Lista anotada de los Euchromiina "polillas avispas" (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini) del departamento de Loreto (Perú), con el reporte de nuevos registros y sinónimos / Annotated list of the Euchromiina "wasp moths" (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini) from the department of Loreto (Peru), with the report of new records and synonyms

Resumen Para el departamento de Loreto se registra 113 especies de Euchromiina (Lepidoptera: Arctiinae). Además, se reportan 9 nuevos registros para Perú: Sphecosoma abnormis, Isanthrene profusa, Autochloris collocata, A. consociata, Andrenimorpha lycopolis, Leucotmemis torrida, Cosmosoma contracta, Pseudomya biradiata y P. cretheis. Se proponen dos nuevos sinónimos: Diptilon aurantiipes Rothschild como sinónimo más reciente de Sphecosoma abnormis Hampson; Isanthrene flavizonata Gaede como sinónimo más reciente de Tigrinadia quadricincta Kaye. Esta última especie por ahora es conocida solo de Perú. Se describe un nuevo tipo de órgano androconial en la parte ventral del abdomen.

Abstract For the department of Loreto, 113 species of Euchromiina (Lepidoptera: Arctiinae) are recorded. In addition, 9 new records are reported for Peru: Sphecosoma abnormis, Isanthrene profusa, Autochloris collocata, A. consociata, Andrenimorpha lycopolis, Leucotmemis torrida, Cosmosoma contracta, Pseudomya biradiata and P. cretheis. Two new synonyms are proposed: Diptilon aurantiipes Rothschild as a junior synonym for Sphecosoma abnormis Hampson; Isanthrene flavizonata Gaede as a junior synonym for Tigrinadia quadricincta Kaye. This last species for now is known only from Peru. A new type of androconial organ is described in the ventral part of the abdomen.

Estudio preliminar de los Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) del departamento de Arequipa, Perú / Preliminary study of the Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) from Arequipa, Peru

Resumen Se presenta una lista preliminar y la diagnosis de las especies de Arctiinae de Arequipa. Se propone a Amastus pallescens como nuevo sinónimo de Amastus cellularis. Por primera vez se da a conocer la hembra de A. cellularis. Se revalida la especie Magnoptera watsoni, que fue sinonímizada hace pocos años con Amastus walkeri. Se recolectó durante el 2017-2018, en 16 estaciones de evaluación que comprendieron 4 rangos altitudinales: 0-1500, 1500-2500, 2500-3500, 3500-4500 m.

Abstract A preliminary list and diagnosis of the Arctiinae species of Arequipa is presented. It is proposed that Amastus pallescens is a new synonym of Amastus cellularis. The female of A. cellularis is reported for the first time. The Magnoptera watsoni species was revalidated, which was synonimized a few years ago with Amastus walkeri. It was collected during 2017-2018, in 16 evaluation stations that included 4 altitudinal ranges: 0-1500, 1500-2500, 2500-3500, 3500-4500 m.

Automatic synonyms extraction of TCM terms through pattern recognition / 国际中医中药杂志

The national basic science and technology projects (No.2012FY130100) help us design and use the method of automatic extraction of TCM term synonyms based on pattern recognition. This method included 6 steps: preparing the dictionaries, compiling extraction programs, extracting synonyms based on the pattern rules, auditing the results, merging synonyms and evaluating the effectiveness. Statistical data showed that the accuracy of synonym extraction by this method was about 94％, and the recall rate was about 94.5％. Therefore, the automatic synonym extraction of TCM terms based on pattern recognition could improve the efficiency of synonym extraction.

Platyphora Gistel, 1857 from Itatiaia National Park, southeastern Brazil: new synonymy and new records (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) / Platyphora Gistel, 1857 do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Sudeste do Brasil: nova sinonímia e novos registros (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)

Abstract Platyphora Gistel, 1857 is the largest genus in Chrysomelinae with about 450 species of which 181 occur in Brazil. The Itatiaia National Park is one of the most important Conservation Units of the Atlantic Rainforest and 36 Platyphora species are recorded from the park. We have recorded 38 species of Platyphora. The synonymy of Platyphora fraterna (Stål, 1857) and Platyphora fasciatomaculata (Stål, 1857) is proposed. Platyphora bilimbata (Stål, 1857), P. carolina (Stål, 1858) and P. semiviridis (Jacoby, 1903) are new records for the park; additional distributional records are provided for 18 species. Of the 38 species, 24 are illustrated for the first time.

