Influential factors of hypoalbuminemia in patients with preeclampsia and observation of pregnancy outcomes / 中国基层医药

Objective:To analyze the influential factors of hypoalbuminemia in patients with preeclampsia and observe the pregnancy outcomes.Methods:The clinical data of 237 pregnant women with preeclampsia who received treatment in The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital) from July 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. These patients were divided into hypoproteinemia (observation group) and no hypoproteinemia (control group) groups according to whether they had hypoproteinemia. The general situation, clinical data, and adverse maternal and infant outcomes were statistically analyzed. Risk factors of hypoalbuminemia were analyzed using a logistic regression model. The predictive efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results:There were no significant differences in general data between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that D-dimer ( OR = 1.25, P = 0.004), 24-hour urinary protein ( OR = 1.29, P < 0.001), and total bile acid ( OR = 1.08, P = 0.010) were the independent risk factors for hypoproteinemia in preeclampsia. The predictive efficacy of these three indicators (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.855, P < 0.001) was greater than that of a single indicator. The incidences of adverse maternal and infant outcomes including placental abruption (9.4%, P = 0.019), liver and kidney dysfunction (34.4%, P < 0.001), pleural and ascitic fluid (28.1%, P = 0.001), fetal intrauterine growth restriction (50.0%, P = 0.001), fundus lesions (6.2%, P = 0.018), HELLP syndrome (9.4%, P = 0.019), mild neonatal asphyxia (15.6%, P = 0.022), severe asphyxia (6.2%, P = 0.049), metabolic acidosis (12.5%, P = 0.001), intrauterine infection (12.5%, P = 0.004), and neonatal hospitalization for more than 20 days (37.5%, P < 0.001) were greater in the observation group compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in postpartum hemorrhage, eclampsia, respiratory distress syndrome, fetal loss, and neonatal death between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion:D-dimer, 24-hour urinary protein, and total bile acid are independent risk factors for hypoproteinemia in preeclampsia. Patients with preeclampsia complicated by hypoproteinemia have a high risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes.

Thriving Traditional Birth Attendants in the Nigerian Church: Gate-way to Maternal and Perinatal Mortality - A Typical Example of Conflict in the Church. Review of Practices of Traditional Birth Attendants across the 23 Local Government Areas in Rivers State – South South Nigeria

Background: There is need to educate the pastors and the church congregation for the need for skilled birth attendants to handle pregnancy and labour related challenges in other to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. This is because, in some “maternities” in Nigeria traditional birth attendants (TBAs) attend to pregnancy related cases and in some instances these unconventional practices are extended to the local churches.Aim: To determine cases of TBAs practicing in churches and help prevent these unconventional obstetrics practices thus preventing maternal and perinatal motality.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of TBAs across all 23 local government areas of Rivers State in a lecture to prevent maternal death in the month of June 2019 in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Information was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: Forty questionnaires were distributed and 37 retrieved. The mean age was 44 years. They were all females. All ofthem were Christians. Their modal age of practice was 1 –5 years. As regards TBAs educational status, those with no formal education were 4 (10.8%), primary 6(16.2%), secondary 20 (54.1%) and tertiary 7 (18.9%). Eleven (29.7%) of the TBAs have ante natal care in the church out of which 6 (16.2%) conducts delivery in the church. Perinatal and maternal deaths recorded by the TBAs in the past 1 year were 7 (18.9%) and 1 (2.7%) respectively.Conclusion: There is need for our Pastors and churches in Nigeria to recognize the place of skilled birth attendants in attending to pregnancy and labour in other to reduce maternal /perinatal mortality and discourage TBAs from practicing in the church. n addition, the study revealed that majority of the TBAs had secondary level of education (54.1%). There is need for churches to encourage their members to seek the pre-requisite training by emphasizing acquiring the necessary education to improve their vocation as birth attendants.

Comparison of Serum Malondialdehyde Levels in Vitiligo Patients and Healthy Controls.

Vitiligo is an idiopathic, acquired, circumscribed, hypomelanotic skin disorder, characterized by depigmented or hypopigmented macules of different sizes and shapes. It is due to the destruction of melanocytes resulting in the absence of pigment production of the skin and mucosal surfaces. Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathophysiology of vitiligo. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage.1 Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of several low-molecular-weight end products formed via the decomposition of certain primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products. It is one of the important indicators of free radical-mediated tissue injury.METHODSIn this case control study, the serum MDA levels of 50 vitiligo patients were compared with 50 age and sex matched controls. Analysis was done in UV – Vis spectrophotometer and Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in the serum by a method based on Valipasha and Sadasivadu’s procedures for estimation of MDA.RESULTSMDA levels were high in cases and in patients with unstable and generalized vitiligo than in control group and stable and localized vitiligo with a significant p value. There was no significant gender difference in oxidative stress. This study concludes that oxidative stress has a significant role in development of vitiligo.CONCLUSIONSThere is oxidative stress in vitiligo as the serum level of malondialdehyde a marker of lipid peroxidation is elevated in vitiligo cases compared to controls.

