Giant Cell Tumor of Talus – Role of imaging.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) or Osteoclastoma of the tarsal bone is very rare as compared to that of long bones. The involvement of talus becomes unique in its presentation as it remains undiagnosed for a long time. The tumor usually occurs in younger age especially in small bones of hands and feet. We present a case of 34-years old male who presented with sprain of left foot and was finally diagnosed as giant cell tumor of the talus. This was possible with the help of various radiological modalities like plain X-ray, computerised tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). GCT of talus may be found as an incidental finding but the subsequent management depends upon the staging of the tumor as per the radiological evaluation.

Fractures of the Tarsal Bone

Fractures of the tarsal bone, such as the navicular, cuboid, and cuneiform, are very rare. These injuries can lead to serious walking difficulties due to pain and deformity of the foot with delayed diagnosis of tarsal bone fractures during an injury to multiple lower extremities. The diagnosis can be done on simple radiographs. Sometime weight bearing radiographs or stress radiographs may be needed for further evaluation. Computed tomography is the most widely available diagnostic tool. Navicular and cuneiform account for the medial column of the foot, whereas cuboid for the lateral column. The treatment of tarsal bone fractures is primarily conservative management, but operative treatment is recommended for intra-articular displacement, dislocation, or shortening of the medial or lateral column of the foot. The operative treatments include screw fixation, plate fixation, or external fixation. Complications include malunion, nonunion, posttraumatic arthritis, avascular necrosis, and deformity of the foot. Tarsal bone fracture has to be evaluated carefully to prevent serious complications.

Síndrome del túnel del tarso: Revisión del tema / Tarsal tunnel syndrome: Review of the topic as a result of one case

La primera descripción del túnel del tarso se le atribuye a Richter, en 1897; en 1932 Pollock y Davis describen por primera vez el síndrome, en 1960 Kopell y Thompson describen la clínica del síndrome de túnel del tarso y en 1962 Charles Keck describió el síndrome del túnel del tarso en forma detallada con casos clínicos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente femenino de 61 años que inició su padecimiento en 2010, al presentar talalgia intermitente que se incrementa de forma gradual, seis meses después el dolor es constante y limita la marcha, EVA de 6/10, se diagnostica fascitis plantar, y se envía a fisioterapia sin mejoría a los dos meses de tratamiento. El ultrasonido de fascia plantar, reporta engrosamiento de la misma, con microdesgarros en su inserción en calcáneo, se realiza infiltración de plasma rico en plaquetas en fascia plantar sin mejoría, dos meses después es enviada a sesiones de ondas de choque sin cambios, se revalora caso y se realiza el diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel del tarso en forma clínica y por electromiografía y en 2011 se infiltran esteroide con anestésico local con mejoría temporal. En 2012, encontramos EVA de 7/10 y AOFAS de 54 puntos, se interviene quirúrgicamente y como hallazgo transoperatorio se encuentra trayecto varicoso que disminuía el calibre del túnel del tarso oprimiendo a las estructuras adyacentes. Se presenta el caso clínico y la revisión en la literatura del síndrome del túnel del tarso.

The first description of tarsal tunnel is attributed to Richter in 1897, in 1932 Pollock and Davis described the syndrome for the first time, in 1960 Kopell and Thompson described the clinical features of tarsal tunnel syndrome; and in 1962 Charles Keck described tarsal tunnel syndrome in a detailed manner with clinical cases. We present the case of a 61 year old female patient who presented symptoms in 2010, she had intermittent talalgia that increased gradually, six months later pain is constant and limiting gait, EVA is 6/10, she is diagnosed with plantar fasciitis and is referred to physiotherapy with no improvement after two months of treatment. The plantar fascia ultrasound reports thickening with micro tears in the heel bone attachment, we infiltrated the plantar fascia with platelet rich plasma with no improvement, two months later she has shock wave sessions with no changes observed. We reassess the case and make the diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome clinically and with electromyography and in 2011 we infiltrate a steroid with local anesthesia with temporary improvement. In 2012, we found an EVA of 7/10 and an AOFAS of 54 points, we perform surgery and the intraoperative finding is a varicose vein that decreased the caliber of the tarsal tunnel compressing adjacent structures. The clinical case is presented and we reviewed tarsal tunnel syndrome in the literature.

Transposition of vascularized tarsal bone flaps to repair bone lesions in ankle and foot / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To provide a series of surgical approaches for treatment of bone lesions in ankle and foot. Methods Based on the anatomic investigations,vascularized cuboid bone,medial cuneiform bone,navicular bone and lateral part of calcaneum bone grafting were designed for repaired bone lesions in the area of ankle and foot,and applied to 55 clinic cases. Results Forty-eight cases among them were followed up from 1 year to 10 years,4 years and 6 month in average,the results were satisfactory. Conclusion The designed four types of vascularized tarsal bone flaps are easy and reliable for dissection because of their superficial pedicle.