Resumo Platyphora Gistel, 1857 é o gênero em Chrysomelinae com maior número de espécies, cerca de 450, onde 181 ocorrem no Brasil. O Parque Nacional do Itatiaia é uma das mais importantes unidades de conservação da Mata Atlântica e apresenta 36 espécies de Platyphora registradas. Neste trabalho registramos 38 espécies de Platyphora. É proposta a sinonímia entre Platyphora fraterna (Stål, 1857) e Platyphora fasciatomaculata (Stål, 1857). Platyphora bilimbata (Stål, 1857), P. carolina (Stål, 1858) e P. semiviridis (Jacoby, 1903) são novos registros para o parque e são assinalados novos registros de distribuição para 18 espécies. Das 38 espécies, 24 são ilustradas pela primeira vez.

Impacto de un programa en la autopercepción en salud, funcionalidad familiar y carga de cuidado en tres grupos culturalmente diversos

Objetivo: Describir el impacto de un programa educativo con perspectiva cultural, para cuidadores familiares de adulto mayor con dependencia funcional en tres grupos culturalmente diversos, en la autopercepción en salud, la funcionalidad familiar y su relación con la carga de cuidado. Materiales y método: Estudio cuantitativo de intervención, con pre y post, de un programa educativo para cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores dependientes. Participaron 88 cuidadores de tres grupos culturales: habitantes del área urbana de Bogotá [30], Campesinos-Cáqueza [26] y afrocolombianos-Guapi [32]. La información fue recolectada con las escalas Autopercepción de Salud, Apgar familiar y Zarit, que mide la carga del cuidado. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y prueba no paramétrica de rango signo de Wilcoxon en cada grupo y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: El programa tuvo efecto estadísticamente significativo en la autopercepción de salud en campesinos (p 0.018) y afrocolombianos (p 0.048). La variable de funcionalidad familiar no obtuvo resultados estadísticamente significativos en ninguno de los tres grupos. Sin embargo, se encontró asociación significativa de carga de cuidado con funcionalidad familiar en los tres grupos durante la posprueba (campesinos:p:0,024; afrocolombianos: p:0,00; urbanos p:0,012), y una relación de carga de cuidado y autopercepción durante la posprueba en los afrocolombianos únicamente (p: 0,022). Conclusión: En dos de los grupos intervenidos, el programa genera un efecto estadísticamente significativo en la autopercepción de salud de los cuidadores. Existe una relación entre funcionalidad familiar en la posprueba con la carga de cuidado en los tres grupos culturalmente diversos, siendo esta estadísticamente significativa, y una relación entre autopercepción y carga de cuidado en el grupo de afrocolombianos, durante a posprueba, la cual es estadísticamente significativa.

Objective: To describe the impact of an educational program with a cultural perspective for family caregivers of elderly people with functional dependence in three groups culturally diverse in self-perception in health, family functionality and its relation to the care burden. Materials and methods: Quantitative intervention study before and after an educational program for family caregivers of elderly people with functional dependence. 88 caregivers from three cultural groups participated: inhabitants of the urban area of Bogotá (30), Peasants-Cáqueza (26) and Afro-Colombians-Guapi (32). Information was gathered with the Self-perception of Health, Family Apgar and Zarit test, which measure the burden of care. Descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon nonparametric sign-rank test in each group and Spearman correlation test were performed. Results: The program had a statistically significant effect on the self-perception of health in peasants (p 0.018) and Afro-Colombians (p 0.048). The family functionality variable did not obtain statistically relevant results in any of the three groups. However, a significant association of care burden with family functionality was found in all three groups during the post-test (peasants: p: 0.024, Afro-Colombians: p: 0.00, urban p: 0.012), and a relationship of care burden and self-perception during the post-test in Afro-Colombians only (p: 0.022). Conclusion: In two of the groups involved, the program generates a statistically relevant effect on the self-perception of health of caregivers. There is a relationship between family functionality in the post-test with the burden of care in the three culturally diverse groups, which is statistically relevant, and there is a relationship between self-perception and burden of care in the post-test in the group of Afro-Colombians which is statistically significant.

