Identification and analysis of the TALE transcription factor family in radish / 生物工程学报

Three-amino acid loop extension (TALE) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and cell differentiation. There are plenty of studies on TALE transcription factors in several model plants, but not in radish (Raphanus sativas). A genome-wide bioinformatics analysis identified 33 TALE family genes in the Xiang-Ya-Bai (XYB) radish, These genes, are distributed on nine chromosomes and all contain 4-6 exons. The 33 TALE genes in radish showed a co-linearity relationship with the 17 homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, a large number of stress response cis-elements were found in the promoter regions of these genes. Expression analysis showed that four genes in the BELL subfamily were highly expressed in roots, and two genes in the KNOX subfamily were highly expressed in shoots of bolting plants and callus. All radish TALE genes contain sequences encoding the conserved HOX domain, except for the gene RSA10037940, which is homologous to Arabidopsis KNATM. The deduced 3D structures of the TALE proteins irrespective of subtypes are highly similar. All the encoded proteins were weakly acidic and hydrophilic. The radish TALE gene family is relatively evolutionarily conserved, which was consistent with results from Arabidopsis, but quite different from that of rice. This study provides important clues for studying the biological functions of TALE transcription factors in radish.

Escuta clínica e o conto de fadas: relato de experiência no atendimento à criança institucionalizada / La escucha clínica y el cuento de hadas: relato de experiencia en el cuidado de niños institucionalizados / Clinical listening and the fairy tale: experience report in caring for institutionalized children / L'écoute clinique et le conte de fées: rapport d'expérience dans la prise en charge d'enfants institutionnalisés

A escuta clínica de crianças em contextos institucionais, como os serviços de acolhimento, tem suscitado debates no campo do Sistema Único de Assistência Social. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar a experiência de atendimento à criança em acolhimento institucional. Reflete-se, pois, sobre a possibilidade da escuta clínica, a partir da utilização do conto de fadas como recurso terapêutico. Para tanto, apresenta-se fragmentos de um caso atendido, pela primeira autora, em uma instituição de acolhimento para crianças e adolescentes em um município do estado do Pará. Compreende-se que é possível a criação de espaços de falas, a partir de recursos favorecedores da expressão da criança (conto de fadas) em outros campos de atuação do psicólogo (acolhimento institucional), flexibilizando o enquadramento de atendimento na perspectiva da clínica psicanalítica e ampliada

La escucha clínica de los niños en contextos institucionales, como las guarderías, ha suscitado debates en el ámbito del Sistema Único de Asistencia Social. Así, el objetivo de este estudio es reportar la experiencia del cuidado de niños en instituciones de cuidado. Por tanto, reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de la escucha clínica, a partir del uso del cuento de hadas como recurso terapéutico. Por tanto, fragmentos de un caso atendido por el primer autor se presentan en un albergue para niños y adolescentes de un municipio del estado de Pará, favoreciendo la expresión del niño (cuento de hadas) en otros campos de trabajo del psicólogo (atención institucional), flexibilizando el encuadre del cuidado en la perspectiva de la clínica psicoanalítica y ampliada

The clinical listening of children in institutional contexts, such as childcare services, has raised debates in the field of the Unified Social Assistance System. Thus, the aim of this study is to report the experienceof caring for children in institutional care. Therefore, it reflects on the possibility of clinical listening, from the use of the fairy tale as a therapeutic resource. Therefore, fragments of a case attended by the first author are presented in a shelterfor children and adolescents in a municipality in the state of Pará. It's understood that it is possible to create spaces for speech, from resources that favor the child's expression (fairy tale) in other fields of activity of the psychologist (institutional care), making the framing of care in the perspective of psychoanalytic clinic and extended

