Efficacy and safety of tadalafil in ureteric stent related symptoms: a double blind, prospective, randomised study

Background: Is tadalafil effective and safe in ureteric stent related symptoms? The objective of this trial is to study the efficacy and safety of tadalafil and compare it with tamsulosin in relieving ureteric stent related symptoms by using ureteral stent symptom questionnaire.Methods: Total 144 patients with dj stent symptoms were randomized into two groups with 72 patients in each. Group A patients were given tadalafil 5mg and Group B, tamsulosin 0.4mg for 2 weeks. Ureteral stent symptom questionnaire was filled on 7th day and on 21st day after stent insertion. Statistically significant difference between groups was determined by the t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Comparison between quantitative time related variables was done by Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. All the statistical tests were two-sided and were performed at a significance level of α=.05.Results: Tamsulosin was found more effective then tadalafil in decreasing mean urinary index (p=0.004). Tadalafil caused significant decrease in body pain (p=0.006) and improvement in general health index score, work performance and sex score (P value= 0.041, <0.001 and <0.015 respectively) as compared to tamsulosin. Additional problems score improvement and analgesic use were found comparable in 2 groups (p value =0.193, 0.070 respectively). Adverse effect with both the drugs were minimal, mild to moderate and self-limiting.Conclusions: Tadalafil found more effective then Tamsulosin in relieving body pain, sexual symptoms and improving general health and work performance but less effective in improvement of urinary symptoms.

Behavior problems and influencing factors of school-age children in Zhongshan / 预防医学

Objective @#To investigate the behavior problems and influencing factors of school-age students from the third to the sixth grade in Zhongshan,and to provide evidence for early intervention of behavior problems in children.@*Methods @#According to the proportion of population in urban area and township in Zhongshan,students of Grade Three to Six from eight primary schools（three in urban area and five in township）were recruited by stratified sampling method. The behavior problems in children were assessed by the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire（PSQ）. Sociodemographic information,family discipline and so on was investigated by a general questionnaire. The influencing factors for behavior problems were analyzed by a logistic regression model. @*Results @#A total of 2 292 questionnaires were issued,and 2 236 valid questionnaires were recycled,with an effective rate of 97.56%. The positive rate of behavioral problems was 11.72%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for behavior problems were females（OR=1.594,95%CI：1.170-2.171）,birth asphyxia（OR=2.372,95%CI：1.320-4.261）,main family discipline（laissez-faire：OR=3.326,95%CI：1.450-7.630;doting：OR=3.244,95%CI：1.867-5.638;autocratic：OR=2.609,95%CI：1.584-4.296,mixed：OR=2.313,95%CI：1.669- 3.207）,less than four hours per week for father-child communication（OR=1.551,95%CI：1.052-2.286）,negative life events（OR=2.188,95%CI：1.448-3.308）,living in township（OR=2.031,95%CI：1.330-3.102）,academic performance （average：OR=2.786,95%CI：1.868-4.156;poor：OR=6.665,95%CI：3.236-13.727;very poor：OR=25.068,95%CI：5.786-108.617）;the protective factors were occupation of mother as civil servants or professional personnel（OR=0.449,95%CI：0.238-0.844）and higher grades（Grade Five：OR=0.496,95%CI：0.339-0.727;Grade Six：OR=0.468,95%CI：0.309-0.710）.@*Conclusion @#Females,birth asphyxia,main family discipline,less communication between father and child,occupation of mother,negative life events,place of residence,academic performance and grade were the influencing factors for behavior problems.

Validation of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire in Korean Adolescents

OBJECTIVE: The tripartite model categorizes symptoms of depression and anxiety into three groups: 1) non-specific general distress that is shared between depression and anxiety, 2) depression-specific symptoms that include low positive affect and loss of interest, and 3) anxiety-specific symptoms that include somatic arousal. The Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (MASQ) was developed to measure these three factors of depression and anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to test the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the MASQ (K-MASQ) in adolescents. METHODS: Community-dwelling adolescents (n=933) were randomly assigned to two groups. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted in each group to identify the factor structure of the K-MASQ. The reliability and validity of the K-MASQ were also evaluated. RESULTS: Our results support the three-factor structure of the K-MASQ in adolescents. However, we found that the specific items of each factor differed from those of the original MASQ. That is, the depression-specific factor was only related to low positive affect and not loss of interest, and the anxiety-specific factor included more items related to general somatic symptoms of anxiety. The reliability and validity of the K-MASQ were found to be satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The K-MASQ supports the tripartite model of depression and anxiety and has satisfactory reliability and validity among Korean adolescents. The K-MASQ can be used to distinguish unique symptoms of depression and anxiety in Korean adolescents.

