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ObjectiveTo analyze the monitoring data of schistosomiasis from 2004 to 2021 in Suzhou New District， Jiangsu Province， and to provide evidence for improving schistosomiasis elimination strategies. MethodsFollowing the Opinions on Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis， Parasitic Diseases and Endemic Diseases in Suzhou and the Technical Plan for Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis， Parasitic Diseases and Endemic Diseases in Suzhou， the monitoring of schistosomiasis in the population and snail habitats from 2004 to 2021 was conducted. The Mann-Kendall method and Joinpoint regression method were employed to analyze the trend of epidemic indicators （such as seropositive rate， prevalence of snail frames， etc.）. Time series analysis （exponential smoothing model） was conducted to predict snail occurrence. ResultsFrom 2004 to 2021， a total of 73 680 people were serologically tested for schistosomiasis， with a positive rate of 0.084%. The seropositivity rate showed statistically significant differences between different years （χ2=70.73， P<0.05）， but there was no significant trend over time. In addition， 3 053 fecal tests were conducted and no positive result was found. The snail habitats covered an area of 70.11 hm2 and showed a decreasing trend （Z=-1.97， P<0.05）. A total of 30 093 frames were surveyed， of which 19.038% contained snails. The difference in the prevalence of snail frames between different years was statistically significant （χ2=7 203.09， P<0.05）， with a decreasing trend in the prevalence of snail frames （Z=-2.05， P<0.05）. A total of 26 296 live snails were seized and density of live snails was 0.874 snails per frame， showing a decreasing trend in the density of live snails （Z=-2.35， P<0.05）. A total of 12 391 snails were dissected and no infected snail was found. The areas treated with molluscicides remained stable at 264.60 hm2. An area of 27.77 hm2 achieved the goal of snail eradication through environmental modification， with a decreasing trend （Z=-2.44， P<0.05）. It is estimated that the prevalence of snail frames and snail density will remain relatively stable from 2022 to 2026， but the snail habitat area will fluctuate significantly， showing an increasing trend. ConclusionNo indigenous cases of schistosomiasis and no infected snails are reported， indicating the successful consolidation of schistosomiasis prevention and control measures. However， the snail habitat area fluctuates greatly with an increasing trend， suggesting the need for long-term Oncomelania snail monitoring in local areas.
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Objective To analyze the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Suzhou City from 2010 to 2020, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the future schistosomiasis control strategy. Methods The data pertaining to the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Suzhou City from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from the annual schistosomiasis control report, the information management platform of schistosomiasis (parasitic diseases) in Jiangsu Province and the Parasitic Diseases Control Information Management System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, including snail survey data, snail control data and schistosomiasis examination data, and were retrospectively reviewed. Differences of proportions were tested for statistical significance with chi-square test, and the trends in proportions were evaluated using the chi-square test for trends. Results Elimination of schistosomiasis was achieved in Suzhou City in 2018, and there were 3.528 9 million residents living in schistosomiasis-endemic villages of 81 townships in 9 counties. A total of 707 600 labor-days were used for snail survey in 11 586 village-times in Suzhou City from 2010 to 2020, covering 18 572.73 hm2, and snail habitats were detected with an area of 68.61 hm2, including emerging snail habitats of 37.30 hm2. A total of 23 144 snails were dissected, and no Schistosoma japonicum infection was detected. Reemerging and emerging snail habitats were predominantly found in inlands. During the period from 2010 to 2020, snail control was performed in Suzhou City for 71 000 labor-times, and snail control was done covering 269.34 hm2 through chemical treatment and covering 3.48 hm2 through environmental improvements. A total of 674 002 person-times received serological tests for S. japonicum infections in Suzhou City from 2010 to 2020, with seroprevalence of 0.38%, and a total of 33 835 person-times received stool examinations, with no egg-positives identified. The sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared an overall tendency towards a rise in Suzhou City from 2010 to 2020 (χ2 = 129.48, P < 0.001). The sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared high among local residents in 2016, and remained stable in other years, while the sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared an overall tendency towards a rise among mobile populations (χ2 = 54.11, P < 0.001). There were 278 800 and 175 202 serological tests among local residents and mobile populations in Suzhou City from 2013 to 2020, and 0.50% and 0.35% sero-prevalence rates were detected, respectively. The sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections was significantly higher among local residents than among mobile populations in Suzhou City (χ2= 54.76, P < 0.001). Conclusions There is a risk of rebound of schistosomiasis in Suzhou City. Integrated control should be reinforced to prevent the risk of rebound of schistosomiasis in Suzhou City.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of COPD in high-risk population in Suzhou, and to explore the corresponding measures against cognitive misunderstanding. Methods From January 2017 to January 2020, a total of 4,800 residents from 4 COPD national monitoring points in Suzhou were selected using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Questionnaire surveys and lung function tests were conducted. The high-risk groups of COPD and their morbidity and COPD awareness were statistically analyzed. The influencing factors of COPD in Suzhou were analyzed by single factor analysis and multi-factor stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 4 747 residents were included in the analysis, including 4 249 people with high-risk COPD and 441 confirmed patients. Among them, 75.96% had basic knowledge, 52.15% understood the treatment knowledge, 49.89% understood the self-management, and 61.68% understood the lung rehabilitation training. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.557, 95%CI=1.202~2.017), daily smoking (OR=2.062, 95%CI=1.673~2.541), cooking fuel being polluted (OR=1.526,95%CI=1.255~1.900), and occupational dust exposure>1 year (OR=1.474, 95%CI=1.196~1.816) were risk factors for COPD, while kitchen with smoke exhaust equipment (OR=0.601, 95%CI=0.465~0.777) and ethnic minorities (OR=0.642, 95%CI=0.508~0.812) were COPD protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of COPD in high-risk population aged ≥40 years in Suzhou area was higher, and the patients' cognitive level was lower. It is necessary to strengthen science popularization, improve health awareness, and reduce the related risk factors.
