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ObjectiveTo study the characteristics of imprinting template of flavonoid clusters in four Chinese medicines attributed to the lung meridian， and to establish an in vitro experimental approach for the study of the attribution of Chinese medicines to the lung meridian. MethodBased on 13 Chinese medicines， including Xanthii Fructus， Houttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and so on， which only belong to the lung meridian in Chinese Materia Medica（the 13th Five-Year planning textbook of general higher education）， we identified four representative Chinese medicines， namely Houttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and Mori Cortex， and set up their fingerprints by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and calculated the molecular connectivity indices of various components in the four Chinese medicines， the similarity to their mean value was calculated by included angle cosine method， so as to establish the quantitative relationship of construction versus imprinting ability， and to determine the order of each component in the lung meridian. A total of 7 reference substances， including chlorogenic acid， rutin， quercetin， isoquercitrin， hyperoside， epicatechin， and iridin， were selected to validate the overall conformational relationships of flavonoids of the model， as well as its predictive ability. ResultHouttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and Mori Cortex contained a total of 437 chemical components with an average molecular connectivity index similarity of 0.995 6. The four Chinese medicines contained a total of 204 flavonoids with an average molecular connectivity index similarity of 0.978 0， which was second only to the alkaloids with 0.985 1. The retention time（tR） of the 7 reference substances showed a good conformational relationship with the similarity of the molecular connectivity index（tR=831.4×S-790.3， r=0.861 4， P<0.01）， which was applicable to the in vitro attribution study of the position， similarity， and relative similarity with tR of the cluster of 98.04% of flavonoids. Accordingly， the 1st position was kuwanon D， with a similarity of molecular connectivity index of 0.987 7 and a tR of 30.88 min， the 200th position was chlorogenic acid， with a similarity of molecular connectivity index of 0.958 2 and a tR of 6.36 min. The total first-order moment of the four Chinese medicines calculated by total statistical moment method of fingerprint was 24.26 min， ranked 21， which could characterize 99.19% of the whole， and the total first-order moment of the total peak area of the 7 reference substances in the four Chinese medicines was 20.00 min， with a rank of 46， which could characterize 98.68% of the whole. ConclusionFlavonoid clusters are suitable probes for the characterization of imprinting template for the study of the lung meridian， which can be established a quantitative imprinting method for meridian tropism of Chinese medicines in vitro.
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This case report describes three cases in which periapical surgeries were carried out using a new surgical endodontic technique by using a three?dimensional (3D) printed template for guided osteotomy and root resection. In Case 1, the data obtained from preoperative CT scan and cast scan were transferred to a surgical planning software. The surgical template was printed using a 3D printer. Using the template, osteotomy and root?end resection were precisely carried out. In Case 2, after CBCT imaging, data were transferred to stereolithography and a 3D model was fabricated. With the help of the 3D model, a template was fabricated using tray material. This guided surgical template minimized the extent of osteotomy and enabled precise targeting of the apex. In Case 3, a preoperative CT scan aided in the fabrication of a surgical 3D template. The template assisted in the precise removal of the overlying cortical bone.
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Objective:To study the precision of 3D printing coplanar template (3D-PCT) assisted CT-guided radioactive particle implantation using two types of phantoms, and compare the differences between the phantoms, in order to provide reference for radioactive particle implantation.Methods:The needle inserting path was designed in the brachytherapy treatment planning system (BTPS) and the needle tip coordinates were obtained. Following the needle inserting path, the implant needles were inserted into the custom and the liver phantoms, respectively. Then gold markers were implanted through the needles. Subsequently, the needles were withdrawn by 10 mm, and the cold sources were implanted. The coordinates of needle tips, gold markers, and cold sources were recorded. The precision of implanted needles, first particles, and particles after needle withdrawal were obtained by calculating the distance between two points in the space. Finally, the differences between the two phantoms were compared through independent samples t-test. Results:In the 3D-PCT-assisted CT-guided radioactive particle implantation, the precision of implanted needles, first particles, and particles after needle withdrawal in the custom and the liver phantoms was (1.89±0.72) and (2.14±0.88 ) mm ( P>0.05), (2.03±1.14) and (2.42±1.12) mm ( P>0.05), and (-1.96±1.29) and (-2.82±0.91) mm ( t=2.09, P=0.046), respectively. Conclusions:The 3D-PCT-assisted CT-guided radioactive particle implantation is efficient, stable, and precise, showing slight precision differences between the two phantoms.