Correlation between Olfactory Threshold Test, Olfactory Identification Test and Subjective Symptoms / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Psychophysical tests such as 16-item Korean Version of Sniffin' Sticks test (KVSS) identification test and Butanol Threshold Test (BTT) are relatively objective tests, but such tests cannot completely explain olfactory complaints. Furthermore, the correlation between KVSS and BTT has not been validated in Korea. We evaluated subjective olfactory symptoms of patients by a questionnaire and the correlation between two tests and the symptom questionnaire. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A total of 789 patients who visited olfactory clinic of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from April 2004 through July 2007 were included in this study. BTT and KVSS identification tests were performed and all the patients filled out an olfactory questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of 4 parts: general olfaction, general taste, odorspecific olfaction and quality of life. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to KVSS identification score. KVSS identification scores 0 to 3 represent anosmia, 4 to 7 severe hyposmia, 8 to 12 mild to moderate hyposmia and 13 to 16 normosmia. We analyzed the differences in the subjective symptom questionnaire scores of 4 groups. RESULTS: KVSS and BTT showed a significant correlation (R=.646, p<.001). Each part of the questionnaire also showed significant correlation to KVSS or BTT. The mean scores of subjective symptoms were 2.69 for anosmia, 3.04 for severe hyposmia, 3.84 for mild to moderate hyposmia and 4.02 for normal and the difference was significant. CONCLUSION: BTT and KVSS identification test scores and subjective symptoms exhibited significant correlations between each other and the odor-specific olfaction part of the questionnaire showed the greatest correlation to olfactory function tests.

Symptom Questionnaire and Laboratory Findings in Subjects with Airflow Limitation: a Nation-wide Survey / 결핵및호흡기질환

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. COPD has systemic effects, such as skeletal muscle dysfunction and abnormal weight loss. It also has been suggested that COPD is related to other chronic disease, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and anemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate a symptom questionnaire and laboratory findings in subjects with air flow limitation. METHODS: We evaluated a symptom questionnaire and laboratory findings in subjects with airflow limitation detected by spirometry in conjunction with the Second Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 9,243 adults over the age of 18 were recruited. Among the adults, we finally analyzed 2,217 subjects who met the acceptability and repeatability criteria of spirometry, showed normal findings on chest radiography, and were older than 40 years of age. RESULTS: There were 288 subjects with airflow limitation as determined by spirometry. The frequency of respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum and wheezing were significantly higher in subjects with airflow limitation (p<0.01). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were higher in subjects with airflow limitation (hemoglobin level 13.98 mg/dL vs. 13.62 mg/dL, hematocrit 42.10% vs. 40.89%; p<0.01). The HDL cholesterol level was lower in subjects with airflow limitation (44.95 mg/dL vs. 45.60 mg/dL; p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and fasting glucose levels. CONCLUSION: In subjects with airflow limitation, prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher than in normal spirometry subjects and the levels of hemoglobin and the hematocrit were higher. The HDL cholesterol level was lower in subjects with airflow limitation.

Analysis of the clinical features and life quality of 184 patients with reflux esophagitis / 中国实用内科杂志

0.05).But age had distinct influence on symptom survey(P

Initial Reliability and Validity of the Symptoms Questionnaire-Korean Version (SQ-K) / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVE: Kellner (1987)'s Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) consists of 4 scales, i.e. depression, anxiety, anger-hostility, and somatic scales. The SQ can be administered and scored by a lay person with brief training. In addition to the use for the self-rating of distress in research, the SQ can be a checklist in clinical practice. The SQ has been validated in translations in Korean. This paper is to test the initial reliability and validity of the Symptom Questionnaire-Korean version (SQ-K). METHOD: The SQ-K and other self-report scales (i.e. BDI, STAI, STAXI, & SCL-90-R) were administered to college students (n=103) and psychiatric patients (n=170) including 76 with mood disorders, 47 with anxiety disorders, 27 with somatoform disorders, and 20 with Hwabyung patients. RESULTS: The test-retest coefficients of stability over a 2-week period ranged from .46 to .65 in a sample of college students. The SQ-K and subscales have good internal consistency, with an alpha ranged from .70 to .90. and good criterion-referenced validity. The SQ-K discriminated between college students with and without stress, psychiatric patients and college students, and among depressive, anxious, and Hwabyung groups. CONCLUSION: The SQ-K is a tool for state measurement, and it is quite sensitive to change. The findings suggest that the Korean translations are valid and sensitive scales of distress, and it can be used effectively in research and clinical practice as the original is.