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1.
Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine ; (12): 81-86, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-510608

ABSTRACT

High-frequency ventilation ( HFV) is theoretically an ideal ventilatory mode for lung pro-tection. It also delivers extremely small tidal volumes near to or less than the anatomically invalid cavity (about 2ml/kg) at very high respiratory frequencies (recognized ventilation frequency about 4 times more than the normal range) . Compared to the conventional mechanical ventilation,HFV makes use of lung-open mode,with low tidal volume, low airway pressure, low thoracic pressure and end-exhaling pressure effect, which can avoid recruitment/derecruitment of alveoli to reduce pressure injuries on lung tissue and airway. Nowadays,more and more critical care practitioners implement this ventilation mode. We reviewed the princi-ples,classification,parameters,and clinical indications of HFV in this article.

2.
Radiol. bras ; 43(2): 97-101, mar.-abr. 2010. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-551816

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar o conhecimento mamográfico dos médicos interpretadores que trabalham na rede de saúde pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e avaliar o conhecimento adquirido após um curso elaborado com o objetivo de capacitar profissionais médicos no diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram convidados 53 médicos que laudam exames mamográficos para o treinamento. Esses médicos eram submetidos a um pré-teste, no qual se avaliava o grau de conhecimento inicial. Depois, foram lecionadas aulas previamente elaboradas por mamografistas experientes, e para conclusão do curso esses médicos eram submetidos a um pós-teste para avaliação do conhecimento adquirido. RESULTADOS: O curso de capacitação de profissionais médicos, com ênfase em aulas teóricas, não mostrou aumento significativo na qualidade da interpretação mamográfica, destacando-se a persistência do erro na descrição morfológica das lesões fundamentais da mama, erro da classificação pelo sistema de padronização das lesões mamárias (BI-RADS®), falta de coerência entre a classificação BI-RADS adotada e a recomendação de conduta, tanto no pré-teste como no pós-teste. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que os médicos interpretadores mostram conhecimento insuficiente em relação ao diagnóstico precoce por imagem do câncer de mama e que o curso teórico não mostrou aumento significativo na qualidade da interpretação mamográfica.


OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the knowledge of mammogram readers working in the public healthcare system in the State of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, and to evaluate their progress in the early diagnosis of breast cancer after a training course specifically developed for medical professionals . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 53 physicians with experience in mammography reports were invited. A pre-test was given to assess their initial knowledge level. Afterwards, they were trained by experts mammographers, and for final conclusion, requested to take a post-test for comparison and evaluation of gained knowledge. RESULTS: The course, with emphasis on theoretical classes, has not resulted in a significant improvement on the quality of mammogram reading, highlighting the persistence of errors in morphological description of fundamental lesions of the breast, in the classification of such lesions according to the BI-RADS®, besides the lack of coherence between the BI-RADS classification and follow-up recommendation as observed in both the pre- and post-test. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude that the mammogram readers have demonstrated insufficient knowledge in relation to early imaging diagnosis of breast cancer, and that the theoretical training has not resulted in a significant improvement on the quality of mammogram reading.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnostic Errors , Mammography/methods , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Early Detection of Cancer
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