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Aim To study the synergistic effect of withaferin A (WA) combined with cisplatin (DDP) on cervical cancer and its mechanism. Methods MTT assay was employed to detect the synergistic effect of WA on DDP in cervical cancer cell lines. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting were used to investigate the effect of WA combined with DDP on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were used to detect NF-kB/MDR1 pathway related proteins. DCFH-DA and MitoSOX were applied to determine the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. A xenograft model was also used to evaluate the synergistic effect of WA on DDP. Results The combination of WA and DDP could inhibit the survival of cervical cancer cells, promote apoptosis, and inhibit the growth of tumor in mice. WA could inhibit DDP-induced NF-kB/MDR1 signaling pathway and promote ROS production. Conclusions WA plays a synergistic role in anti-cervical cancer by inhibiting DDP-induced NF-kB/MDR1 pathway activation and enhancing DDP induced ROS production.
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Objective: To explore the synergies mechanism of Coriaria sinica extract (CSE) combined with β-lactam antibiotics on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: The relevant gene expression, autolytic enzyme, and influence of β-lactamase were determined by AFFX prokaryotic expression microarray, Western-blotting, SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, etc. Results: MRSA was resistant to the most antibiotics, and it had significant synergistic antibacterial effect while CSE was combined with β-lactam antibiotics (P < 0.05). The CSE can significantly reduce the total expression of RNA and regulate the expression of many genes with showing a dose-dependence when used alone or combined with ampicillin (AP), such as the basal metabolism genes, peptidoglycan hydrolase gene (lytM), transporter gene, PBPs, β-lactamase activity, etc. (P < 0.05). It can significantly improve the concentration of cefotaxime (CFX) in internal of MRSA (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The CSE has significant inhibitory effects on MRSA, and it has significant synergistic effects when combined with β-lactam antibiotic on MRSA. The mechanism is associated with many factors of MRSA, such as regulation of expression and transcription on target genes (ribA, PBPs, lytM, etc.), the influence of active efflux, autolysis and metabolism, etc.
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Search Chinese search CNKI, VIP full-text database and MML (Metadata center of Medical Literature) about the document of the Zhengqingfengtongning Injection adverse drug reaction and the effect of Zhengqingfengtongning Injection in enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity of chemotherapy. To analyze the correlation between dosage, mode of administration, time and ADR occurrence. To summarize the synergistic and attenuated drugs, and explore the mechanism of interaction between Zhengqingfengtongning Injection and these synergistic and attenuated drugs. Discuss the mechanism of Zhengqingfengtongning Injection ADR and the mechanism of Zhengqingfengtongning Injection's synergism and attenuation, and preventive measures of the ADR. The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence basis for clinical safety of the application of Zhengqingfengtongning Injection.
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El presente artículo es una revisión bibliográfica y procura reflexionar sobre una dimensión particular de las alianzas estratégicas, particularmente a lo que se refiere a la capacidad que estas tienen de generar cambios y muy especialmente innovación, factores que los odontólogos independientemente del campo en el que desarrollan su profesión deben tomar en cuenta, con el objetivo de adaptarse a los cambios y evolución que la profesión está experimentando con el propósito de adaptarse a la globalización, cambios sociales, económicos, culturales, tecnológicos, científicos y a la demanda del mercado.
This article is a bibliographical review and seeks to reflect on a particular dimension of strategic alliances, particularly with regard to their ability to generate changes and especially innovation, factors that dentists independently of the field in which they develop. Their profession must take into account with the aim of adapting to the changes and evolution that the profession is experiencing with the purpose of adapting to globalization, social changes, economic, cultural, technological, scientific and market demand.