Objetivo: Descrever o impacto de um programa educacional com perspectiva cultural para os cuidadores familiares de idosos com dependência funcional em três grupos culturalmente diversos na autopercepção de saúde, o funcionamento familiar e sua relação com carga de cuidados. Materiais e métodos: Estudo quantitativo de intervenção antes e após um programa educacional para cuidadores familiares de idosos funcionalmente dependentes. 88 cuidadores de três grupos culturais participaram: habitantes área urbana de Bogotá (30), camponeses de Cáqueza (26) e afro-colombianos de Guapi (32). Informações foram coletadas com as escalas Autopercepção de saúde, Apgar e Zarit, que medem a carga de cuidados. Análise descritiva e teste não paramétrico da classificação dos sinais de Wilcoxon em cada grupo e correlação de Spearman foram realizadas. Resultados: O programa teve um efeito estatisticamente significativo na autopercepção de saúde em camponeses (p = 0,018) e afro-colombianos (p = 0,048). A variável funcionalidade familiar não obteve resultados estatisticamente significantes em nenhum dos três grupos. No entanto, encontrou-se associação significativa da carga de cuidados com a funcionalidade da família nos três grupos, durante o pós-teste (camponeses: p: 0,024; afro-colombianos: p: 0,00; urbanos: p: 0,012) e uma relação entre taxa de carga de cuidados e autopercepção durante o pós-teste apenas em afro-colombianos (p: 0,022). Conclusão: Em dois dos grupos de intervenção, o programa gera um efeito estatisticamente significativo sobre a autopercepção de saúde dos cuidadores. Existe uma relação entre a funcionalidade da família na pós-teste com carga de cuidados nos três grupos culturalmente diversos, sendo estatisticamente significativa, e uma relação entre a autopercepção e a carga de cuidados no pós-teste no grupo de afro-colombianos que é estatisticamente significativa.

Siete nuevos registros de Arctiini (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) para Perú

Se presenta siete nuevos registros de Arctiini (Erebidae: Lepidoptera) para Perú. Algunas de las especies son raras en colecciones. Cada nuevo reporte pertenece a géneros diferentes, proporcionando para cada género las especies que ocurren en el Perú, basado en colecciones y las fuentes bibliográficas de las descripciones originales. Se da a conocer un nuevo sinónimo para Agyrtiola niepelti Gaede, 1926

Seven new Arctiini (Erebidae: Lepidoptera) are reported for Peru. Some of the species are rare among collections. Each new report belongs to different genera and the species given for each genus are those occurring in Peru, according to collections and literature references from their original descriptions. A new synonym is also reported for Agyrtiola niepelti Gaede, 1926

La polilla Copitarsia decolora: revisión del complejo de especies con base en la morfología genital masculina y de los huevos (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The moth Copitarsia decolora: a review of the species complex based on egg and male genital morphology (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Copitarsia decolora is a widely distributed polyphagous species with a large number of nominal changes due to phenotypic plasticity. We reviewed 14 males from Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Chile and the literature produced between 2003 and 2008. An analysis of the clasper complex of C. decolora male genitalia was performed by standard dissection. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of eggs structures were used as taxonomic characters. The genus Copitarsia comprises 23 species. C. corruda is considered a synonym of C. decolora. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (2): 769-776. Epub 2010 June 02.

Copitarsia decolora es una especie polífaga ampliamente distribuida con un gran número de cambios nominales debido a su plasticidad fenotípica. Examinamos 14 machos de México, Colombia, Venezuela, Perú y Chile y revisamos la literatura producida entre 2003 y 2008. Realizamos un análisis del clasper (digitus) de los órganos genitales masculinos del complejo de C. decolora mediante una disección estándar. Utilizamos fotografías de microscopio electrónico de barrido (SEM) del corion de los huevos como carácter taxonómico. El género Copitarsia queda compuesto por 23 especies. C. corruda se considera un sinónimo de C. decolora (Guenée).

Water-balance response of Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) tadpoles to graduated increase in environmental osmolarity / Resposta de Rhinella arenarum larvae a meio electrolítico e não electrolítico com aumento escalonado da osmolaridade

The water balance and the upper limit of osmotic tolerance of premetamorphic Rhinella arenarum larvae (Gosner's stage 26) was evaluated after semistatic incubation in electrolyte (NaCl) and non-electrolyte (mannitol) media following a protocol of progressively increased osmotic pressure. Wet and dry weights were measured to calculate the water content as a derived variable indicative of the hydric balance. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and integrated multivariate analysis. Tadpoles survived in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions up to 200 mOsm. The discriminant function was the best tool to describe the responses of the animals to external environmental stress under experimental conditions. The results were compared with those obtained in previous studies using a protocol of acute exposure to the same media used in this study. It was concluded that a) multivariate analysis is an appropriate approach to describe the responses of tadpoles to changes in the environmental physicochemical parameters, and b) progressive and acute acclimation to the experimental solutions induced similar responses.

