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Technological innovation and achievement transformation are the key to the organic combination of innovation-driven development strategy and high-quality health development, and play an important role in comprehensively promoting the construction of " healthy China". The author made a comprehensive analysis of the practice of scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation in health care over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, and summarized the various stages based on the time dimension. On this basis, the author analyzed the opportunities and challenges faced by technological innovation and achievement transformation in health care, and put forward development suggestions.
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OBJECTIVE To provide information service support for research on proteolysis targeting chimera （PROTAC） in China and provide reference for technical development and patent layout of relevant drug research and development institutions. METHODS The patent analysis method was used to search the patent applications related to PROTAC technology that had been applied to China National Intellectual Property Administration and had been issued before Feb. 2022， using the HimmPat patent database as the search platform. The patent application trend， technology life cycle， main applicants， technology source countries， technology themes， improvement routes and other patent data were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 133 patents were included in this study. The patent application for PROTAC technology started relatively late in China， with the number of applicants increasing from 2 in 2015 to 30 in 2020， and the number of applications increasing from 2 in 2015 to 38 in 2020. Both the annual patent application volume and the number of applicants were in a period of rapid growth， but the average annual application volume of a single applicant was still less than 2， indicating that research in this field was still in the early stage of technology development； the number of applications from Arvinas， Hisco， and Hinova Pharmaceutical Inc. ranked among the top. Although the number of domestic applications led that of foreign applications in China， the average number of simple peer applications and the average number of simple peer countries in domestic patent applications was only 1.5， which was far lower than that of foreign applications in China， reflecting that there was still room for improvement in the “quality” level of domestic applications. The initial improvements in PROTAC technology mainly focused on the selection of E3 ligands， targets and ligands， and then new improvements such as new PROTAC development， linker design and matching methods emerged， indicating that the patent applicant had started a multi-track layout in the early stages of the development of PROTAC technology. It is suggested that the research and development of PROTAC drugs in China should focus on improving the oral bioavailability and biosafety of PROTAC drugs， overcoming potential drug resistance， and exploring rational design and evaluation methods.
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Objective:To comprehensively evaluate the scientific and technological innovation capability and efficiency of hospitals and provide references for effectively promoting their high-quality development in scientific innovation.Methods:The indexes of 69 tertiary public general hospitals were collected in 2018. The science and technology innovation capability of these hospitals was evaluated using science and technology evaluation metrics(STEM), while their science and technology innovation efficiency was evaluated using the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model. Then the matching relation of the two dimensions was analyzed, with outstanding hospitals identified using the skyline algorithm.Results:The STEM and science/technology innovation efficiency of 69 tertiary public hospitals averaged 29.61 and 0.960 respectively. Based on STEM and efficiency, the 69 hospitals were divided into four types: the type of high capability and efficiency comprising 9 hospitals(13.04%), that of high capability and low efficiency comprising 16 hospitals(23.19%), that of low capability and high efficiency comprising 16 hospitals(23.19%) and that of low capability and efficiency comprising 28 hospitals(40.58%). Five hospitals(7.24%)were selected as outstanding examples of science and technology innovation.Conclusions:This study constructed a set of scientific and effective methods for comprehensively evaluating scientific and technological innovation capability and efficiency, for classifying the current state of science and technology innovation of a hospital and identifying outstanding ones. The assessment results could enable the hospitals to make targeted management measures.
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Objective:To understand the current situation of the layout of the national science and technology innovation platform in the medical field, and provides a basis for departments to improve the formulation of scientific and technological innovation policies and promote the reform of the mechanism.Methods:The report and the evaluation list of the official websites are the main reference, supplemented by the public information of each platform and the information retrieval and mining of database, select quantitative statistical indicator to analyze data.Results:Platforms rely on a rich variety of units, mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai and other areas with strong research ability, including major disease areas, covering many key medical disciplines.Conclusions:The regional layout is not balanced, and the layout of the type of disease at the subdivision level needs to be further complemented and improved.
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Objective:Construct a set of evaluation system of scientific and technological innovation index of Beijing municipal hospitals, so as to lay a foundation for the systematic evaluation of scientific and technological innovation capacities of such hospitals.Methods:By using the methods of literature review and expert consultation, the composition and weight of scientific and technological innovation index of Beijing municipal hospitals are determined.Results:The evaluation system includes 5 first-level indexes, 13 second-level indexes and 17 third-level indexes, which including innovation resource index, talent development index, academic contribution index, development vitality index and industry support index.Conclusions:The evaluation system of scientific and technological innovation index of Beijing municipal hospitals pays attention to the talent development and high-quality output, innovation introduces development vitality index and industrial support index, which is a useful exploration for the " collectivization" horizontal quantitative evaluation of scientific and technological innovation capacity.