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Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of positioning guide templates for maxillary wholly impacted supernumerary teeth to provide technological solutions for clinical applications. @*Methods @#After approval by the hospital ethics committee and informed consent given by the patients. Data from 136 patients with maxillary wholly impacted supernumerary teeth from January 2016 to April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the usage of the positioning guide template. The experimental group included patients using the positioning guide template (71 cases), and the control group did not use the positioning guide template (65 cases). The operation time and complications were statistically analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy after surgery. @*Results @# All operations were successfully completed. The average operation time in the experimental group was (21.5 ± 3.4) min, significantly shorter than that in the control group (27.2 ± 4.9) min. There were statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups (t = 7.599, P<0.001). One week after the operation, there were no complications in the experimental group, and there were 2 cases of adjacent tooth injury and 3 cases of gingival numbness in the control group.@* Conclusion @# A digital positioning guide template can effectively shorten the time of maxillary wholly impacted supernumerary teeth extraction and is an effective means to assist clinical maxillary wholly impacted supernumerary teeth extraction.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the fingerprint of six pungent herbs based on the molecular connectivity index（MCI）and the matching frequency total statistical moment method， and to study the division and integration of the "imprinting template" of their volatile components， so as to find the common "imprinting template" characteristics of the pungent herbs. MethodThe volatile components of six pungent herbs were extracted by steam distillation， and their fingerprints were established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） with a programmed temperature increase（80 ℃ for 5 min， 5 ℃·min-1 to 200 ℃ for 5 min， 2 ℃·min-1 to 230 ℃ for 10 min）， a splitting ratio of 20∶1， an electron bombardment ion source（EI） and the detection range of m/z 35-650， and the average MCI and total statistical moment parameters of the fingerprints were calculated. Then the matching frequency method was used to classify， integrate and confirm the chromatographic peaks of the fingerprints of six pungent herbs. ResultThe average zero order， first-order and second-order MCI values of the volatile components of Pogostemonis Herba， Artemisiae Argyi Folium， Atractylodis Rhizoma， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Magnoliae Flos and Schizonepetae Herba were 9.02， 5.28 and 5.05， respectively. The average values of peak number， total zero-order moment， total first-order moment and total second-order moment were 60， 169×107， 22.49 min and 36.82 min2， respectively. The 20 integrated imprinting templates were obtained by the matching frequency method for the six pungent herbs， among which three were common imprinting templates with the retention times of （25.97±0.21），（26.90±0.20），（31.64±1.24） min， respectively， and the representative components were valencene，β-elemene， caryophyllin， etc. ConclusionMCI combined the matching frequency total statistical moment can divide and integrate the characteristics of imprinting templates of six pungent herbs， and find their common chromatographic imprinting characteristics， which can provide a reference for the determination of effective substances of pungent herbs.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness of a new point contact pedicle navigation template (referred to as "new navigation template" for simplicity) in assisting screw implantation in scoliosis correction surgery.@*METHODS@#Twenty-five patients with scoliosis, who met the selection criteria between February 2020 and February 2023, were selected as the trial group. During the scoliosis correction surgery, the three-dimensional printed new navigation template was used to assist in screw implantation. Fifty patients who had undergone screw implantation with traditional free-hand implantation technique between February 2019 and February 2023 were matched according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria as the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in terms of gender, age, disease duration, Cobb angle on the coronal plane of the main curve, Cobb angle at the Bending position of the main curve, the position of the apical vertebrae of the main curve, and the number of vertebrae with the pedicle diameter lower than 50%/75% of the national average, and the number of patients whose apical vertebrae rotation exceeded 40°. The number of fused vertebrae, the number of pedicle screws, the time of pedicle screw implantation, implant bleeding, fluoroscopy frequency, and manual diversion frequency were compared between the two groups. The occurrence of implant complications was observed. Based on the X-ray films at 2 weeks after operation, the pedicle screw grading was recorded, the accuracy of the implant and the main curvature correction rate were calculated.@*RESULTS@#Both groups successfully completed the surgeries. Among them, the trial group implanted 267 screws and fused 177 vertebrae; the control group implanted 523 screws and fused 358 vertebrae. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in terms of the number of fused vertebrae, the number of pedicle screws, the pedicle screw grading and accuracy, and the main curvature correction rate. However, the time of pedicle screw implantation, implant bleeding, fluoroscopy frequency, and manual diversion frequency were significantly lower in trial group than in control group ( P<0.05). There was no complications related to screws implantation during or after operation in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The new navigation template is suitable for all kinds of deformed vertebral lamina and articular process, which not only improves the accuracy of screw implantation, but also reduces the difficulty of operation, shortens the operation time, and reduces intraoperative bleeding.
