Seguimiento a los egresados de la Maestría en Nutrición Humana / Follow-up of the graduates of the Master´s degree in Human Nutrition

Introducción: Diferentes estudios de seguimiento de egresados hablan del valor de obtener información sobre las actividades profesionales que ejercen y determinar el impacto de la formación recibida y la percepción de la misma. Objetivos: Determinar el desempeño de los egresados de la Maestría en Nutrición Humana FCM- UNA de las promociones del 2007 al 2020. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de diseño observacional con enfoque cuantitativo que obtuvo la participación de 83 de los 91 egresados que completaron la encuesta enviada a través del Formulario Google. Resultados: Entre los más resaltantes se tiene que las egresadas entre los encuestados sobresalen las mujeres (90,4 %). El área laboral ejercida; mayor cantidad en el área clínica (61,4 %), consultorio (24,1 %), salud pública en un 6%. El 55,4 % respondió que tuvo más oportunidades laborales; solo el 28,9 % realiza tutoría de tesis. El 79,1 % ha mejorado sus actividades docentes o asistenciales y el 55,4 % ha respondido que no desempeña actividad docente. El 71,1 % ha colaborado en trabajos de investigación siendo magister, en área clínica (47%), en Salud Pública (14,5 %), en área de alimentación, (6%), otros (3.6%); el 64,9 % no ha publicado el trabajo de investigación de la maestría realizada. El 95,2 % no ha hecho aún el Doctorado en Nutrición y al 89,2 % le gustaría hacerlo. Un 87,9 % califica la Maestría de Nutrición Humana FCM-UNA de Excelente o Muy Bueno. Conclusión: Se identifica una mayor cantidad de egresadas mujeres, en cuanto al campo laboral de desempeño, existe una mayor cantidad en el área clínica, más de la mitad de los egresados ha participado en un trabajo de investigación siendo magister en el área clínica, la tesis de maestría no ha sido publicada por la mayoría. Casi el total no ha realizado un Doctorado en Nutrición. Se presenta por primera vez, a nivel nacional, un estudio sobre el desarrollo profesional de los egresados de la Maestría en Nutrición Humana que podría ser útil para futuros trabajos de investigación y toma de decisiones en formación continua.

Introduction: Different graduate follow -up studies speak of the value of obtaining information about the professional activities they exercise and determining the impact of the training received and the perception of the same. Objectives: Determine the performance of graduates of the Master in Human Nutrition FCM One of the promotions from 2007 to 2020. Materials and methods: Descriptive study with observational design and quantitative approach that obtained the participation of 83 of the 91 graduates who completed the survey sent through the Google form. Results: Graduates women (90.4 %). The work area exercised; greater amount in the clinical area (61.4 %), office (24.1 %), public health at 6 %. 55.4 % replied that they had more work chances, only 28.9 % perform thesis tutoring. 79.1 % have improved their teaching or care activities and 55.4 % have responded that they do not perform teaching activity. 71.1%have collaborated in research papers being Master, in clinical area (47%), in public health (14.5%), in food area, (6%), others (3.6%); 64.9 % have not published the research work of the master's degree. 95.2 % have not yet done the doctorate in nutrition and at 89.2 % they would like to do it. 87.9 % describe the mastery of human nutrition FCM an excellent or very good one. Conclusion: A greater number of women graduates is identified, in terms of the performance field, there is a greater amount in the clinical area, more than half of the graduates have participated in a research work being a magister in the clinical area, the work of Master's research has not been published by the majority. Almost the total has not done a doctorate in nutrition. It is presented for the first time, at the national level, a study on the professional development of graduates of the Master in Human Nutrition that could be useful for future research works.

Sistema de indicadores para valorar la formación y el desarrollo de expertos docentes y de investigadores en las universidades / System of indicators to assess the training of professors and researchers as experts in universities

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo validar las modificaciones realizadas a un sistema de indicadores para valorar la formación y el desarrollo de expertos que se desempeñan en la actividad docente - investigativa en las universidades. A partir de la experiencia obtenida en una investigación desarrollada para la gestión de la formación y el desarrollo de expertos en un centro de investigación, se realizaron modificaciones al sistema obtenido para adaptarlo a las actividades que efectúan los docentes - investigadores en instituciones de la educación superior. El sistema modificado fue validado en el panel de expertos con el empleo del método Delphi y la aplicación de la escala Likert, así como con el tratamiento estadístico de las respuestas de los participantes. Se modificaron indicadores de tres variables de la dimensión Cualificación del experto (Carrera profesional, liderazgo y visibilidad nacional e internacional) y de la variable Docencia, de la dimensión Gestión del experto. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (0,9274) demostró la consistencia interna del instrumento empleado. Los valores de las medianas y los rangos intercuartílicos alcanzados permitieron establecer el consenso de los participantes en la validación del sistema de indicadores. Las modificaciones realizadas al sistema original permitieron adecuarlo y aplicarlo para la valoración de los expertos docentes - investigadores que laboran en los departamentos responsables de las carreras nucleares en la Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Nucleares del Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, adscritos a la Universidad de La Habana, lo cual mostró un desarrollo medio tanto desde el punto de vista de la cualificación como de la gestión de sus expertos(AU)