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Objective:To formulate sustainable development strategies for the newly-found clinical science and technology innovation park to improve the clinical research and disease diagnosis and treatment.Methods:PEST-SWOT model was used to analyze the internal and external environmental factors that impact the development of the park.Results:The advantages and disadvantages of the park were analyzed as well as the opportunities and challenges. Effective strategies for the construction and development of the park were put forward from four aspects, such as SO, ST, WO and WT.Conclusions:The development strategy proposed in this study is conducive to establish a well-known clinical science and technology innovation park which is an institute integrating clinical and scientific research.
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Objective:This paper analyzes the factors influencing the development of discipline construction in a tertiary specialized hospital, explores discipline improvement measures, so as to provide possible references for other medical institutions.Methods:Taking Henan Eye Hospital as an example, we analyze the current status of discipline construction, review the managing practice for the development in recent years, find out the factors influencing the development of disciplines and new challenges, and puts forward improvement measures.Results:The managing practice showed that the affecting factors of discipline construction included discipline orientation, talent teams, original innovation, medical level, academic exchanges and research platforms. Facing to the new problems under the further goal, to figure out the novel way is a guarantee for the smooth development of the medical institute.Conclusions:These measures may foster the development of discipline construction, which include focusing on discipline direction, strengthening the construction of talents, encouraging scientific and technological innovation, developing medical services, deepening the domestic and international cooperation and exchange and constructing platforms. It is important to achieve high-quality development of high-level specialized medical institutions for reaching the goal of health for all citizens.
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OBJECTIVE： To provi de reference for relevant departments to formulate innovation subsidy policies for pharmaceutical enterprises and enterprises to make their own business strategy decisions. METHODS ：The listed enterprises in China ’s pharmaceutical industry listed before 2012 were selected as the sample enterprises. The annual reports of listed enterprises in pharmaceutical industry and related panel data in CSMAR database during 2012-2019 were colected. Referring to related literatures ， multivariate regression model and threshold model were established to investigate the effects of technology innovation investment ability of sample enterprises ，so as to put forward relevant suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：A total of 57 sample enterprises were included. The panel data of sample enterprises showed that the technology innovation investment of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises was basically increasing year by year ，but compared with international standards ，the technology innovation investment of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises still needed to be improved. The results of multiple regression model showed that the technology innovation investment of pharmaceutical enterprises had no significant impact on their current financial performance and the financial performance of the first and second lags （P＞0.05）. The results of threshold model showed that there was a significant single threshold effect between technology innovation investment and financial performance when enterprise size was taken as the threshold variable （P＜0.05）. When the enterprise size was less than the threshold value of 20.986，the enterprise ’s technology innovation investment had a negative impact on its financial performance （P＜0.05）；when the enterprise size was greater than the threshold value of 20.986，the correlation between the enterprise ’s technology innovation investment and financial performance was not significant （P＜0.05）. It is suggested that China ’s pharmaceutical enterprises should carry out technology innovation activities according to their own strength ，and enterprise managers should formulate different innovation development strategies according to the ac tual situation ，enable enterprises to maintain a reasonable capital structure by broadening financing channels ，identify innovation points according to their own ability ，reduce costs and risks ，and innovate R&D modes，so as to promote the transformation and effective utilization of R&D achievements. Government departments should give full play to the guiding role ，encourage pharmaceutical enterprises to maintain the vitality of R&D and innovation and guide the sustainable innovation and healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry.
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According to the China cardiovascular disease report in 2015,cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in China.In view of the grim situation of prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in China,and implement with the spirit of National Science and Technology In novation Conference and National Health Conference in China recently,the author analyzed the current status of prevention and control of cardiovascular disease as well as the basic research situation,and discussed the leading role of National Natural Science Foundation of China in promoting the basic research of cardiovascular disease in China.