L'écoute clinique des enfants dans des contextes institutionnels, tels que les services de garde d'enfants, a soulevé des débats dans le domaine du Système Unifié d'Assistance Sociale. Ainsi, le but de cette étude est de rapporter l'expérience de prise en charge d'enfants en institution. Dès lors, il réfléchit à la possibilité d'une écoute clinique, à partir de l'utilisation du conte de fées comme ressource thérapeutique. Par conséquent, des fragments d'un cas assisté par le premier auteur sont présentés dans un foyer pour enfants et adolescents dans une municipalité de l'État du Pará favorisant l'expression de l'enfant (conte de fées) dans d'autres domaines de travail du psychologue (soins institutionnels ), assouplir le cadrage des soins dans la perspective de la clinique psychanalytique et étendue

Tenda do conto: reflexões da experiência do encantamento no trabalho em saúde / Tent of the tale: reflections of the experience of enchantment in health work / Tienda del cuento: reflexiones de la experiencia del encantamiento en el trabajo en salud / Tente du conte: réflexions de l'expérience de l'enchantment dans le travail de santé

Esse artigo apresenta reflexões a partir da vivência da Tenda do Conto, metodologia aplicada em uma dissertação de mestrado que objetivou compreender como trabalhadores da saúde constroem cuidados de si. Através da pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, técnicas de enfermagem participaram da experiência. Apresentaram-se como resultados: singularidade dos processos existenciais, descrição das experiências com o sofrimento no trabalho, relatos de si para além do campo discursivo institucional, ampliação da capacidade de expressão do corpo sensível. Espera-se contribuir com a Tenda do Conto como ferramenta metodológica para diferentes pesquisas, por fazer emergir diferentes narrativas sobre o vivido, dando centralidade à constituição de si como uma rede viva de existência. Além disso, este estudo teve um efeito a mais que foi facilitar aos participantes uma ampliação da sua compreensão do sofrimento vivido no cotidiano do trabalhador e a possibilidade de uma nova visão do que seja o cuidado de si nesse campo.

This article presents reflections based on the Tent of the Tale experience, a methodology applied in a Master's dissertation that aimed to understand how health workers build care of themselves. Through descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, nursing techniques participated in the experiment.The following results were presented: singularity of existential processes, description of experiences with suffering at work, reports of themselves beyond the institutional discursive field, expansion of the sensitive body's capacity of expression. It is hoped to contribute with the Tent of the Tale as a methodological tool for different researches from making different narratives emerge about the lived, giving centrality to the constitution of oneself as a living network of existence. Moreover, this study had the additional effect of facilitating to the participants an amplification of their understanding of the suffering lived in the daily life of the worker as well as the possibility of a new vision of what is the care of oneself in that area.

Este articulo apresenta reflexiones a partir de la vivencia de la Tienda del Cuento, metodología aplicada en una disertación de maestría, que propuso comprender como trabajadores de la salud construyen cuidados de sí. A través de la investigación descriptiva, con abordaje cualitativo, técnicas de enfermería participaron de la experiencia. Se presentó como resultados: singularidad de los procesos existenciales, descripción de las experiencias con el sufrimiento en el trabajo, relatos de sí más allá del campo discursivo institucional, ampliación de la capacidad de expresión del cuerpo sensible. Se espera contribuir con la Tienda del Cuento como herramienta metodológica para diferentes tipos de investigaciones, por hacer emerger diferentes narrativas sobre lo vivido, dando centralidad a la constitución de sí como una red viva de existencia. Además, este estudio tuvo otro efecto, facilitar a los participantes una ampliación de su comprensión del sufrimiento vivido en el cotidiano del trabajador y la posibilidad de una nueva visión de lo que sea el cuidado de sí en ese campo.

Cet article présente des réflexions sur le vécu sur la Tente du Conte, méthodologie appliquée dans la dissertation de maîtrise ayant par but la compréhension de comment les travailleurs de la santé bâtissent les soins de soi. Parcourant la recherche descriptive, avec une approche qualitative, techniques de soin des malades prenant partie de l'expérience. Avec les résultats suivants : singularité des processus existentiels, description des expériences avec souffrance au travail, récit de soi au-delà du champ descriptif institutionnel, élargissement de la capacité d'expression du corps sensible. En espérant contribuer avec la Tente du Conte en tant qu'outil méthodologique pour différentes recherches, afin de faire émerger plusieurs récits sur le vécu, en donnant une place centrale à la constitution de soi comme un réseau vivant d'existence. En plus, cette étude a eu un effet supplémentaire, à savoir, faciliter aux participants un élargissement de leur compréhension de la souffrance vécue au quotidien du travailleur et la possibilité d'une nouvelle vision de ce que peut être le soin de soi dans ce domaine.