This paper aims to present a system of indicators for the valuation of teacher and researcher training as expert. Starting from the achieved experience in research conducted for training and development management of experts in a high-tech organization, some modifications were made to the proposed system of indicators to adapt it to the activities of teachers - researchers in higher educational institutions. Delphi method, Likert´ scale, median and interquartil rank were used to validate the modified system of indicators. The indicators for three variables (Professional Career, Leadership and National and International Visibility) of Expert Qualification dimension and Teaching for Expert Management dimension were modified. The obtained value for Alpha Cronbach Coefficient (0.9274) proved the internal consistency of applied instrument. The values for medians and interquartil ranks concluded the consensus of the participants. The fulfilled modifications allowed applying the system of indicators to the valuation of teaching and research experts who works in the departments responsible for nuclear specialties in the Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Technologies and Applied Sciences of the Havana University. An average development from the point of view their qualifications and their management were obtained(AU)

Desarrollo histórico y logros de la Gerencia de Docencia e Investigación del Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel" / Historical development and achievements of the Teaching and Research Management of the National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel"

La Gerencia de Docencia e Investigación es creada en el año 1992. Actualmente está conformada por la Coordinación de Postgrado, Coordinación de Investigación, Coordinación de Extensión, Pasantías, Campus Virtual, Departamento de Información y Divulgación Científica. La Gerencia tiene las siguientes funciones fundamentales: Programar, diseñar, coordinar y asesorar líneas de investigación, proyectos de investigación y producción de conocimiento científico de acuerdo a las políticas institucionales y del estado en el Sector Salud. Planificar y ejecutar programas docentes de 4to y 5to nivel, conducentes y no conducentes a grado académico en las áreas de competencia del Instituto. Programar y ejecutar la formación y capacitación del talento humano especializado, mediante diplomados, talleres, entrenamientos, simposia, jornadas, ampliación, actualización, perfeccionamiento profesional y extensión en el área de Salud. Gestionar y evaluar la formación y capacitación de talento humano procedente de instituciones educativas y de salud, mediante pasantías académicas y profesionales. Planificar, programar, coordinar, ejecutar y supervisar todas aquellas actividades, espacios y aulas virtuales de interacción, aprendizaje e-learning, trabajos en red, consultorías y tutorías telemáticas, acceso a materiales didácticos on-line, telebibliotecas, entre otros, tanto para el campus virtual de la Institución, como del Campus Virtual de Salud Pública Nodo Venezuela (éste último con otros organismos y apoyo de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud), enfocado a la formación y desarrollo de las competencias técnico-profesionales de los trabajadores en servicio y de las capacidades de las instituciones dedicadas a la prestación de servicios de salud pública en un formato virtual/semipresencial, brindando nuevas posibilidades de aprendizajes en entornos innovadores. Suministrar información especializada en el área de la salud, a través de servicios de divulgación, bibliotecarios, de documentación, edición de publicaciones e interactuar con otros centros de información científica para el cumplimiento de estos objetivos. Desarrollar y participar en las actividades de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud de la OPS/BIREME. Preservación del Acervo Histórico Institucional. Este artículo contiene los siguientes aspectos: Antecedentes históricos de la Gerencia de Docencia e Investigación. Logros y desarrollo en el período 2008-2018. Reflexiones sobre la Política y los Planes de Formación del Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel".