Some Quality Parameters of Powdered Soups Prepared from Different Fish Species

Abstract In this study, we aim to determine the shelf life of dried and ready to use-powdered soup samples obtained from different types of fish species such as Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), sea bream (Sparusaurata L.) and sea bass (Dicentrarchuc labrax). For this purpose, the chemical (moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, pH, Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), microbiological (total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total yeast and mold, total coliform, Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp.) and sensory properties of fish soup samples were determined during 6-month storage period. The pH, TBA and TVB-N values of all samples increased during the storage period, but these values were within the consumption limits. Additionally, the microbiological properties of all fish soup samples were found within the consumption limits during storage. As a result, a product has been obtained with high nutritional value and rich with regard to protein, oil, and minerals by adding the fish meat to soup samples. It has been determined that the product quality and shelf life significantly increased by using the boiled product for the production of soup samples.

Effects of Gamma Globulin Combined with Phototherapy on Serum Prealbumin and Total Bile Acid of ABO Hemolytic Children / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of gamma globulin combined with phototherapy on serum preal-bumin(PAB)and total bile acid(TBA)of ABO hemolytic children. METHODS:A total of 90 ABO hemolytic children in our hos-pital during Feb. 2014-Sept. 2016 were selected as research objects and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table,with 45 cases in each group. Both groups were given routine active correction of hypoxia and pretreatment for possible hypoglycemia and hypothermia. Control group was additionally given phototherapy with wavelength of 425-475 nm. Ob-servation group was additionally given Human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection (pH4) 1.0g/kg was added to normal saline 10 mL,ivgtt,on the basis of control group and treated for 1 d. The time of jaundice regression,phototherapy duration and hospital-ization time were compared between 2 groups,and the levels of PAB and TBA were compared before and after treatment. The occur-rence of ADR was recorded in 2 groups. RESULTS:The time of jaundice regression,phototherapy duration and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the levels of PAB or TBA between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the level of PAB was increased significantly in 2 groups,while the level of TBA was decreased significantly;the observation group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Gamma globulin combined with phototherapy can significantly shorten the time of clinical symptom im-provement,increase serum level of PAB whlie decrease serum level of TBA in ABO hemolytic children,with good safety.

Clinical Significance of Detecting Serum TBA and CG in Early Diagnosis of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Perinatal Adverse Outcomes Influence / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum total bile acid(TBA)and cholyglycine(CG)detection in the early diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP)and perinatal adverse outcomes.Methods Chose 67 ca-ses of ICP pregnant women diagnosed and treated in Chang'an Hospital from June 2015 to June 2017 and they were selected as observation group.According to the 2015 edition of the diagnostic guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of intrahe-patic cholestasis of pregnancy.The patients were divided into mild ICP group and severe ICP group,and 60 healthy pregnant women were selected as the control group.The serum TBA concentration was measured by fifth generation cyclic enzyme method and the concentration of serum CG was detected by latex enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay.The serum TBA,CG test results and the rate of abnormal test results,the incidence rate of perinatal adverse outcomes were compared between groups.Evaluation of serum TBA and CG detection of pregnancy early diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis and clinical value of perinatal adverse outcomes.Results The detection results of serum TBA and CG in the control group,mild ICP group and severe ICP group,there were significant differences between the three groups,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01),the detection results in the CG group,serum TBA,ICP slightly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=22.27,39.68,P<0.05).Weight of serum TBA and ICP group,the results of CG was higher than that of patients with mild ICP group,the difference was statistically significant(t=10.24,70.87,P<0.05).And in the con-trol group,mild ICP group,severe ICP group pregnant women serum TBA,CG test results increased with the aggravation of the disease.Serum TBA and CG abnormal results in 60 cases of the control group were not detected.In 67 cases of group ICP(mild ICP group and severe ICP group)were 63 cases and 61 cases,two groups of abnormal results rate comparison,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=29.35,31.27,P<0.01).Perinatal premature labor,fetal distress,perinatal death and stillbirth incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes in the control group,mild ICP group and severe ICP group were significantly different between the three groups(χ2=39.17,56.31,13.02,6.92,P<0.01).Conclusion Intrahepatic chole-stasis of pregnancy,serum TBA and CG increased significantly,can be used as a sensitive indicator of ICP diagnosis,improve the detection rate of ICP,and effectively predict perinatal outcome.For intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy early detection and early diagnosis,it has important clinical significance.

