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Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) has been shown to be implicated in the tumor immune escape, and associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in a variety of malignancies. Aims: To investigate the expression of Tim-3 in esophageal tumorigenesis and its clinical significance. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues from 103 esophageal cancer, 21 high-grade esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia, 16 low-grade esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia, and 20 chronic esophagitis were collected in this study. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression level of Tim-3 was evaluated; and the correlation of Tim-3 expression in cancerous tissue with the clinicopathological parameters of esophageal cancer was analyzed. Results: Tim-3 expression was increased from chronic esophagitis, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia to esophageal cancer (0.271±0.138, 0.368±0.198, 0.443±0.147, and 0.639±0.119, P0.05). Conclusions: Tim-3 expression is increased in esophageal tumorigenesis; overexpression of Tim-3 in esophageal cancer is closely correlated with tumor progression. Tim-3 might be served as a biomarker for development, progression and prognosis of esophageal cancer.
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Objective To assess the role of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) in regulation of interleukin(IL)-12 secretion by CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes from patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Methods From November 2017 to March 2018,a total of 47 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (psoriasis group) and 19 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled from Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated,and stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands.TIM-3 expression and IL-12 secretion by CD14+ monocytes were measured by flow cytometry.After blockade of TIM-3 pathway by anti-TIM-3 neutralizing antibody,changes in the downstream signaling pathway molecules in and IL-12 secretion by CD14+ monocytes were investigated.Two independent samples t-test was used for comparison between two groups,and Pearson correlation test for correlation analysis.Results Under the unstimulated condition,the level of IL-12 secreted by CD14+ monocytes was very low,and the proportion of CD14+TIM-3+ cells was significantly higher in the psoriasis group (12.20％ ± 2.83％) than in the control group (9.91％ ± 1.77％,t =3.270,P =0.001 7).After the stimulation with TLR ligands,the proportion of CD14+IL-12+ cells was significantly lower in the psoriasis group (13.49％ ± 2.80％) than in the control group (28.97％ ± 8.97％,t =10.71,P ＜0.000 1),but the proportion of CD14+TIM-3+ cells was still higher in the psoriasis group (6.80％ ± 1.11％)than in the control group (4.85％ ± 1.37％,t =6.064,P ＜ 0.000 1).The proportion of CD14+TIM-3+ cells was negatively correlated with that of CD14+IL-12+ cells in both the control group and psoriasis group (r =-0.473,-0.371 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).The TIM-3 pathway blockade could induce the decrease of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 in CD14+ monocytes,increase the phosphorylation of signaling transducers and activators of transcription 1,and promote IL-12 secretion by CD 14+ monocytes induced by keratinocytes isolated from psoriatic skin lesions.Conclusion TIM-3 plays a crucial role in the negative regulation of CD 14+ monocyte-induced innate immune response in psoriasis.
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Objective@#To assess the role of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) in regulation of interleukin (IL) -12 secretion by CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes from patients with psoriasis vulgaris.@*Methods@#From November 2017 to March 2018, a total of 47 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (psoriasis group) and 19 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled from Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated, and stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. TIM-3 expression and IL-12 secretion by CD14+ monocytes were measured by flow cytometry. After blockade of TIM-3 pathway by anti-TIM-3 neutralizing antibody, changes in the downstream signaling pathway molecules in and IL-12 secretion by CD14+ monocytes were investigated. Two independent samples t-test was used for comparison between two groups, and Pearson correlation test for correlation analysis.@*Results@#Under the unstimulated condition, the level of IL-12 secreted by CD14+ monocytes was very low, and the proportion of CD14+ TIM-3+ cells was significantly higher in the psoriasis group (12.20% ± 2.83%) than in the control group (9.91% ± 1.77%, t = 3.270, P = 0.001 7) . After the stimulation with TLR ligands, the proportion of CD14+ IL-12+ cells was significantly lower in the psoriasis group (13.49% ± 2.80%) than in the control group (28.97% ± 8.97%, t = 10.71, P < 0.000 1) , but the proportion of CD14+TIM-3+ cells was still higher in the psoriasis group (6.80% ± 1.11%) than in the control group (4.85% ± 1.37%, t = 6.064, P < 0.000 1) . The proportion of CD14+TIM-3+ cells was negatively correlated with that of CD14+ IL-12+ cells in both the control group and psoriasis group (r = -0.473, -0.371 respectively, both P < 0.05) . The TIM-3 pathway blockade could induce the decrease of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 in CD14+ monocytes, increase the phosphorylation of signaling transducers and activators of transcription 1, and promote IL-12 secretion by CD14+ monocytes induced by keratinocytes isolated from psoriatic skin lesions.@*Conclusion@#TIM-3 plays a crucial role in the negative regulation of CD14+ monocyte-induced innate immune response in psoriasis.
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of CD28,cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4),programmed death-1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim3) on T lymphocytes in chronic HBV-infected patients.Methods A total of 102 chronic HBV-infected patients,including 42 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),30 patients with hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis (LC),and 30 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),were enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University during October 2012 and June 2013.Thirty healthy individuals were also enrolled as controls.Expression of CD28,CTLA-4,PD-1,Tim-3 on T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry,and the differences among groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD-t test.Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlations of the expression of CD28,CTLA-4,PD-1,Tim-3 on T lymphocytes with HBV DNA loads,HBeAg and ALT.Results The expression of CD4 + CD28 +,CD8 + CD28 +,CD4 + CTLA-4 + in chronic HBV-infected patients were lower than those in healthy controls.CD4 + CD28 + expression in HCC group was lower than that in CHB group (t =2.373,P ＜ 0.05) ; CD8 + CD28 + expression in LC and HCC group was lower than that in CHB group (t =4.324 and 4.088,P ＜ 0.01) ; CD8 + PD-1 +,CD4 + Tim-3 + and CD8 + Tim-3 + expressions in CHB group were higher than those in LC,HCC group and healthy controls (t =3.051,3.130,3.121,3.254 and 3.723,P ＜0.01).CD8 + PD-1 + expression was positively correlated with ALT levels and HBV DNA loads (r =0.516 and 0.582,P ＜ 0.01) ; CD8 + Tim-3 + expression was also positively correlated with ALT levels andHBV DNA loads (r =0.578 and 0.556,P ＜0.01); PD-1 and Tim-3 expressions on CD8 T lymphocytes were positively correlated with each other (r =0.578,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of the molecules on T lymphocytes in chronic HBV-infected patients is closely correlated with immune function disorder and the progression of the disease.