Estimation of Stature Based on Metatarsal Bones in a Thai Population / Estimación de la Estatura Basada en los Huesos Metatarsianos en una Población Tailandesa

SUMMARY: Stature estimation is one of the essential procedures for personal identification in forensic osteology. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to analyze the correlation between length and width of metatarsal measurements and stature, and to develop the regression equations for a Thai population. In this study, the samples were divided into two groups. The first group was called the "training group" for generating stature estimation equations, comprised of 200 skeletons, aged between 19-94 years. The second group was called the "test group" for evaluating the accuracy of generated equations, comprising 40 skeletons. The correlation between metatarsal parameters and stature were moderate to high, and all variables had positive significant correlation with stature. For males, the left ML2 is the length variable that showed the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.702), and the left MSW4 is the width variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.483). For females, right ML1 is the length variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.632), and right PW3 is the width stature that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.481). For all samples, left ML1 was the length variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.796) and right PW3 was the width variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.712). The results of generating multiple regression equations using a stepwise method reveals that the correlation coefficient (R) and standard error of estimate (SEE) were 0.761 and 4.96 cm, respectively, for males, and 0.752 and 4.93 cm for females, with 0.841 and 5.26 cm for all samples, respectively. According to these results, the mean of absolute error from the test group ranged from 3 to 5 cm. Therefore, stature estimation equations using length and width of metatarsals from our study can be applied to estimate stature in the Thai population.

La estimación de la estatura es uno de los procedimientos esenciales para la identificación personal en osteología forense. Por lo tanto, los propósitos de este estudio fueron analizar la correlación entre la longitud y el ancho de las medidas metatarsianas y la estatura, y desarrollar las ecuaciones de regresión para una población tailandesa. Las muestras se dividieron en dos grupos. El primer grupo se denominó "grupo de entrenamiento" para generar ecuaciones de estimación de estatura, compuesto por 200 esqueletos, con edades comprendidas entre los 19 y los 94 años. El segundo grupo se denominó "grupo de prueba" para evaluar la precisión de las ecuaciones generadas, que comprende 40 esqueletos. La correlación entre los parámetros metatarsianos y la estatura fue de moderada a alta, y todas las variables tuvieron una correlación significativa positiva con la estatura. Para el sexo masculino, la variable longitud ML2 izquierda es la que mayor grado de correlación presentó con la estatura (r=0,702), y la izquierda MSW4 fue la variable ancho la que mayor grado de correlación presentó con la estatura (r=0,483). Para el sexo femenino, ML1 derecho fue la variable longitud que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,632), y PW3 derecha fue la variable ancho estatura que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,481). Para todas las muestras, ML1 izquierdo fue la variable longitud que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,796) y PW3 derecha fue la variable ancho que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,712). Los resultados de generar ecuaciones de regresión múltiple usando un método paso a paso revela que el coeficiente de correlación (R) y el error estándar de estimación (SEE) fueron 0,761 y 4,96 cm, respectivamente, para los hombres y 0,752 y 4,93 cm para las mujeres, con 0,841 y 5,26 cm para todas las muestras, respectivamente. De acuerdo con estos resultados, la media del error absoluto del grupo de prueba osciló entre 3 y 5 cm. Por lo tanto, las ecuaciones de estimación de la estatura que utilizan la longitud y el ancho de los metatarsianos de nuestro estudio se pueden aplicar para estimar la estatura en la población tailandesa.

Avaliação de curvas de crescimento morfométrico de linhagens de tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) / Evaluation of morhometric growth curves of tilapia of Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) strains

Com o objetivo de avaliar curvas de crescimento morfométrico de linhagens de tilápias em função dos pesos de abate, um experimento foi conduzido no setor de piscicultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras, M.G.- Brasil. Foram avaliados 362 peixes da linhagem Chitralada e 345 da Supreme, pesando entre 1,7 e 800 g. Com o crescimento dos animais, amostras aleatórias foram tomadas, sendo os peixes abatidos, pesados e submetidos à avaliação morfométrica. Foram ajustados diferentes modelos de crescimento de medidas corporais em função do peso de abate. Pequenas diferenças entre os ajustes dos modelos foram encontradas para o valor assintótico (A) e grandes diferenças para a taxa de crescimento relativo à maturidade (K) para todas as medidas. Os modelos de Brody e Logístico apresentaram maiores diferenças, ficando os modelos de Gompertz e von Bertalanffy em posição intermediária. A linhagem Supreme obteve valores de "A" ligeiramente maiores, para o comprimento padrão (CP), e ligeiramente menores, para a altura do corpo, em relação aos valores obtidos pela linhagem Chitralada, e essa apresentou maior "K" para a relação comprimento da cabeça/comprimento padrão. Conclui-se que os modelos não lineares de Gompertz, Brody, von Bertalanffy e Logístico descrevem adequadamente o crescimento morfométrico de tilápias do Nilo em função do peso corporal, sendo mais indicados os modelos de Gompertz e von Bertalanffy, tanto para a linhagem Chitralada quanto para a Supreme, considerando que foram pequenas as diferenças existentes entre as duas linhagens.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the morphometric growth curves of tilapia strains in function of the body weight, an experiment was carried out at the Fish Culture of the Animal Sciences Department, Federal University of Lavras, M.G-Brazil. Three hundred sixty-two (362) fish of the Chitralada strain and three hundred forty-five (345) of the Supreme strain, weighting between 1,7 and 800 g were used. With the animals' growth, random samples were taken; the fish were slaughtered, weighted and submitted morphometric evaluation. Different models of growth of body measurements in function of the body weight were fitted. In general, the measurements were adequately adjusted. Shorts differences were found between the fit of the models for limiting values (A) and high differences for growth rate relative the maturity (K) for all the measurements. The Brody and Logistic models had higher differences than Gompertz and von Bertalanffy that stayed in intermediary position. The Supreme strain had "A" for standard length (SL) slightly higher and for body height slightly smaller than Chitralada strain. The Chitralada strain had higher "K" for head length/standard lenght relation than Supreme strain. The Gompertz, Brody, von Bertallanffy e Logistic models described adequately the morphometric growth of tilapia in function of body weight, being more indicate the models Gompertz and von Bertalanffy. The differences between Chitralada and Supreme tilapia strains were small.