Para situar a pulsão de morte: ata esquecida da Sociedade Psicanalítica de Viena / To locate the death drive concept: forgotten minute of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Society / Para situar la pulsion de muerte: ata olvidada de la Sociedad Psiconalítica de Viena / Pour situer la pulsion de mort: une minute oubliée de la Société Psychanalytique de Vienne

Tentamos aqui situar o conceito de pulsão de morte. Entre as várias fontes existentes, dispomos das cartas de Freud e de atas esparsas das reuniões da Sociedade Psicanalítica de Viena, anotadas por jovens psicanalistas que participavam dessas primeiras reuniões. Uma entre elas é preciosa, na medida em que transcreve falas de Freud sobre a pulsão de morte quando a Sociedade discute O mal-estar na cultura. Nessa ocasião, Freud introduz um paradoxo facilmente compreensível a partir de suas referências à literatura de língua alemã.

We try to locate here the concept of death drive here. Among existing sources, we have the letters of Freud and the sparse Minutes of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, annotated by young psychoanalysts who attended. One of them is precious, in that it transcribes Freud's sayings about the death drive when the Society discusses Civilization and its Discontents. On this occasion, Freud introduces a paradox that is easily understood based on his references to literature.

Intentamos localizar aquí el concepto de pulsion de muerte. Entre diversas fuentes existentes, tenemos las cartas de Freud y las escasas actas de la Sociedad Psicoanalítica de Viena, anotadas por jóvenes psicoanalistas. Uno de ellas es preciosa, ya que transcribe las palabras de Freud sobre la pulsión de muerte cuando la Sociedad discute el Malestar en la Cultura. En esta ocasión, Freud introduce una paradoja que se entiende fácilmente por sus referencias a la literatura.

Nous essayons ici de situer la pulsion de mort. Parmi les sources existantes, les lettres de Freud et les rares procès-verbaux des réunions de la Société psychanalytique de Vienne, annotés par les jeunes psychanalystes. L'une d'entre elles est précieuse, car elle transcrit les propos de Freud sur la pulsion de mort lorsque la Société discute son livre Malaise dans la civilisation. À cette occasion, Freud introduit un paradoxe, facilement compréhensible à partir de ses références à la littérature.

Fairy tales for the training of teachers for team-based learning:inspiration from the team-based learning training in Kaohsiung Medical University / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the author's experience in the training of teachers for team-based learning(TBL)in Kaohsiung Medical University,this study reviewed the specific methods of fairy tales in the training of TBL teachers.The selection of fairy tale cases should consider the background of the trainees and try to meet the needs of interdisciplinary integrated courses.Case editing and questions should reflect the importance and necessity of TBL pre-reading.In addition,this study explored the psychological mechanism,training advantages,training difficulties,and popularity of TBL teacher training based on fairy tales.

Fairy tales for the training of teachers for team-based learning: inspiration from the team-based learning training in Kaohsiung Medical University / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the author's experience in the training of teachers for team-based learning (TBL) in Kaohsiung Medical University, this study reviewed the specific methods of fairy tales in the training of TBL teachers. The selection of fairy tale cases should consider the background of the trainees and try to meet the needs of interdisciplinary integrated courses. Case editing and questions should reflect the importance and necessity of TBL pre-reading. In addition, this study explored the psychological mechanism, training advantages, training difficulties, and popularity of TBL teacher training based on fairy tales.