Clinical Value of Combined Detection of Prealbumin Total Bile Acid and Liver Biopsy in Chronic Hepatitis / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of combined test of prealbumin (PA),total bile acid(TBA)and liver bi-opsy in chronic hepatitis.Methods 172 patients hospitalized with chronic hepatitis in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an Uni-versity Medical College from October,2013 to March,2014 was collected as the chronic hepatitis group;and 45 cases of nor-mal healthy control of the corresponding period was collected as the control group.Prealbumin,TBA was detected respec-tively in the two groups.Immunoturbidimetry was adopted in PA,Enzymatic cycling assay was employed in TBA,and at the same time percutaneous puncture of liver histology was detected in the chronic hepatitis group.Results The PA in the chro-nic hepatitis group (179.12±8.46 mg/L)was lower than the control group (257.34±6.38 mg/L),and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The TBA in the chronic hepatitis group (30.58±9.37 μmol/L)was higher than the con-trol group (8.16±1.59 μmol/L)and also the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).PA was negatively correla-ted with the pathological grades (rs =-0.617,P <0.05),and TBA was positively correlated with pathological grades (rs =0.724,P <0.05).The separate diagnostic positive rate of PA was 58.7% (101/172),while the TBA was 93.6% (161/172).The combined diagnostic positive rate of the two was 93.6% (161/172),it was higher than the separate rate and was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of PA and TBA can reflect the extent and degree of hypo-hepatia and hepatic inflammation,and the combined detection of the two will be much sensitive to the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis,and compared with histological detection,it is convenient,simple,and easy to operate.

Pattern of Newborn care and associated Health Problems among home delivered children

Background and Objectives: Newborn Care practices during neonatal period contribute to risk of mortality and morbidity. It is estimated that in Nepal nearly 50,000 children under one year of age die every twelve months. This study aims to identify newborn care and practices in rural area in the study population. Methodology: 248 mothers having children of age < 6 months having delivery at home were selected from ten VDCs of Sunsari district using multistage random sampling. Standardized questionnaire were filled through interview with mothers/ female head of the family who assisted the delivery. Data were analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 17. Chi-square test was conducted and p-value < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: More than half (53.6%) of the newborns were assisted with Clean Home Delivery Kit. However, only 32.6% of the newborn babies applied antiseptic disinfectant to umbilical stump. Majority (76.6%) of the newborns bathed within 24 hour after birth. Less than half of respondents (41.9%) started breast feeding within 1 hour of birth and majority of the respondents (82.7%) fed colostrums to the newborn. Majority (37.9%) of children suffered from Acute Respiratory tract Infection, jaundice, redness and discharge around the cord, skin rashes and eye discharge. The methods used to make room warm was significantly associated (χ2 = 13.68, p- value = 0.001) with the occurrence of ARI. Materials applied for dressing of cord was significantly associated with problems of cord in babies (χ2 = 10.89, p- value = 0.004). Discharge from eye was found more among the babies who applied kajal however it was statistically insignificant. (χ2 = 0.60 p=0.439). Conclusion: High-risk traditional newborn care practices are common and need to be addressed.

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of cassytha filiformis.

The study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Cassytha filliformis for the first time. The antioxidant activity of cassytha filiformis extracts in hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were assessed based on their radical scavenging activity (RSA) using the DPPH assay. Methanolic extract showed good antioxidant activity when compared with standard Butylated hydroytoluene(BHT). Further, the methanolic extracts were evaluated by Ferric thiocyanate(FTC) method, Thiobarbituric acid(TBA) test and Superoxide anion radical scavenging assay. The results obtained suggest that methanolic extract of cassytha filiformis have promising therapeutic potential and could be considered as potential source for drug development by pharmaceutical industries.