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KY3H is a traditional Chinese medicine health care service mode based on the existing problem,focusing on an interconnected and continuous integration of four key technological innovation,which promotes the service model transformation from passive "doctor-searching" to "asking yourself ".There are four features on KY3H mode.First,based on traditional Chinese medicine meridian and viscera theory,it can accurately identify the health status and take risk assessment of individuals through digital quantitative model.Then,the mode realizes the personalized health status recognition and precisious intervention through integrated technology products of dynamic monitoring and identification,assessment and intervention with independent intellectual property rights.The third is to improve the intelligence,realtime and accessibility of KY3H health care services through developing the Chinese-western medicine informationalized software system about health status identification,assessment and intervention.The last one is formulating traditional Chinese medicine health care standards,industry standards and service package design,which drive KY3H health service model spreading effectively and practical applying,achieving remarkable social and economic benefits.
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As a critical part of national scientific and technology system reform, construction of national innovation system is a fundamental measure of innovation driven development strategy.Medical science and technology innovation system (MSTIS) is an important component of national innovation system (NIS).It is essential to elaborate the content, characteristics and process of the MSTIS.Based on the development status of Chinese economy and society and the framework of NIS, we evaluated the characteristics of medical science and technology development, and ultimately concluded and elaborated the content and characteristics of MSTIS from the following aspects: innovation force, innovation subjects, innovation activities, and innovation environments.We also prospected the future process of MSTIS, i.e., promotion of innovation force, ability construction of innovation subjects,scientific plan of innovation activities, and improvement of innovation environment.
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The change of library space is driven by various factors, such as technology innovation, users demand and the changing competitive environments. The evolution processes of library space were thus clarified by retrie-ving CNKI, namely from computer and IT to Internet and wide application of information and communication tech-nology, from physical space to virtual space, from space function to information commons, learning, pioneering work and social intercourse, which can eventually lead to the intelligent, individual and ubiquitous library space.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate technology innovation capability of pharmaceutical industry in 30 provinces(regions and cities)and explore suitable innovation mode for each type. METHODS:The entropy method was adopted to establish comprehen-sive evaluation mode of technology innovation capability of pharmaceutical industry. The mode was used to measure comprehensive score and ranking of pharmaceutical industry in 30 provinces(regions and cities). Those 30 provinces(regions and cities)were di-vided into 3 types,including high technology innovation ability (type Ⅰ),medium technology innovation ability (type Ⅱ) and low technology innovation ability (type Ⅲ),and relevant suggestions on innovation mode were put forward. RESULTS & CON-CLUSIONS:According to the establishment of evaluation index system that included innovation resources input capability,innova-tion output capability,innovation potentiality and innovation environment,significant differences were found among these regions in technology innovation capability. For those 8 provinces (regions and cities) with high technology innovation ability,such as Shandong,Jiangsu and so on,which belongs to the type Ⅰ,local pharmaceutical enterprises should adopt the innovation mode of independent innovation dominant,cooperative innovation as a supplement;for those 9 provinces(regions and cities)with medium technology innovation ability,such as Hebei,Sichuan and so on,which belongs to the type Ⅱ,local pharmaceutical enterprises should select the mode of cooperative innovation of the combination of production,teaching and research;for those 13 provinces (regions and cities) with low technology innovation ability,such as Hainan,Ningxia,which belongs to the type Ⅲ,should the mode of giving priority to imitation innovation and cooperative innovation as a supplement.
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The authors discussed about how to integrate the advantages of different medical research resources to construct Shanghai Academy of Medical Sciences,which will provide substantial support for medical innovation in Shanghai.Principles were proposed concerning the administrative system and management mechanism to enhance the performance.The Academy is expected to improve medical research and clinical performance,especially to help resolve some major diseases and incurable diseases.Ultimately,the Academy will develop into an advanced research center linking laboratory research and clinical medicine.
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Objectives To establish an evaluation index system for general hospital's sustainable innovation ability of science and technoloby and determine the index weight. Methods Firstly, the theory of scientific and technological innovation was discussed based on the systematic analysis of the related facts from the documents. Secondly, a set of targets was drafted with methods of work breakdown structure (WBS), classification and combination from references to many other studies of science and technology evaluation, and then revised by experts who are familiar with the subject. Thirdly, the weight of each target was decided through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and questionnaires. Results A systematic and comprehensive evaluation system of the general hospital's sustainable innovation ability of science and technology, comprised 3 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicators and 37 third-level indicators, which were proved reliable by consistency check. The weights of each indicator were also defined. Conclusions The evaluation system comprises both qualitative and quantitative indicators. The indicators not only reflect the performance of a period, but also reflect the sustainability of large general hospitals' scientific and technological innovation ability. By using the scientific consultation, analysis and statistics, the evaluation system is proved to be valid and reliable.