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Objective: To demonstrate the in vitro antibacterial properties of five essential oils against ten bacterial strains and study the synergistic effect of the combination of essential oils with standard antibiotics. Methods: Origanum compactum, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Thymus willdenowii Boiss, Melissa officinalis and Origanum majorana L. were used alone and combined used with standard antibiotics to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. The disk diffusion method was employed. Results: The results showed that the combined application of the essential oils of the plants with antibiotics led to a synergistic effect in some cases, but antagonistic effect was also observed in some bacteria. Conclusions: This study shows that the combination of essential oils of the five plants with antibiotics may be useful in the fight against emerging microbial drug resistance.
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Objective: To demonstrate the in vitro antibacterial properties of five essential oils against ten bacterial strains and study the synergistic effect of the combination of essential oils with standard antibiotics. Methods: Origanum compactum, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Thymus willdenowii Boiss, Melissa officinalis and Origanum majorana L. were used alone and combined used with standard antibiotics to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. The disk diffusion method was employed. Results: The results showed that the combined application of the essential oils of the plants with antibiotics led to a synergistic effect in some cases, but antagonistic effect was also observed in some bacteria. Conclusions: This study shows that the combination of essential oils of the five plants with antibiotics may be useful in the fight against emerging microbial drug resistance.
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BACKGROUND: Propofol and remifentanil are usually co-administered and have shown synergistic effect for anesthesia. However, the synergistic effect of the two drugs on hypnosis measured by bispectral index (BIS) was controversial in previous studies. The aim of this study was to identify the interaction of propofol and remifentanil on BIS and the optimal dose combinations for hypnosis under 66% N2O during surgery. METHODS: Patients (age 55-75 and American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] 1-2) undergoing gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. Propofol and remifentanil were co-administered incrementally at 1 : 1 potent ratio (the P1R1 group), at 1 : 2 potent ratio (the P1R2 group), or at 2 : 1 potent ratio (the P2R1 group) using effect site target-controlled infusion and BIS was measured. 66% N2O was concomitantly administered to all groups. The dose-effect curves, the 90% effective dose (EC90) for adequate hypnosis (BIS 40), isobolograms and combination index were obtained by Calcusyn program (Biosoft) to reveal the interaction of propofol and remifentanil. RESULTS: The P2R1 group showed synergistic action on BIS. However, the other groups needed larger amount of each drug than the doses of additive action. The EC90 of the P2R1 group was propofol, 3.34 microg/ml and remifentanil, 2.41 ng/ml under 66% of N2O. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol dominant co-administration is needed for dose reduction in BIS guided hypnosis.
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Humans , Anesthesia , Gastrectomy , Hypnosis , Piperidines , PropofolABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the performance of the recently introduced MicroScan Synergies plus Positive Combo 3 Panels (SIPC3) (Dade Behring Inc., USA). We evaluated the clinical efficacy of the panels in identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Staphylococcusaureus and enterococci. METHODS: To evaluate the panels' accuracy of identification, the results obtained using the test panels were compared with those obtained by using conventional biochemical tests in conjunction with VITEK 2 system (bio-Merieux, USA). In addition, the AST results obtained using the panels were compared with those obtained by performing CLSI broth microdilution. RESULTS: The overall agreement between the approaches for the ID of S. aureus and enterococci was 100% and 96%, respectively. The categorical and essential agreements (CA and EA) for S. aureus were 98%, each. Very major errors (VME), major errors (ME), and minor error (mE) for S. aureus were 0.45%, 0.3%, and 4.2%, respectively. The majority of VMEs were for oxacillin (8.6%), penicillin (2.0%), erythromycin (7.9%), clindamycin (3.8%), and tetracycline (4.1%). For enterococci, the CA, EA, VME, ME, and mE were 88.8%, 93.7%, 4.4%, 0%, and 2.8%, respectively. The 80.5% (29/36) of Enterococcus faecium had concordant ID with the reference. Most of the categorical errors (3 VMEs and 14 mEs) were observed for quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid; Catalytica Pharmaceuticals Inc., USA). CONCLUSIONS: The panels compared favorably with conventional methods for the ID and AST of S. aureus. However, we expected a better performance for ID of E. faecium and AST using Synercid.