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The demographic features, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of two cases with falciparum malaria imported into Suzhou City in 2019 were reported. These findings indicate a risk of imported malaria in visitors besides high prevalence in migrant labors, and much attention should be paid to children that are at a high risk of infections.
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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and the distribution of peripheral blood T lymphocyte sub-sets in patients with schistosomal hepatic cirrhosis in Suzhou City. Methods A total of 32 inpatients with liver diseases due to advanced schistosomiasis at the Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2016 to January 2018 were recruited and assigned into the infection and non-infection groups according to presence of co-infections, and 20 old healthy volunteers served as controls. Venous blood samples were collected on the day of admission, and the proportions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells were detected in peripheral blood using flow cytometry. Results Most patients with liver disorders due to advanced schistosomiasis were admitted to hospital in Suzhou City because of portal hypertension-associated complications, with a high prevalence of co-infections (59.38%, 19/32). The proportions of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and Th17 cells were all significantly lower in patients with liver disorders due to advanced schistosomiasis than in controls (t = −5.111, −4.470 and −2.749, all P < 0.05), and a higher proportion of Treg cells was detected in patients than in controls (t = 5.628, P < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences among the infection group, non-infection group and controls in terms of the percentage of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Th17 cells and Treg cells (F = 15.837, 16.594, 9.290 and 27.866, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Portal hypertension-associated complications are predominantly seen in patients with liver diseases due to advanced schistosomiasis at admission in Suzhou City, and co-infections are common. Imbalance of peripheral T cell subsets is detected in patients with liver diseases due to advanced schistosomiasis in Suzhou City.
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Objective To analyze the genetic phenotypes of Y-chromosome STR and SNP in Han male population of Wujiang area, Suzhou City and explore the genetic structure of population of Wujiang area for further examination of regional-specific Y-SNP genetic markers ancestor haplogroups. Methods Blood samples of 472 Wujiang area Han males were randomly collected and genotyped by YfilerTM Plus PCR Amplification Kit. The allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies of each locus were obtained using the direct calculation method. Y-SNP haplogroups of each sample were estimated using Y-Predictor software and verified through experiments by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction （ARMS-PCR）. Results A total of 453 haplotypes were found in the 27 Y-STR genetic markers in 472 Han males of Wujiang area. The haplotype diversity （HD） was 0.997 696 93, among which, the highest gene diversity （GD） value was DYF387S1a/b （GD=0.953 1） and the lowest was DYS438 （GD=0.321 8）. Based on genotyping data of 27 Y-STRs and 472 samples, 132 haplogroups from C, D, N, O and Q, etc downstream Y-SNP haplogroups were estimated and then verified through experiments. Conclusion This study is based on Y-chromosome STR haplotypes, and predicts Y-SNP haplogroups by Y-Predictor software, then uses ARMS-PCR to verify. Y-SNP genetic markers were introduced to achieve precise analysis of the genetic structure of male families in population of three towns in Wujiang area.