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Humans , Orthopedic Procedures , Pedicle Screws , Retrospective Studies , Scoliosis/surgery , Spinal Fusion/methods , Spine , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methodsABSTRACT
ObjectiveBased on the supramolecular "imprinting template" theory， the autonomous action law of the component groups of Shentong Zhuyutang in the preparation process of medicinal materials-decoction pieces-formulas was studied to clarify the quantitative transfer law of its quality attributes. MethodUltra performance liquid chromatography（UPLC） fingerprint of Shentong Zhuyutang was established with mobile phase of 0.4% phosphoric acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution（0-2.5 min， 100%A； 2.5-6 min， 100%-96%A； 6-15 min， 96%-92%A； 15-25 min， 92%-88%A； 25-35 min， 88%-75%A； 35-50 min， 75%-65%A； 50-60 min， 65%-50%A； 60-65 min， 50%-30%A； 65-70 min， 100%A） and detection wavelength of 235 nm， and the total statistical moments， information entropy and primary feeding amount of fingerprint of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and benchmark samples were calculated. Dry extract rate of the benchmark samples， the transfer rates and the addition parameters of medicinal materials-decoction pieces-formulas were calculated. ResultSimilarities of the total statistical moments of UPLC fingerprint of 15 batches of medicinal materials and decoction pieces were>0.89， the relative standard deviations（RSDs） of information entropy of UPLC fingerprint of 12 medicinal materials and decoction pieces were<10%. RSDs of total first-order moment（MCRTT） and information entropy of Shentong Zhuyutang（medicinal materials） were 5.5% and 2.3%， while the RSDs of MCRTT and information entropy of Shentong Zhuyutang（decoction pieces） were 4.8% and 2.6%， respectively. The dry extract rate of 45 batches of Shentong Zhuyutang was 17.2%-20.2%. The transfer rate of medicinal materials to decoction pieces was within the range of data fluctuation， which was 70%-130% of the average value. The overall transfer rates of medicinal materials to decoction pieces and decoction pieces to benchmark samples were 101.8% and 83.0%， respectively. ConclusionThe quality properties of Shentong Zhuyutang benchmark samples can be studied by total statistical moment analysis and primary feeding amount analysis， which can confirm the supramolecular "imprinting template" theory to a certain extent.
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Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of the minimally invasive treatment of unstable pelvic fractures with the blunt head technique of Kirschner wire and 3D-printed external template technique.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the clinical data of 21 patients with unstable pelvic fracture who had undergone minimally invasive treatment at Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital from May 2016 to July 2018 using 3D-printed external templates and the blunt head technique of Kirschner wire. There were 7 males and 14 females with an age of 43.6 years (from 19 to 65 years). According to the Tile classification, there were 3 cases of B1, 7 ones of B2, 6 ones of C1 and 5 ones of C2. The intraoperative fluoroscopy, operation time, postoperative fracture reduction and functional recovery of the pelvis at the last follow-up were recorded.Results:The 21 patients were followed up for an average of 16.3 months (from 12 to 24 months). A total of 33 wires were inserted in the 21 patients, including 15 S 1 ones and 18 S 2 ones. The intraoperative fluoroscopy ranged from 13 to 27 times, averaging 21.8 times. The operation time ranged from 65 to 130 min, averaging 88.6 min. The anterior subcutaneous internal fixation was used to fix the anterior ring in 9 patients. No vascular injury occurred during the operation. By the Matta criteria, the postoperative fracture reduction was assessed as excellent in 14 cases, good in 5, and fair in 2, giving an excellent to good rate of 90.5% (19/21). By the Majeed scoring system, the pelvic function at the last follow-up was assessed as excellent in 10 cases, good in 8, and fair in 3, giving an excellent to good rate of 85.7% (18/21). Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury occurred in 2 patients but was recovered by the 3-month follow-up. No other complications were follwed up. Conclusion:The minimally invasive treatment of unstable pelvic fractures with the blunt head technique of Kirschner wire assissted by 3D-printed external templates is safe and effective, showing advatages of reduced fluoroscopic frequency and operation time.