O conto como possibilidade de revivência representacional do abandono / The story as a possible abandonment of representational revival

Acolhimento institucional é o termo utilizado para designar o processo que acolhe e protege crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco pessoal e/ou risco social. A história do acolhido é permeada de situações difíceis, principalmente voltadas ao abandono. Essas situações difíceis podem ser trabalhadas pelos Contos de Fada, que é capaz de traduzir emoções, sentimentos e reelaborar as representações mentais. Realizou-se um grupo de caráter profilático com três crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional, com o objetivo de compreender o impacto da utilização do Conto de Fada nas representações do abandono dos acolhidos. Prevaleceram defesas mais regressivas, a cisão de objeto e o desejo e a esperança da constituição de uma família. No decorrer dos encontros as representações mentais modificaram-se.(AU)

Shelter is the term used to designate the institution that protects children and adolescents at personal risk situation and / or social risk. The children's story is permeated with difficult situations, mainly about abandonment. These can be worked by Fairy Tales, which are able to translate emotions, feelings and redraw the mental representations. A prophylactic treatment group was conducted with three children in residential care situation. The aim of this study was to understand the impact of using the Fairy Tale in the children's abandonment representations. The regressive defenses prevailed, the spin-off and the desire and the hope of having a family. During the meetings, the mental representations have changed.(AU)

Child psychotherapy mediated by children's stories: case study from the perspective of Psychodrama / Psicoterapia infantil mediada por cuentos infantiles: estudio de caso en la perspectiva del Psicodrama

Este texto tem o objetivo de apresentar a utilização dos contos infantis como ferramenta lúdica no trabalho psicoterapêutico com crianças. Apresenta o embasamento teórico e o caso clínico de uma criança que chegou para atendimento e tinha a agressividade como queixa principal. Ao final, observou-se, com a utilização de um recurso ao mesmo tempo lúdico e dramático, a possibilidade de diminuição das respostas repetitivas, conservadas, bem como de incremento de respostas inéditas e criativas, a partir de um aumento da espontaneidade como catalisador desse processo criativo, conforme propõe a teoria psicodramática.

This work aims to present the use of children's stories as a playful tool in the psychotherapeutic work with children. It presents the theoretical basis and a clinical case of a child who was taken to care, having the aggressiveness as the main complaint. At the end, with the use of a resource that was both playful and dramatic, it was observed the possibility of reducing the repetitive and conserved responses, as well as increasing the unprecedented and creative responses, through a growth in spontaneity as a catalyst of this creative process as proposed by psychodrama theory.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar el uso de cuentos para niños como herramienta lúdica en el trabajo psicoterapéutico con niños. Presenta la teoría y el caso clínico de un niño que vino a servir, y la agresividad como la queja principal. Al final se observó, con el uso de un recurso a la vez entretenido y dramático, la posibilidad de reducción de las respuestas repetitivas almacenado, así como un aumento de las respuestas creativas e inéditas, a partir de un aumento en la espontaneidad como un catalizador de ese proceso creativo que propone la teoría de psicodrama.

Infección de callo embriogénico friable de yuca con Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) / Cassava friable embryogenic calli infection with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam)

Las nuevas tecnologías para la edición de genomas, como los TALEN y el sistema CRISPR/Cas9, representan una gran oportunidad para mejorar características deseables en diferentes organismos. Los TALEN son el resultado del acoplamiento de nucleasas a los TALE (Transcription Activator-Like Effectors), los cuales son efectores naturales de gran importancia en la patogénesis de las especies de Xanthomonas. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) es el agente causal del añublo bacteriano de la yuca, quien durante el proceso patogénico es capaz de translocar sus efectores a la célula vegetal mediante el sistema de secreción tipo tres (SSTT). Actualmente no hay protocolos estándar para la edición de genomas en yuca. En este estudio se exploró la posibilidad de translocar efectores sobre callo embriogénico friable (CEF) a través de la inoculación con Xam, con el fin de determinar el potencial de este patógeno como sistema de entrega de TALEN. El CEF de dos variedades de yuca susceptibles (COL2215 y cv. 60444) se cocultivaron con la cepa Xam668 a diferentes tiempos. Posteriormente, se evaluó la expresión de marcadores correspondientes a los genes blanco conocidos para los TALE presentes en esta cepa bacteriana. Aunque no se logró demostrar la translocación de los mismos en el tejido embriogénico, sí se lograron establecer condiciones adecuadas de cocultivo con Xam y el efecto que la infección bacteriana tiene sobre la regeneración de embriones a partir de este tejido.