The Teaching and Research Management was created in 1992. It is currently made up of the Postgraduate Coordination, Research Coordination, Extension Coordination, Internships, Virtual Campus, Department of Information and Scientific Dissemination. Management has the folwloing fundamental functions: Schedule, design, coordinate and advise on research lines, research projects and production of scientific knowledge according to institutional and state policies in the Health Sector. Plan and execute teaching programs of 4th and 5th level, conducive and not conducive to academic degree in the areas of competence of the Institute. Schedule and execute the training and training of specialized human talent, through diplomas, workshops, training, symposia, conferences, expansion, updating, professional development and extension in the area of Health. Manage and evaluate the training and training of human talent from educational and health institutions, through academic and professional internships. Plan, program, coordinate, execute and supervise all those activities, spaces and virtual classrooms for interaction, e-learning learning, networking, consultancies and telematics tutorials, access to on-line teaching materials, tele-libraries, among others, for both the institution's virtual campus, such as the Virtual Campus of Public Health Nodo Venezuela (the latter with other organizations and support of the Pan American Health Organization), focused on the training and development of technical-professional skills of workers in service and of the capacities of the institutions dedicated to the provision of public health services in a virtual / blended format, providing new possibilities for learning in innovative environments. Provide specialized information in the area of health, through outreach services, librarians, documentation, publishing publications and interact with other scientific information centers for the fulfillment of these objectives. Develop and participate in the activities of the Virtual Health Library of PAHO / BIREME. Preservation of the Historical Institutional Collection. This article contains the following aspects: Historical background of the Teaching and Research Management. Achievements and development in the period 2008-2018. Reflections on the Policy and Training Plans of the National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel".

The exploration in open innovation experiment of function relying on teaching and research inte-gration / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Open innovation experiment is a new measure to enhance the research interest and abil-ity of undergraduates in recent years. Depending on the open experiment, teaching experiment reform and research projects,the Function Experiment Center of Jilin University makes teaching and research fuse into an integration by the means of all-round opening experiment platform, establishing project library of inno-vative experiments and network management system, and open innovative experiment teaching measure, which contains the participation of excellent teachers and experimental technology teachers. Based on this mutual promoting relationship between teaching and research, a new model of teaching and research inte-gration has been formed.

Pesquisa sobre a contaminação de hortaliças por ovos e larvas de nematódeos e cistos de protozoários como método de estudo / Research on the contamination of vegetables with eggs and larvae of nematodes and protozoa cysts as study method

Objetivou-se descrever uma prática de ensino integrada à pesquisa que poderá ser desenvolvida tanto em escolas de ensino fundamental e médio quanto em universidades. A pesquisa foi realizada de 2002 a 2011 como atividade prática da disciplina de Parasitologia aplicada ao curso de Nutrição. Cada equipe de trabalho recebeu um roteiro prático (projeto) com as instruções para a realização da pesquisa de enteroparasitos em hortaliças. Estas foram processadas pela técnica de sedimentação espontânea utilizando-se um aparato desenvolvido com material reciclável. A observação do sedimento corado com lugol foi realizada entre lâmina e lamínula. Constatou-se contaminação em dez espécies de hortaliças com 36,4 por cento (56/154) de positividade; destas, 48,8 por cento para larvas de helmintos, 23,3 por cento para cistos de protozoários e 13,9 por cento para ovos de helmintos. A aceitação dos alunos em relação à atividade prática foi expressiva (98,4 por cento). Esta prática vem contribuindo para a formação do acadêmico, dinamizando e incentivando o estudo da Parasitologia e alertando aos futuros profissionais da saúde sobre o fato de que a veiculação de parasitos em hortaliças consumidas in natura constitui uma questão de segurança alimentar e, consequentemente, de saúde pública...

The objective of the present study was to describe a teaching practice integrated with research that could be developed in primary and junior high schools and universities. The research was carried out from 2002 to 2011 as a practical activity of Parasitology applied to the Nutrition Course. Each work team received a practical plan (project) with instructions to carry out enteroparasite research in vegetables. The vegetables were processed using the principle of the spontaneous sedimentation technique with a device developed with recycled material. The sediment was observed between a slide and a lugol-stained slide. Contamination was found in ten vegetable species with 36.4 percent (56/154) positivity. Of these, 48.8 percent were helminths, 23.3 percent protozoan cysts and 13.9 percent helminth eggs. Student evaluation of the practical activity was positive with 98.4 percent acceptance. This practice has contributed to the education of academics, enlivening and encouraging the study of parasitology and alerting future health professionals that parasites carried in vegetables eaten raw are a concern for food safety and consequently, public health...