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Hip arthroplasty is a common surgical method with good clinical effect. However, there are many influencing factors, among which the position of prosthesis is the key factor determining the prognosis. At present, 3D printing technology is widely used in hip replacement, which has an important effect in improving the position of hip replacement prosthesis. This paper reviews the application of 3D printing guide plate in hip arthroplasty.
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Digital and intelligent technology is an important driving force to promote the transformation and innovation of medical service mode and improve service quality. In February 2020, Peking Union Medical College Hospital established an intelligent outpatient pre-admission medical history collection system in order to improve the intelligent level of clinical application business system and the medical experience of outpatients.The system consisted of artificial intelligence capability layer, application service layer, capability resource layer and user application layer and hardware technology architecture. By docking with the hospital information system and using mobile terminal App, patients could submit pre-admission medical history information by themselves, and generate structured patient history for the visiting doctors to call. By November 2021, the pre-admission medical history collection system had covered 80% of the departments of the hospital, serving 1.68 million people in total, and the patient filling rate had reached 60%. The duration of patient′s medical history collection and the duration of doctor′s outpatient electronic medical record writing had been continuously shortened, greatly improving the efficiency of outpatient medical services.
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Objective@#To propose a digitally modified and guided bone regeneration technique supported by a nonabsorbable titanium plate and explore its effect on vertical bone regeneration.@*Methods@#A total of 8 patients with severe vertical bone defects in the edentulous area who wanted to be treated with implants were included in this study. A digitally modified and guided bone regeneration technique supported by a nonabsorbable titanium plate (fence technique) was used for bone augmentation. The patient's jaw, dentition, and soft tissue data were obtained for prosthetically guided implantation and bone regeneration. After virtual bone augmentation, a model of the jaw was obtained through 3D printing technology, and the titanium plate was bent accordingly. The virtual design was transformed through the template (including the base template and the attachment of a periosteal screw and bone block), so the actual osteogenesis space consistent with the design could be realized in the operation. Guided bone regeneration was performed according to the improved procedure and technical process. After 6 ~ 8 months of bone augmentation, cone beam CT was taken to evaluate the effect of bone augmentation. The implant was implanted according to the initial implant design, and bone tissue was obtained for HE and Masson staining. @* Results@#After 6 ~ 8 months of bone augmentation, the vertical linear bone increment reached (5.44 ± 1.73) mm. The implant was implanted according to the initial implant design, and the bone tissue was obtained for histological examination to show the formation of new bone.@*Conclusion@#Digital improved fence technique can simplify the preoperative and surgical procedures, and obtain good vertical bone augmentation results. In short, it is a kind of vertical bone augmentation technique worth popularizing and applying.
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Objective:To investigate the safety and dose of 4D template (real-time adjustable angle template) in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors with 125I seeds. Methods:98 patients with advanced malignant tumors admitted to Department of Thoracic Surgery of Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital were treated with 4D template-navigated radioactive 125I seed implantation from June 2018 to December 2019. Preoperative TPS plan, intraoperative optimization, postoperative verification of immediate dose and postoperative evaluation of implantation dose were performed. The treatment results were observed. Results:All 98 patients completed the seed implantation. The implantation dose of GTV of implantation site receiving external irradiation was (12 489±414) cGy and the dose of no external irradiation was (15 036±514) cGy. V 100% was 84.7%-94.1%, and 88.2%-93.7%. The implantation dose of CTV was (7 450±621) cGy, and (9 080±761) cGy. The quality of dose implantation was evaluated as: excellent in 89 cases (91%, 89/98), good in 7 cases (7%, 7/98), fair in 2 cases (2%, 2/98), and poor in 0 case, respectively. The symptom relief rate of patients with pain was 92%(36/39). The 1-and 2-year local control rates were 61%, 36% and 82%, 54% in patients treated with and without external irradiation, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.02). The incidence rates of pneumothorax and hemoptysis were 19%(9/48) and 10%(5/48). No corresponding complications were observed in other parts of the patients. Conclusion:4D template-assisted 125I seed therapy is safe and effective for malignant tumors, and intraoperative adjustment of needle angle and dose optimization can realize the precise control of implantation dose.