New technologies for genome edition, such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 system, are a great opportunity to improve desirable features in different organisms. TALENs are the result from coupling nucleases and TALEs (Transcription Activator-Like Effectors), which are natural effectors with an important role in pathogenicity for the Xanthomonas species. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) is the cassava bacterial blight causal agent, and this pathogen is able to translocate its effectors to the plant cell during pathogenesis by using the type-three secretion system (TTSS). Currently, there are no standard protocols for genome edition in cassava. In this study, we explored the possibility to translocate effectors to friable embryogenic calli (FEC) through Xam inoculation, in order to establish the potential of this pathogen as a TALEN delivery system. Friable embryogenic calli derived from two different susceptible varieties (COL2215 and cv. 60444) were co-cultured with the strain Xam668 using different culture times. Subsequently, we evaluated the expression of makers corresponding to reported target genes for TALEs present in this bacterial strain. Although we were not able to demonstrate effector translocation, we established the conditions for co-culturing cassava calli and Xam and determined the effects derived from bacterial infection on embryo regeneration from FECs.

The Theory and Trend of Microhistory: History of Medicine / 의사학

Microhistory, first developed in the 1970s, is the study of the past on a very small scale applying zoom-in methodology. Although microhistory had been introduced to Korea during the late 1990s, there still exists much of misunderstanding and confusions surrounding its nature. Microhistory is to be distinguished from the monographs which deal with petty subject, or from the history of everyday life, and from the case studies. In the field of the history of medicine, there are not many microhistories proper. Several works that claim to utilize microhistorical approach, could not be categorized as microhistory because they carry strong characteristics of macrohistory, specifically those of the disciplinary history or the case studies. The well known work of Harold J. Cook, Trials of an Ordinary Doctor, is not an exception. These studies fail to materialize the critical mind of microhistory that pursues to write a history from below and to restore the agency of obscure people. However, Guido Ruggiero's "The Strange Death of Margarita Marcellini," David Cressy's Travesties and Transgressions in Tudor and Stuart England, and Laurel Thatcher Ulrich's A Midwife's Tale clearly demonstrate the attributes, characteristics, and methodologies of microhistory. These studies well display the emphasis of microhistory, which reveal the complexity of early modern medicine, and the complicated function of individual relationships within each and every social setting. Recently, some scholars begin to suggest that the rigid definition of microhistory should be softened, arguing that there could be various types of microhistory. The history of medicine has many advantage of aptly applying many virtues of microhistory: the de-territoriality of diseases, the peculiar elements of the training and practice in hospitals and medical schools which call for anthropological survey, and the possibility of utilizing doctor's records that contain the confessions of the patients. Also, medical historians need to expand the scope of medical provider for their analysis, incorporating pseudo-medical doctor. The essential property of microhistory should be found in its request for various new subjects and fresh perspectives.

Direct activation of expression vector withβ-casein gene promoter using engineered TALE transcription factors in mouse fibroblasts / 中国实验动物学报

Objective TALE-TFs were adopted to provide a new way in detection of the expression result ofβ-ca-sein gene promoter-interesting gene expression cassettes in mouse fibroblasts.Methods TALE-TFs of eukaryotic expres-sion plasmid and expression cassette withβ-casein gene promoter and red fluorescent protein reporter gene were co-nucleo-fected into mouse fibroblasts by Amaxa nucleofector.Results and Conclusion β-casein gene promoter was activated by artificial TALE-TFs in the mouse fibroblasts.The way is a new expression verification system instead of mammary epithelial cells with fibroblasts.