Pesquisa na Pós-graduação: impasses na elaboração do projeto / Research in graduate programs: difficulties in preparing the project / Investigación en el postgrado: impases en la elaboración del proyecto

A pesquisa, no Brasil, concentra-se atualmente nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu (mestrado e doutorado),no entanto são identificados vários problemas para a sua realização que tanto podem estar relacionados acaracterísticas do corpo discente, quanto ao sistema de ensino e ao corpo docente, notadamente nas áreas de saúde eeducação. Este artigo teve como objetivo identificar as dificuldades, limitações e potencialidades de alunos, para odesenvolvimento e conclusão de seus trabalhos de investigação, procurando evidenciar sua formação para pesquisa.Quanto à natureza dos dados, o estudo foi classificado como qualitativo; no que concerne aos objetivos, éexploratório-descritivo. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário com duas questõesabertas. As respostas foram analisadas à luz da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que a descoberta doobjeto de investigação aconteceu, em ordem de frequência, com suporte na vivência profissional, seguida do interessepessoal, orientação do professor, relevância do tema e experiência de cada um. As dificuldades na elaboração doprojeto foram relatadas como desconhecimento da metodologia, seguida do estranhamento com a literatura, dainsegurança na argumentação teórica e dificuldades na escrita. Os resultados remetem a ausência de formação inicialpara investigação na graduação, o que confirma a necessidade de se integrar melhor a pesquisa com o ensino.

Research in Brazil is currently restricted to graduate programs; however, there are various problems, which complicate thecompletion of research projects. These could be related to the student body, as well as to the teaching system, or the professors,especially in the areas of health and education. The objective of this article was to identify students? difficulties, limitations,and potentials in the development and conclusion of their research projects, aiming to illustrate their training on research.This is an explorative-descriptive study, with a qualitative approach. For data gathering, a questionnaire with two open-endquestions was utilized. The answers were analyzed using content analysis. The results illustrated that the discovery of theresearch subject happens in order of frequency: first, based on professional experience; followed by personal interest;advisor?s suggestions; relevance of the subject; and individual experience. The difficulties in the preparation of the projectwere identified as lack of information about methodology, unfamiliarity with the literature, lack of confidence intheoretical justification, and writing difficulties. The results point to the lack of preliminary training in research duringundergraduate programs. This confirms the need to integrate research and education.

La investigación, en Brasil, actualmente se concentra en los programas de postgraduación stricto sensu (maestría ydoctoramiento), sin embargo, son identificados varios problemas para su realizacióno que tanto pueden estar relacionados a características del cuerpo discente, cuanto al sistema de enseñanza y al cuerpo docente, notadamenteen las áreas de la salud y la educación. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo identificar las dificuldades, limitaciones ypotencialidades de los alumnos, para el desarrollo y conclusión de sus trabajos de investigación, procurandoevidenciar su formación para la investigación. Cuanto a la naturaleza de los datos, el estudio fue clasificado comocualitativo; en lo que concierne a los objetivos, es exploratóriodescriptivo. Como instrumento de colecta de datos fueutilizado un cuestionario con dos cuestiones abiertas. Las respuestas fueron analizadas a la luz del análisis decontenido. Los resultados indicaron que la descubierta del objeto de investigación aconteció, en orden de frecuencia,con soporte en la vivencia profesional, seguida del interés personal, orientación del profesor, relevancia del tema yexperiencia de cada uno. Las dificultades en la elaboración del proyecto fueron relatadas como desconocimiento de lametodología, seguida del distanciamiento con la literatura, de la inseguridad en la argumentación teórica y dificultadesen la escrita. Los resultados remiten la ausencia de formación inicial para la investigación en la graduación, lo queconfirma la necesidad de integrar mejor la investigacióna con la enseñanza.

Efforts to Form an Effective Mechanism for Teaching and Research Results-based Management / 国际中医中药杂志

Teaching and research are of great significance for university teaching and educating. In order to establish effective mechanisms for teaching and research results-based management, we should reach consensus on emphasizing teaching research, regulate teaching and research project application, optimize project selecting design, think highly of the process control and continuous improvement in teaching and research, work on the results publicity, promotion and application, and at the same time raise the overall quality of teaching administrators.

To improve cultivation of creative ability by enhancing the integration of teaching and research / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Teaching and research are two major functions of university. We should correct the misunderstanding of the relationship between teaching and research and improve the evaluation of integration of them. Positive interaction of research and teaching can enhance educational results of university. We should conduct the interaction of scientific research and teaching,improving the creative ability of students.

On the Standardized Construction of Teaching and Research Section in Undergraduate Teaching Assessment / 中华医学教育探索杂志

An old educational mode is conducted in the teaching and research section for a long time,which is not in conformity with the development of higher education.It is urgent to strengthen the administration reform of the teaching and research section.It is significant in improving educational quality for a college to make the assessment of the educational level,and these activities promoted the management level of the teaching and research section.