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Humans , Male , China , Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics , Cities , Gene Frequency , Genetics, Population , Haplotypes , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
Objective To study the level of serum 25 (OH) D3in children in suzhou area, and to provide scientific basis for the rational supplement of vitamin D for children aged 0-6years.Methods From September2015to September 2016, 15 010children underwent routine physical examination in the Children′s Health Clinic of Suzhou Municipal Hospital were selected, of whom 7 905were male and 7 105were female.The serum 25 (OH) D3was detected by collecting their fingerling blood.Results (1) The mean serum 25 (OH) D3of15 010children aged 0to 6in Suzhou was (35.83±13.23) μg/L, and the mean serum 25 (OH) D3of male and female were (36.48±13.25) and (35.11±13.16) μg/L respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01). (2) The mean level of serum 25 (OH) D3of 0-＜3, 3-＜6, 6-＜12, 12-＜36, 36-＜48and≥48months old children were (34.49±11.53), (41.15±13.86), (48.03±17.25), (46.12±17.69), (28.49±16.55) and (42.28±17.59) μg/L.The detection levels of serum 25 (OH) D3between the age groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05) except the children 3-＜6months and≥48months. (3) From January to December, the detection levels of serum 25 (OH) D3 were statistically significant between different months (P＜0.01) except in January, February, March and November, as well as July and August.The serum25 (OH) D3in each month was graded according to the vitamin D level, and the detection levels of serum 25 (OH) D3between different months were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The proportion of serum 25 (OH) D3over 30μg/L was less than 50％in January, March and November.The ratio ranged from 50％to 60％in February, June and December.The ratio ranged from 60％to 70％in the July, August and September, while the proportion was over 70％in April, May and October.Conclusion The level of serum 25 (OH) D3in children in Suzhou area was decreased obviously, and health education should be strengthened, and attention should be paid to intaking of vitamin D in children.
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Objective To analyze the assessment results of malaria elimination in Suzhou City, so as to provide references for consolidating the results of malaria elimination in the city. Methods According to "Jiangsu Province Malaria Evaluation and Assessment Implementation Plan (2014 Edition)" and "Jiangsu City Malaria Evaluation Implementation Regulations (2015 Edition)", the assessment of the county-level cities and districts under the jurisdiction of Suzhou City was conducted. After the assessment, the municipal level assessment and evaluation were carried out, and one district was randomly selected for the assessment of malaria elimination review. Results The assessment score of malaria elimination in Suzhou City was 98.6 points. Wujiang District was randomly selected for review assessment, and the review score was 95.8 points. According to the 85 points attainment criteria specified by the national assessment, Suzhou City met the requirement of malaria elimination. Conclusions Suzhou City has passed the inspection certification of malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province. However, the post-elimination malaria monitoring should be continued to consolidate the achievements.
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Objective To analyze the assessment results of malaria elimination in Suzhou City, so as to provide references for consolidating the results of malaria elimination in the city. Methods According to "Jiangsu Province Malaria Evaluation and Assessment Implementation Plan (2014 Edition)" and "Jiangsu City Malaria Evaluation Implementation Regulations (2015 Edition)", the assessment of the county-level cities and districts under the jurisdiction of Suzhou City was conducted. After the assessment, the municipal level assessment and evaluation were carried out, and one district was randomly selected for the assessment of malaria elimination review. Results The assessment score of malaria elimination in Suzhou City was 98.6 points. Wujiang District was randomly selected for review assessment, and the review score was 95.8 points. According to the 85 points attainment criteria specified by the national assessment, Suzhou City met the requirement of malaria elimination. Conclusions Suzhou City has passed the inspection certification of malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province. However, the post-elimination malaria monitoring should be continued to consolidate the achievements.
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A WFAS meeting for a standard for acupuncture needles was held in Suzhou, China on September 16, 2010. A delegate from the Department of International Affairs of JSAM accompanied by three experts from an acupuncture needle manufacture (Seirin Corporation) attended the meeting with the purpose of requesting modifications of the draft. <BR>Suggestions from Japan included;(1) clearly define type of needle as 'Sterile filiform acupuncture needles for single-use', (2) not to limit the materials used for the needle body, (3) not to define upper/lower limitations in the size of the needle, (4) add some tests to guarantee safety such as limits for acidity or alkalinity and limits for extractable metals and an endotoxin test, (5) elimination of unnecessary tests regarding needles including hardness, puncture performance, strength, (6) change the term 'normative'in the quality testing method to 'informative'. <BR>According to the suggestions from Japan, modifications in the 'Scope'(defining type of needle as 'filiform') and in the 'Material'section (any kind of materials in accordance with ISO/TS 15510:2007) were annexed to the resolution. However, there is still a need to continue requesting modification of other issues to develop a better draft of the WFAS standard, which will be submitted to an ISO/TC 249 meeting in the near future.