , Age and Sex Distribution , Cuba/epidemiology , Demography , Ethnic Distribution , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Social Adjustment , Socioeconomic Factors , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: School students in India have a high stress level and high rate of deliberate self-harm. The present study was conducted to find out stress, psychological health, and presence of suicidal ideas in school students and to find out any correlation between these variables. Setting and Design: Cross-sectional study conducted on school students in urban area of Chandigarh city. Materials and Methods: Data was collected on 2402 students from classes VII to XII on socio-demographic scale, 12-item general health questionnaire, Mooney problem checklist, and suicide risk eleven -a visual analogue scale. Statistical analysis used was chi square and Spearman's correlation. Results: Out of 2402 students, 1078 (45.8%) had psychological problems, half (1201 students) perceived problems in their role as students, 930 (45%) reported academic decline, 180 (8.82%) students reported that life was a burden, 122 (6%) reported suicidal ideas and 8 (0.39%) students reported suicidal attempt. There was significant correlation between student's perception of life as a burden and class they were studying, mother's working status, psychological problems and problems students experienced in relation to study, peers, future planning and with parents. Conclusions: Students with academic problems and unsupportive environment at home perceived life as a burden and had higher rates of suicidal ideations.