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In the era of artificial intelligence based on big data， data acquisition， storage and processing are more convenient， which provides a guarantee for accelerating the development of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， but it has not yet achieved organic integration with TCM theory. Based on preliminary research on the supramolecular "Qi chromatography" theory of TCM， combined with the current development trend of artificial intelligence， this paper analyzed the biological intelligence attribute of the function of TCM supramolecular "imprinting template"， in order to provide reference for the development of TCM drug innovation. Both the human body and Chinese materia medica are giant complex supramolecular bodies evolved from natural organisms. According to the "imprinting template"， the "social molecules" are controlled step by step to form the meridians and viscera. The interaction produces the original theory of TCM， in which the self-recognition， self-assembly， self-organization and self-replication of the "imprinting template" reflect the "intelligence" function attributes：the human body uses the "imprinting template" to self-identify and sense the ingredients of TCM， and store the memory information database in the meridian and collateral organs in the form of "imprinting template"， and then pass the "imprinting template". The comparison， analysis， and judgment of imprinting templates guide the self-assembly， self-organization and self-replication among "molecular society"， synthesize biological machines， produce biological functions， repair or strengthen biological supramolecular bodies， and present the most basic "intelligence" attribute. This suggests that the theory of theory-method-prescription-medicine of TCM is the weak embodiment of biological "intelligence"， while the human brain function is the strong embodiment of biological "intelligence". Since the intelligent function of supramolecular "imprinting template" runs through the natural world， artificial intelligence that can characterize the strong "intelligence" form of the human brain will also be integrated into all aspects of the natural world， suggesting the development direction of "intelligence" functionalization of drug innovation mode.
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School-age children are in a specific development stage corresponding to juvenility, when the white matter of the brain experiences ongoing maturation. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), especially diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is extensively used to characterize the maturation by assessing white matter properties in vivo. In the analysis of DWI data, spatial normalization is crucial for conducting inter-subject analyses or linking the individual space with the reference space. Using tensor-based registration with an appropriate diffusion tensor template presents high accuracy regarding spatial normalization. However, there is a lack of a standardized diffusion tensor template dedicated to school-age children with ongoing brain development. Here, we established the school-age children diffusion tensor (SACT) template by optimizing tensor reorientation on high-quality DTI data from a large sample of cognitively normal participants aged 6-12 years. With an age-balanced design, the SACT template represented the entire age range well by showing high similarity to the age-specific templates. Compared with the tensor template of adults, the SACT template revealed significantly higher spatial normalization accuracy and inter-subject coherence upon evaluation of subjects in two different datasets of school-age children. A practical application regarding the age associations with the normalized DTI-derived data was conducted to further compare the SACT template and the adult template. Although similar spatial patterns were found, the SACT template showed significant effects on the distributions of the statistical results, which may be related to the performance of spatial normalization. Looking forward, the SACT template could contribute to future studies of white matter development in both healthy and clinical populations. The SACT template is publicly available now ( https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/SACT_template/14071283 ).
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Objective:To preliminarily evaluate the safety and efficacy of 3D printing template-assisted brachytherapy in the treatment of solitary metastatic lymph nodes adjacent to iliac vessels.Methods:Clinical data of 12 cases of para-iliac lymph node metastasis after radiotherapy admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received 3D printing template-assisted brachytherapy at a prescription dose of 20-30 Gy/fraction. CT scan was reviewed every 1 month in the first 3 months after treatment and every 3 months at 3 months after treatment.Local control rate, symptom relief rate and adverse events were evaluated.Results:All the 12 patients successfully completed the treatment and follow-up. At 1, 3 and 6 months after 3D printing template-assisted brachytherapy, 2, 2 and 3 patients obtained complete remission of lymph nodes, 9, 8 and 8 cases of partial remission, 1 case of stable disease and no case of disease progression. The symptoms were relieved in 10 patients. Acute radiation enteritis occurred in 2 patients and myelosuppression in 2 patients, which were mitigated after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:3D printing template-assisted brachytherapy may be an efficacious and safe treatment of para-iliac lymph node metastasis, which yields tolerable adverse events.