Effects of modified fixed reverse Twin-block appliance on soft tissue in treatment of adult Angle Ⅲ anterior crossbite / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the curative effects of the modified fixed reverse Twin-block ap-pliance (TBA)combined Edgewise in the treatment of adult Angle Ⅲ anterior crossbite. Methods The appliance was used in 18 subjects with adult Angle Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion and clinical characters and X-ray cephalometry were then compared before and after treatment. Results The mandibular soft tissue changes could be achieved fast and the profile had changed effectively. Moderate labioclination of maxil-lary anterior teeth played a role in the improvement of axillary soft tissue protrusion. The cases were fol-lowed up as long as 3 years. No relapse occurred in all the patients. Anterior occlusion was normal. Con-clusion All findings indicate that adult Angle Ⅲ anterior crossbite can be quickly corrected with the mod-ified fixed reverse TBA combined Edgewise. The effect on mandibular soft tissue is significant.

Determinación d la actividad antioxidante en u modelo de peroxidación lipídicca de mantequilla inhibida por el isoespintanol / Anioxidant activvity determinationin a lipidic peroxidation modell of butter inhibited by isoespintanol

En este trabajo se evalúa la actividad antioxidante (Φ), definida como la pendiente de la regresión simple lineal de f o /f i contra la concentración µM, en un modelo de inhibición de la peroxidación lipídica de mantequilla a 60ºC, donde fi es el efecto de cada concentración del isoespintanol y fo es el control. Se encuentra que la formación de hidroperóxidos (valor de peróxido PV) y las especies mas oxidadas reactivas al ácido tiobarbiturico (TBARS) fueron retardadas de manera similar por el isoespintanol (ΦTBARS=9.46x10-5 ± 1.33x10-5 y ΦPV = 9.41x10-5 ± 1.62x10-5). De igual manera, el butilhidroxi tolueno y el isoespintanol inhiben el proceso oxidativo de mantequilla en un 28.0 y 23.3 % a concentraciones de 2380.9 y 3809.5 µM respectivamente.

The antioxidant activity (Φ) is defined as the slope of the simple linear regression of f0/f i against the concentration µM, in an inhibition model of lipid peroxidation of butter at 60° C, where f i is the concentration effect of isoespintanol and f0 is the control. It is found that the formation of: hydroperoxides (peroxide value of PV) and the most oxidized species reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), were similarly delayed by isoespintanol (ΦTBARS = 9.46x10-5 ± 1.33x10-5 and ΦPV = 9.41x10-5 ± 1.62x10-5). Likewise, the butilhidroxy toluene and isoespintanol inhibit the oxidative process of butter in a 28.0 and 23.3% at concentrations of 2380.9 and 3809.5 µ M respectively.

Oxidative Stress of Mouse Fed Irradiated Diet Containing High Unsaturated Fatty Acid

In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect by intake of the irradiated foods such as mackerel and sesame seed which are high in unsaturated fatty acid through TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive subtance) and the tissue pathological and genotoxicological test. Thirty two ICR mice are divided into four groups, one non-irradiated (control) group and three irradiated (5, 10, 20 kGy, respectively) groups. Sesame seed and pulverized mackerel in modified AIN93M diet were mixed together then divided into four identical parts. Three parts of them were irradiated by doses of 5, 10, and 20 kGy. These experimental diet were fed to each group for 4, 8 and 16 weeks. The results of the study were as follows: No significant differences in weight gain were found in each group. Peroxide value of the irradiated diet was higher than that of the non-radiated one and also increased according to the storage period. TBA values in plasma, liver, kidney and Peyer's patch were not significantly different among 4 groups. DNA% in tail, tail length (TL) and tail moment (TM) values of the blood lymphocyte in 4, 8 and 16 week groups and the liver in 16 week group were much measured over the control. DNA% in tail of kidney of 8 week group was significantly larger than the control and TL and TM of 8 week and TM of 16 week groups showed a tendency of higher values. By Peyer's patch, DNA% in tail of 8 week group, DNA% in tail and TM of 16 week groups increased significantly over the control. Ultrastructural examination shows myeline figures and swollen mitochondria in parietal cells and intestinal epithelial cells of 8 and 16 weeks groups. After this study, we need further investigations on the safety of highly consumed foods which contai high contents of unsaturated fatty acid, largely imported and which are possible to be irradiated.

Advance of Study on the MTBE Degradation by Microbes / 微生物学通报

The contamination of groundwater by methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) has become widespread.As a result,the bioremediation of MTBE is becoming an active area of research.In this paper,the progress of the studies on the degradation of MTBE by microbes was reviewed,focusing on the aerobic strains that could degrade MTBE.The possible metabolic pathways of MTBE were discussed as two main pathways separated by tert-butyl alcohol(TBA).The effect of environment factors,coexisting pollutants,and inter metabolite on the MTBE degradation were also discussed.