ABSTRACT
Bhasma occupy the highest attention and have got a very unique place because of their small doses, tastelessness, quick action, easy absorption and also their prolonged shelf life, wide range of therapeutic efficacy and better rejuvenating (Rasayana) effects. Metals and minerals are integral part of therapeutics in Ayurveda and Tamra is one of such metals which if properly processed and detoxified is useful in many diseases. But if not processed properly it shows many ill effects called Ashtmaha Dosha. In the present study Tamra Bhasma was prepared by using Tamra Patra. This study included procedures like Shodhana, Marana, Amrutikarana as per classical texts. 380gm of raw Tamra Patra were taken. Samanya and Vishesha Shodhana were done as per reference of Rasa Ratna Samuchya. After complete Shodhana, total 350gm Shudha Tamra was obtained. Loss in weight after Shodhana may be due to loss in impurities present in raw Tamra. Total 21 Puta were given in the electrical muffle furnace to prepare Tamra Bhasma. Specific temperature pattern was adopted for Puta in the electrical muffle furnace. Total 300gm of Tamra Bhasma was obtained. After each Puta there was significant loss in weight of Tamra may be due to loss in hardness and impurities. Marana was followed by Amrutikarana and net weight of Tamra Bhasma obtained was 330gm. 30gm weight gain may be due to the organic material used for the Amrutikarana process. Color of Bhasma became black after Amrutikarana.
ABSTRACT
Background: Tamra Bhasma is derived from metallic copper that is recommended for different ailmentsof liver and spleen, dropsy, abdominal pain, heart disease, colitis, tumors, anemia, loss of appetite,tuberculosis, as well as eye problems.Objectives: The knowledge of crystallite size and active ingredients in Bhasma materials is limitedrestricting its use as nanomedicine in the modern era. Also, the 2015 Nobel prize in medicine hasmotivated many researchers towards traditional medicines. Therefore, the different chemical andphysical properties of prepared Tamra Bhasma has been studied by modern experimental tools (XRD,VSM, SEM, FTIR and PL spectrometer) and the preliminary testing of Tamra Bhasma nanoparticles wasexamined on bacteria.Materials and methods: Bhasma is prepared by metals and minerals using three step procedures e.g.Shodhana, Bhavana and Marana. In the present work, for the preparation of Tamra Bhasma, pulverizedcopper wire was used and prepared by the principle of Puta (incineration) in an Electrical Muffle Furnace(EMF).Results: X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the crystallitesize of Bhasma powder was less than 100 nm and nanocrystallites of aglomerated size in micrometer.Magnetometer measurement supports its medicinal value. Photoluminescence (PL) properties of nanocrystalline Bhasma powder was investigated in UV-NIR region and shows luminescence in visible region.The antimicrobial study of Tamra Bhasma shows effectiveness on bacteria and, may be useful to controlthe bacterial infection disease.Conclusion: Scientific data obtained using modern scientific tools and evidence would support in utilizing the ancient Indian wisdom of Ayurveda for the development of newer drugs as a modern nanomedicine and in other possible technological applications.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).