Retalho triangular para reconstrução da papila mamária / Triangular flap for nipple reconstruction

Introdução: Apesar das muitas técnicas publicadas, há dificuldades para se atingir de forma satisfatória uma placa areolopapilar (PAP) com resultado duradouro a longo prazo. O objetivo é demonstrar resultados pela técnica do retalho cutâneo triangular nas reconstruções de papila e comparar com as técnicas já descritas na literatura. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo da reconstrução papilar pela técnica do retalho cutâneo triangular de 1 janeiro de 2015 a 1 de março de 2016. Técnica cirúrgica: Marcação em triângulo equilátero; decorticação dos três vértices do triângulo que são unidos em forma de envelope, com a área central aderida à neomama; Enxertia de pele total para confecção da neoareolar. Os pacientes foram avaliados e classificados como totalmente satisfatórios, satisfatórios, parcialmente satisfatórios ou insatisfatórios. Tipo de reconstrução mamária primária, realização de quimio ou radioterapia pós-operatórias ou neoadjuvantes, comorbidades, complicações pós-operatórias foram avaliados. Avaliação estatística por testes exato de Fisher, Qui quadrado e análise post hoc (p < 0,05 significativo). Resultados: Trinta e uma pacientes submetidas à reconstrução mamilar pela técnica do retalho cutâneo triangular, sendo 17 unilaterais e 14 bilaterais, totalizando 45 reconstruções. Média de idade de 50 anos, IMC médio de 24,95 kg/m2 e acompanhamento médio de 14 meses. Avaliados: dados demográficos, complicações dos pacientes versus o tipo de reconstrução primária mamária e realização de quimio e/ou radioterapia, tipos de reconstrução mamária realizados, avaliação das papilas versus reconstrução, avaliação da técnica de reconstrução papilar versus satisfação dos avaliadores e complicações papilares versus técnica de confecção. Conclusão: A técnica original do retalho cutâneo triangular apresenta as vantagens de fácil execução e segurança na reconstrução das placas areolopapilares.

Introduction: Despite the many published techniques, there are difficulties in satisfactorily achieving a nipple areola complex (NAC) with long-lasting results. The objective is to demonstrate results using the triangular cutaneous flap technique in nipple reconstructions and compare it with previously published techniques. Methods: A prospective study of nipple reconstruction using the triangular cutaneous flap technique from January 1, 2015, to March 1, 2016. Surgical technique: Marking of an equilateral triangle; decortication of the three points of the triangle that are united in the form of an envelope, with the central area adhered to the neo-breast; total skin grafting for construction of the areola. The patients were evaluated and results classified as fully satisfactory, satisfactory, partially satisfactory, or unsatisfactory. Primary type of breast reconstruction, postoperative or neoadjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy complications, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were evaluated. Statistical evaluation was performed using Fisher's exact test, chi-square test, and post hoc analysis (significance p < 0.05). Results: Thirty-one patients underwent nipple reconstruction using the triangular cutaneous flap technique, 17 unilateral and 14 bilateral, totaling 45 reconstructions. Mean age was 50 years, mean body mass index was 24.95 kg/m2, and mean follow-up period was 14 months. Rated: demographic data, complications of patients versus the type of primary breast reconstruction and completion of chemo- and/or radiotherapy, types of breast reconstruction performed, evaluation of the nipples versus reconstruction, evaluation of the nipple reconstruction technique versus satisfaction of evaluators, and nipple complications versus reconstruction technique. Conclusion: The original triangular cutaneous flap technique presents the advantages of easy execution and safety in reconstruction of the NAC.