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Objective:To investigate the technical method and clinical efficacy of CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation (RISI) assisted by 3D-printed coplanar template(3D-PCT) in the treatment of metastatic tumors of chest wall, and analyze the influence of dosimetric parameters on the treatment efficacy. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted for 55 patients with metastatic tumors of chest wall treated with 3D-PCT-assisted 125I radioactive seed implantation in Tengzhou Central People′s Hospital from January 2014 to March 2021.Preoperative plans were made using a brachytherapy treatment planning system, and dosimetric parameters were assessed at 3d after surgery. During regular CT reexaminations after surgery, the local control rate and overall survival (OS) rate were calculated and the pain relief degree and complications were assessed. The Logrank test and Cox regression were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of local control time (LCT). Meanwhile, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the critical values of dosimetric parameters and to predict the LCT. Results:The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates ofthe 55 patients were 72.7% (40/55), 21.8% (12/55), and 16.4% (9/55), respectively.The local control rates of 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were 96.4%(53/55), 86.5%(45/52), 85.0%(34/40), and 91.7%(11/12), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between postoperative and postoperative dosimetric parameters of GTV, particle number, D90, D100, V100, V150, V200, CI, EI, and HI ( P> 0.05). Compared with postoperative V90, the postoperative V90 decreased with a statistically significant difference( P=0.006). As indicated by the univariate Cox regression analysis, the pathological grade, D90, D100, V90, and V200had significant effects on the LCT( P<0.05). Among them, the pathological grade and D90 were independent influencing factors of the LCT, while the other factors showed no statistically significant difference according to the multivariate Cox regression analysis.The LCT of patients with D90≥127 Gy was significantly longer than that of patients with D90<127 Gy (χ 2=16.61, P=0.000). The pain relief rate was 80.8%(21/26) after three months. Five cases suffered from grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ radioactive dermatitis and one case experienced grade Ⅲ radioactive dermatitis. Conclusions:The 3D-PCT-assisted CT-guided 125I radioactive seed implementation can achieve precise and controllable dose and definite efficacy in the treatment of metastatic tumors of chest wall, with few complications.The LCT was remarkably prolonged in the case of D90≥127 Gy, and D90 is an independent influencing factor of the LCT.
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Objective:To compare and analyze the differences of common dose indicators before and after operation of 3D-printing template assisted by CT-guided 125I seed implantation in the treatment of bone metastases to guide clinical application. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 12 lesions in the 10 patients (9 males and 1 female, median age 65 years), who underwent seed implantation surgery for bone metastases in the Tianjin Third Central Hospital from June 2019 to January 2021, was conducted. All the lesions were adopted for 3D-printing template to guide seed implantation and the prescribed dose was 120-140 Gy. The differences of common dose indicators between preoperative treatment plan and postoperative verification plan were compared, including D90 (dose received by 90% of the target volume), D100 (dose received by 100% of the target volume), V90 (the volume percent for tumor target volume receiving 90% of the prescribed dose), V100 (the volume percent for tumor target volume receiving 100% of the prescribed dose), V150 (the volume percent for tumor target volume receiving 150 % of the prescribed dose), as well as the quantity of seeds planned and actually used. The paired t-test was performed to compare and analyze those parameters. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in pre- and postoperative D90, D100, V90, V100, V150 ( P > 0.05). The actual quantity of seeds used after operation was more than that of the preoperative planned quantity and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.930, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The clinical use of 3D-printing template assisted by CT-guided 125I seed implantation for bone metastasis should be promoted since the dose is accurate and the requirements of preoperative plan can be achieved.
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Objective:To prepare hollow copper selenide nanoparticles (Cu 2- xSe NPs), and investigate their photothermal properties and radiotherapy sensitization performance. Methods:Hollow copper selenide nanoparticles (Cu 2- xSe NPs) were prepared by sacrificial template method with Cu 2O NPs as sacrificial templates and with selenium powder as selenium source. The surface of copper selenide nanoparticles (Cu 2- xSe NPs) was modified with mercapto-ethylene glycol (mPEG-SH) to obtain Cu 2- xSe-PEG NPs. The morphology, particle size and ultraviolet spectrum of the Cu 2- xSe NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, laser particle size analyzer and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The photothermal properties and radiosensitization performance of the Cu 2- xSe-PEG NPs were investigated by infrared thermal imager and biological X-ray irradiator. Results:The obtained Cu 2- xSe NPs showed a hollow structure and good monodispersity, and the average diameter were (136.9±7.0) nm. The Cu 2- xSe NPs had absorption in the near-infrared region. When the Cu 2- xSe-PEG NPs sample with the mass concentration of 200 μg/ml were irradiated under 808 nm laser at 1.0 W/cm 2 for 10 min, the temperature raised to more than 55 ℃. The level of reactive oxygen species produced by the Cu 2- xSe-PEG NPs under X-ray irradiation was related to the concentration and radiation dose. Conclusions:The proposed preparation method can control the size of synthesized Cu 2- xSe NPs, and the Cu 2- xSe NPs had good photothermal properties and radiosensitization performance. This work will provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of Cu 2- xSe-PEG NPs in tumor thermoradiotherapy.