Do policial ao noir: as novas faces da narrativa violenta / From the police narrative to the noir: the new faces of narrative of violence

O presente artigo se propõe a, num primeiro momento, descrever a evolução do gênero policial, do seu surgimento até sua transformação, numa nova categoria, designada por noir. Partindo deste ponto, trabalham-se as especificidades do chamado romance negro, suas motivações e suas peculiaridades, inseridas na estrutura social contemporânea, discutindo, por sua relação intrínseca, a violência e a morte. A fim de exemplificar esta construção narrativa, usa-se o conto "Tempestade sobre a Montanha", de Wander Antunes, numa análise que permite vislumbrar as manifestações temáticas e estruturais deste novo gênero adaptadas à realidade brasileira.

This article intends to, at first, describe the evolution of the detective genre, from its inception until its transformation into a new category, called noir. From this point, work the specificities of 'black romance, their motivations and their peculiarities, set in contemporary social structure, arguing for its intrinsic relationship, violence and death. In order to illustrate this narrative construction, it uses the story "Tempestade sobre a montanha", of Wander Antunes, an analysis paves the thematic and structural manifestations of the new genus adapted to the Brazilian reality.

La desafiliación en la obra inca “Apu Ollantay” / The disaffiliation in the Inca play “Apu Ollantay”

Se intenta un análisis psicológico de aspectos fundamentales del dramaApu Ollantay escrito en quechua durante la era colonial en el Perú, comparando profundidad artística y temas de su argumento con los de dos clásicas obras de Shakespeare. Luego de breves referencias históricas en torno a fecha de publicación, traducción y primera presentación de Apu Ollantay , se identifica claramente, aún con comprensibles diferencias de énfasis, el tema de desafiliaciónfamiliar hasta en dos generaciones, así como el desenlace del reconocimientoa través de gestos de generosidad, perdón y perspectivas nuevas de convivencia social y familiar. Las diferencias de tiempo e historia seesfuman al conjuro de poesía sugerente y teatralidad profunda.

A psychological analysis of fundamental aspects of the Inca drama Apu Ollantay, written in Quechua during the colonial era in Peru, is attempted, comparing artistic depth and themes of its plot with two classic plays from Shakespeare. After brief historical references to publication date, translation and first performance of Apu Ollantay, two themes are clearly identified even with understandable differences in emphasis: family disaffiliation extended to two generations, and recognition as an outcome materialized through gestures of generosity, forgiveness and new perspectives of social and familial co-existence. Time-related and historical differences fade away in the midst of suggestive poetry and profound theatrical playing.

Los modos de relatar/contar/narrar el abuso sexual sufrido en la infancia por adolescentes en tratamiento psicoanalítico / The ways of telling/relate/narrate the sexual abuse suffered in childhood by teenagers in psychoanalytic treatment

Este artículo se propone presentar algunas consideraciones clínicas acerca de los modos de relatar, contar, narrar el abuso sexual en el contexto de los tratamientos psicoanalíticos y la posición del analista ante ello. En el marco de un diseño exploratorio, se ha trabajado con una muestra finalística conformada por diez adolescentes que han sido abusados sexualmente en la infancia y que realizan o han realizado tratamiento psicoterapéutico. La fuente de datos han sido los materiales clínicos elaborados por los psicoanalistas a cargo del tratamiento de cada adolescente. El procedimiento de análisis ha sido cualitativo, de tipo hermenéutico. Se presenta el análisis de varios fragmentos clínicos a modo de ilustración del trabajo empírico y de interpretación teórica realizado. Como resultados se han categorizado diversas modalidades narrativas y distinguido algunas relaciones con las intervenciones del psicoanalista.

This paper proposes to presents some clinical considerations about the ways of telling, relate, narrate the sexual abuse in psychoanalytic context and the analyst's position to it. As part of an exploratory design, we worked with a finalistic sample composed by ten adolescents who has been sexually abused in childhood and realize or have realized psychoanalytic treatment. The data source has been the clinical materials elaborated by the psychoanalyst in charge of treating of each adolescent. The analysis method has been qualitative, of hermeneutic type. We present the analysis of several clinical fragments as an illustration of the empirical work and theoretical interpretation made. As results we have categorized various narrative modalities and distinguished some relations with the analyst's interventions.