Avaliou-se o balanço hídrico e o limite superior de tolerância osmótica em larvas pré-metamórficas do Rhinella arenarum (etapa 26 de Gosner) sob condições de incubação semiestáticas, num meio eletrolítico (NaCl) e não eletrolítico (manitol), seguindo um protocolo de aumento progressivo da pressão osmótica do meio. A quantificação das respostas se efetuou por meio da medição dos valores de peso úmido e seco e do cálculo, a partir destes, do conteúdo de água, como variável derivada indicativa do equilíbrio hídrico. A análise estatística foi realizada usando análise univariada e multivariada. As larvas conseguiram sobreviver em soluções eletrolíticas e não eletrolíticas até 200 mOsm. A função discriminante foi a melhor ferramenta para descrever as respostas dos animais ao estresse osmótico ambiental. Os resultados foram comparados com os obtidos em estudos anteriores, usando um protocolo de exposição aguda aos mesmos meios de incubação usados neste estudo. Concluiu-se: a) a análise multivariada é a aproximação adequada para descrever as respostas das larvas às mudanças nos parâmetros físico-químicos do seu meio; e b) tanto a aclimatação progressiva, como as exposições agudas às soluções experimentais induziram as respostas semelhantes.

Nota sinonímica em Chinaia Bruner & Metcalf (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Neocoelidiinae) / Synonymic note in Chinaia Bruner & Metcalf (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Neocoelidiinae)

Uma nova sinonímia é proposta: Chinaia caprella Kramer, 1958 = Neocoelidiana chlorata DeLong & Kolbe, 1975 syn. nov. A espécie é redescrita e ilustrada.

A new synonym is proposed: Chinaia caprella Kramer, 1958 = Neocoelidiana chlorata DeLong & Kolbe, 1975 syn. nov. The species is redescribed and illustrated.

NutriSyn: Knowledge Based Synonym Retrieval Service for Food and Dishes on the Web

Studies based on food analysis or food databases use the national standard food database. Although Internet information services are increasing gradually, users are only able to get definitive and profitable information using standard food terms. Until now, it has been uncommon to find food retrieval services that include users' regional or historical characteristics. Thus, this study introduces a prototype for Food and Dish Synonym Retrieval (NutriSyn) that includes synonyms and related words. The environments which NutriSyn was implemented were Linux for the server operating system, the Microsoft Windows series for the users' operating system and Apache for a web server. The development languages used are PHP, JavaScript and HTLM with a MySQL database. Users can access NutriSyn using Internet browsers. The main menu items are (1) Food Synonym DB, (2) Dish Synonym DB, (3) Food Information DB, (4) Dish Information DB, and (5) Food and Menu Synonym Retrieval. This system is expected to be a useful tool for food experts and inter- disciplinary research.

Propuesta de sinonimia para las especies de cangrejo dulceacuícola Hypolobocera solimani e Hypolobocera triangula de Colombia

A proposal to synonymize the freshwater crab species Hypolobocera solimani and Hypolobocera triangula from Colombia. It is proposed that Hypolobocera solimani and H. triangula be considered junior synonyms of H. alata and H. rotundilobata, respectively. We state that the following morphological differences represent natural variations within the population: a) first male gonopod, third maxilliped and larger cheliped between H. alata and H. solimani, and b) the differences of the first male gonopod between H. rotundilobata and H. triangula. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3): 987-994. Epub 2008 September 30.

Se propone considerar las especies H. solimani e H. triangula como sinónimos de H. alata e H. rotundilobata, respectivamente. Se afirma que las diferencias morfológicas a) del primer gonopodo, del tercer maxilipedo y de la quela mayor entre H. alata e H. solimani y b) las diferencias del primer gonopodo entre H. rotundilobata e H. triangula, no son significativas y se originan en variaciones naturales propias de las poblaciones.

Research Status and Prospect of the Genus Cantharellus Adans. ex Fr. (Cantharellaceae, Basidiomycota) / 微生物学通报

Cantharellus Adans. ex Fr., a member of the Cantharellaceae, Cantharellales, Homobasidiomycetes, Basidiomycota, is a widely distributed macro-fungal genus with an independent evolutionary lineage. It currently includes 65 species, of which 9 were recorded in China. In this article, research history of the genus was briefly reviewed and some controversial conclusions, especially the demarcation and naming of some taxa, discrimination among similar species, problems on C. cibarius Fr. and C. tubaeformis Fr.: Fr. complex, as well as their ecological conservation and bionic cultivation, are discussed based on the authors’ findings. Proposals for further research on biodiversities and sustainable utilizations were put forward at last.

Progress in TCM Informatics / 中国中医药信息杂志

Some outstanding progresses of relevant research are summarized,whilst the tasks and features of TCM informatics are discussed. The applications of random forest,self-organizing map,molecular docking and phylogenetic tree built with DNA polymorphism data etc. in TCM informatics are introduced. Some typical issues in the construction and maintenance of TCM database,involving ethnomedicine,phytochemistry and plant taxonomy etc.,are also discussed with abundant instances. TCM informatics integrating modern IT techniques motivates the development of TCM. The expansion of sources of TCM informatics and its internationalization is the fastrack of development.