Trastornos mucogingivales y su tratamiento, cinco años de seguimiento en pacientes matanceros / Mucogingival dysfunctions and its treatment, 5 years of following in patients from Matanzas

Introducción: la encía marginal, encía adherida, mucosa alveolar y unión mucogingival conforman el complejo mucogingival y las aberraciones adquiridas de la morfología, la posición y la cantidad de gingiva que rodea los dientes constituyen los trastornos mucogingivales. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de los trastornos mucogingivales y su tratamiento en el servicio de Periodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Docente “III Congreso del PCC” en Matanzas, entre enero 2008 y diciembre 2012. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, en una población de 329 pacientes de ambos sexos. Resultados: la periodontitis y la recesión periodontal resultaron las afecciones periodontales más frecuentes, con un 58,3 y 26,9 %, respectivamente. La recesión periodontal fue el trastorno mucogingival predominante y se presentó con mayor frecuencia en mujeres entre 19 y 34 años de edad. De los 51 pacientes remitidos de ortodoncia que se mantenían en seguimiento evolutivo periodontal la mayoría, 42 (82,4 %), pertenecían al grupo de edad de 5 a 11 años. Los pacientes entre 35-59 años fueron los más afectados por periimplantitis en ambos sexos. Conclusiones: la periodontitis y la recesión periodontal resultaron las afecciones periodontales mayormente notificadas. La recesión periodontal y los trastornos mucogingivales asociados a zonas implantadas fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino. La mayoría de los pacientes remitidos de ortodoncia, estaban en el grupo de 5-11 años y se mantenían bajo control evolutivo periodontal. La técnica de cirugía mucogingival más utilizada fue el injerto libre de tejido conectivo y epitelio en todas las edades (AU).

Introduction: The marginal gum, stuck gum, mucous alveolar and union mucogingival conforms the mucogingival complex and the acquired aberrations of the morphology, the position and the quantity of gingiva that it surrounds the teeth, constitute the dysfunctions mucogingivals. Objective: to determine the behavior of the mucogingival dysfunctions and their treatment in the service of Periodontology of Odontology Clinical "III Congress of PCC" in Matanzas, among January 2008 and December 2012. Materials and methods: it was carried out an observational, descriptive study, in a population of 329 patients of both sexes. Results: Periodontitis and the periodontal recession were the most frequent periodontal affections, with a 58,3 % and 26,9 %, respectively. The periodontal recession was the mucogingival dysfunction predominant and it showed up most often in women among 19 and 34 years of age. Of the 51 remitted patients of Orthodontics that stayed in evolutionary periodontal pursuit most, 42 (82,4 %), they belonged to the age group from 5 to 11 years. The patients among 35-59 years were those more affected by periimplantitis in both sexes. Conclusions: Periodontitis and the periodontal recession were the principal periodontal affections. The periodontal recession and the mucogingival dysfunctions associated to implanted areas, were more frequent in the female. Most of the remitted patients of Orthodontics, were in the 5-11 year old group and they stayed periodontal low evolutionary control. The mucogingival technique of surgery more used was the free autograft of connective tissue and epithelia in all the ages (AU).

Nuevas tecnologías en cirugía de catarata por facoemulsificación / New technologies in phacoemulsification cataract surgery

Actualmente la cirugía de catarata es considerada una de las más frecuentes de toda la medicina. Es un procedimiento seguro que se efectúa anualmente a millones de pacientes a lo largo y ancho del mundo. Por otro lado, en los últimos años además de lograr la recuperación de la transparencia, ha adquirido el compromiso de brindar mayor satisfacción a los pacientes y se ha convertido en un procedimiento refractivo. En la cirugía moderna del cristalino, todos los cirujanos coinciden en que la técnica más adecuada para la extracción de la catarata es la facoemulsificación. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de describir su surgimiento y evolución, técnicas quirúrgicas, así como las nuevas innovaciones en dicho proceder

The cataract surgery is currently considered one of the most frequent procedures in medicine. It is a safe procedure that is performed on millions of patients throughout the world. On the other hand, in the last few years, it has managed to recover the crystalline transparency in addition to providing greater satisfaction to the patients by becoming a refractive method. In the modern surgery of the crystalline, all the surgeons agree that the most suitable technology for the cataract extraction is phacoemulsificación. A literature review was made to describe emergence and evolution, surgical technologies, as well as new innovations in this surgical procedure

The application of three-dimensional simulated surgical technique in precise hepatectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

