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OBJECTIVE To systematically introduce the supply guarantee system of orphan drugs in South Korea， and to provide reference for improving the accessibility of orphan drugs in China. METHODS The basic characteristics and practical experience of supply guarantee system of orphan drugs in South Korea were summarized by studying the marketing incentive mechanism， reserve supply mechanism and emergency use mechanism. Then， based on the research on the current situation and existing problems of orphan drug supply in China， specific suggestions were put forward to improve the accessibility of orphan drugs in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS South Korea has effectively improved the accessibility of orphan drugs through orphan drug identification channels and supporting incentive policies， relying on the reserve supply mechanism and the import route for emergency use. Therefore， it is suggested that China should guarantee the normal supply of orphan drugs from three aspects： improving the recognition and incentive policy of orphan drugs， building a full-time management department of orphan drugs， and optimizing the temporary import path.
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OBJECTIVE：To provid e reference for the optimization and improvement of centralized volume-based procurement policy of drugs in China. METHODS ：Six provinces ，i.e. Hebei ，Jiangsu，Hainan，Henan，Jiangxi and Yunnan ，were randomly selected nationwide by random sampling to summarize and analyze the information of drug network withdrawal from Jan. 1st，2018 to Nov. 30th，2020. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Jiangsu province had the largest number of withdrawn products from the network，being 6 331；Yunnan province had the smallest ，being 101. Product price was the leading factor for drug network withdrawal，accounting for 89.12％；the second factor was product quality ，accounting for 7.06％；the third factor was the product supply，accounting for 2.91％. At present ，there were many problems in drug network withdrawal in China ，such as inconsistent withdrawal regulations in different regions ，unclear subjects of withdrawal behavior ，difficulty in sharing information of purchasing platforms in different regions ，unreasonable bidding rules of online drugs ，etc. Some suggestions are put forward to promote standardization of drug network withdrawal ，promote information sharing among provincial platforms ，actively develop drug price monitoring，support enterprises to make reasonable pricing based on cost ，strengthen departmental linkage and guarantee of drug supply so as to improve centralized volume-based procurement policy of drugs.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for introducing supply chain governance theory into essential medicine supply guarantee reform evaluation system in poverty and remote areas.METHODS:The literatures and reform policies in the field of essential medicine supply guarantee since the New Medical Reform were sorted out to analyze the problems and insufficiency of existing researches,and explore the feasibility of supply chain governance theory in the field of essential medicine supply guarantee.RESULTS:The research boundary of existing studies is not clear,and existing studies are lack of evaluation and analysis method,focus too much on using available data and the result of its quantitative,and lack of comprehensive analysis of combined quantitative and qualitative under theoretical framework.The introduction of supply chain governance theory reveal the mechanism of policy's effectiveness clearly,to provide the reference of policies' tendency.CONCLUSIONS:Through the establishment of theoretical framework based on supply chain governance theory,evaluation system will expand the study strategies and data collection technology in the field of drug circulation.Furthermore,supply chain governance theory and method can be generalized.It not only applies in poverty and remote areas and for the evaluation of essential medicine supply guarantee,but also can be used in the field of drug circulation reform.