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Objective:To construct the targeting evaluation method of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） preparations based on supramolecular Qi chromatography theory， and to study the liver targeting effect of Bupleuri Radix on Pien Tze Huang. Method:The molecular connectivity index （MCI） was used to analyze the characteristics of imprinted template and liver targeting tendency of TCM mainly attributed to liver meridian and components of Pien Tze Huang， and combined with target dynamics and total statistical moment principle， aimed at the independent action characteristics of multi-component imprinted template of TCM， a method for evaluating the targeting of TCM preparations was established. Hepatoma rats in Pien Tze Huang group， Bupleuri Radix<italic> </italic>group， Pien Tze Huang+Bupleuri Radix group and blank group were tested and verified. Result:After the average value of MCI of TCM mainly attributed to liver meridian was deducted， the MCI similarity between Pien Tze Huang group and Bupleuri Radix group was 0.376 8， Pien Tze Huang+Bupleuri Radix group and Bupleuri Radix group was 0.988 2， so it was predicted that Bupleuri Radix could enhance the liver targeting of Pien Tze Huang. A system for evaluating the targeting of TCM compounds was established， including relative total uptake efficiency （RUE<sub>T</sub>）， relative total concentration （RC<sub>T</sub>）， relative imprinted tendency （RIT<sub>T</sub>） and relative imprinted variance （RIV<sub>T</sub>）. The RUE<sub>T</sub> and RC<sub>T</sub> of liver were the highest in all tissues （RUE<sub>T</sub>=1.88>1，RC<sub>T</sub><italic>=</italic>2.30>1）， and the corresponding values of other tissues were all <1， indicating that Pien Tze Huang combined with Bupleuri Radix could increase its distribution in liver and enhance liver targeting. Except for plasma， the RIT<sub>T</sub> and RIV<sub>T</sub> of other tissues fluctuated around 1.0， indicating that targeted modification did not change imprinted tendency of Pien Tze Huang and had no significant effect on the types of components. Conclusion:Under the guidance of supramolecular Qi chromatography theory， a targeting evaluation parameter system can be established to characterize the multi-component imprinted effect of TCM preparations by MCI and total statistical moment parameters， so as to realize the evaluation of targeting of TCM preparations. The addition of Bupleuri Radix can increase the liver targeting of Pien Tze Huang.
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The application of modern scientific theories and technologies to explore the mechanism of Chinese medicine and its compounds is one of the key issues in realizing the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） research. Chinese medicine and its compounds produce comprehensive pharmacodynamics through multiple components acting on multiple targets， the core of clarifying the mechanism is to solve the key scientific problems of static correlation and dynamic integration verification between the components and the target network topology. At present， the effective method to clarify the mechanism of Chinese medicine and its compounds is to statically correlate the topological network of in vitro components and targets through network pharmacology. Although there are also component-target verification studies， they often learn from research idea of single component-single target， it is urgent to establish a quantitative integration and overall verification method that conforms to the characteristics of TCM. According to supramolecular Qi chromatography theory of TCM， the microscopic mechanism of interaction between Chinese medicine and human body is actually the two supramolecular host and object groups （the active ingredient group of Chinese medicine and the target group of human body） based on imprinted template， which shows the macroscopic properties and pharmacodynamics. Based on this， the author proposes to use supramolecular Qi chromatography theory as the guidance， combined with supramolecular chemistry， network dynamics， quantitative pharmacology and other methods to quantitatively integrate and verify the compositions and the target groups with imprinted template as the core predicted by network pharmacology， looking for the optimal quality markers， greatly reducing the difficulty of multi-component-multi-target experimental verification of Chinese medicine and its compounds.