ObjectiveTo study the application of three-dimensional simulated surgical technique in precise hepatectomy. MethodsFrom July 2009 to February 2010, 16 patients with primary liver cancer underwent preoperative simulated imaging and three-dimensional simulation of liver resection.The 3D extent of simulated hepatectomy and actual hepatectomy was compared and analyzed. ResultsThe shape and the extent of the liver resected were very similar in the simulated and the actual hepatectomies. The mean differences in the length, breadth and depth of the remnant livers were 0. 6118 cm,0. 4490 cm and 0. 3199 cm, respectively. ConclusionsSimulation hepatectomy could predict the extent of the actual liver resection, and provided accurate guidance and preoperative planning for precise hepatectomy.

Introdução ao estudo das craniotomias ântero-laterais e osteotomias associadas / An introduction to the study of osteotomies associated to anterolateral craniotomies

Neste artigo estão integrados conceitos elementares no aprendizado das vias de acesso ântero-laterais do crânio, de acordo com uma sistematização baseada na associação progressiva de osteotomias às craniotomias rotineiras. Um roteiro de estudos sobre estes acessos é exposto com as respectivas recomendações de leitura.

To systematize progressive association of regional osteotomies into the classical and basic anterolateralcraniotomies. The basic literature was reviewed and inicated as a direction to elementary studies about this approaches.

Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: anaesthetic implications and the Trinidad experience / Cirugía de bypass coronario sin circulación extracorpórea: implicaciones anestésicas y la experiencia de Trinidad

OBJECTIVES: To review the evolution of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery with particular reference to the anaesthetic and perioperative implications. FINDINGS: After review of the literature regarding coronary artery bypass grafting, the adverse effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the various systems are discussed The development and the present status of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery and its anaesthetic implications are reviewed These are discussed under the categories of preoperative, intra-operative and postoperative concerns. In Trinidad and Tobago, various cardiac surgical teams from different parts of the world conduct cardiac surgery. The cardiac anaesthesia team therefore has the unique opportunity of working with several teams who employ different techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery has distinct anaesthetic implications. In Trinidad and Tobago, the majority (85%) of the coronary revascularization surgeries are being done by this technique. Because of the lower cost and improved outcomes, this technique could be recommended to other developing countries of the region.

Objetivos: Examinar la evolución de la cirugía de bypass coronario (revascularización coronaria) sin circulación extracorpórea, con referencia particular a las implicaciones anestésicas y perioperatorias. Hallazgos: Tras examinar la literatura en relación con el bypass coronario con injerto, se discuten los efectos adversos del bypass cardiopulmonar en los distintos sistemas. Se analiza el desarrollo y el estatus presente de la cirugía de bypass coronario sin circulación extracorpórea (“sin bomba”) y sus implicaciones anestésicas. El análisis se realiza bajo las categorías de problemas pre-operatorios, intra-operatorios y post-operatorios. En Trinidad y Tobago, varios equipos de cirugía cardiaca de diferentes partes del mundo llevan a cabo cirugía cardiaca. Por lo tanto, el equipo que tiene a su cargo la anestesia durante las intervenciones quirúrgicas del corazón tiene la oportunidad excepcional de trabajar con varios equipos que emplean diferentes técnicas. Conclusiones: La cirugía de injerto de bypass coronario sin circulación extracorpórea tiene claras implicaciones anestésicas. En Trinidad y Tobago, la mayoría (85%) de las cirugías de revascularización coronaria, se realizan mediante esta técnica. Debido a su bajo costo y al mejoramiento en sus resultados, esta técnica podría recomendarse a los países en desarrollo de la región.

Anquiloglosia: revisión de literatura y reporte de un caso / Ankyloglossia: literature review and case report

La Anquiloglosia es una alteración congénita que produce alteraciones en algunas de las funciones en las que interviene la lengua. En este artículo, con fundamento en la revisión de 44 referencias bibliográficas, se presentan un caso y las características y diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas para su tratamiento.

Ankiloglossia is a congenital alteration capable to produce alterations on different functions of the healthy tongue Based on a literature review, this paper presents a clinical case, features and surgery techniques related to ankiloglossia treatment.