ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shandong province during 2010-2016 and provide references for developing prevention and control measures.Methods Based on the data of Infectious Disease Reporting Information System in China,the incidence and temporal-spatial distribution of HFRS in Shandong from 2010 to 2016 were analyzed by spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan statistics.Results A total of 9 114 HFRS cases were reported in Shandong during this period.The cases were mainly distributed in age group 30-70 years,and the male to female ratio of the cases was 2.63 ∶ 1.Most cases were farmers.The higher incidence rate was reported in southeastern Shandong,while the lower incidence rate was reported in northwestern Shandong.Among the epidemic periods,the highest incidence rate was 1.87/100 000 in 2013.The results of spatial autocorrelation and space-time scanning indicated that the high-high clusters of HFRS were concentrated in southeastern Shandong and then spread to central Shandong.The cluster mainly occurred from the end of 2011 to the first half of 2015.Both the incidence rate and the cluster decreased in 2016.Conclusions The epidemic and cluster of HFRS still existed in Shandong from 2010 to 2016.The key areas for the prevention and control of HFRS were in southeastern and central Shandong.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shandong province during 2010-2016 and provide references for developing prevention and control measures.Methods Based on the data of Infectious Disease Reporting Information System in China,the incidence and temporal-spatial distribution of HFRS in Shandong from 2010 to 2016 were analyzed by spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan statistics.Results A total of 9 114 HFRS cases were reported in Shandong during this period.The cases were mainly distributed in age group 30-70 years,and the male to female ratio of the cases was 2.63 ∶ 1.Most cases were farmers.The higher incidence rate was reported in southeastern Shandong,while the lower incidence rate was reported in northwestern Shandong.Among the epidemic periods,the highest incidence rate was 1.87/100 000 in 2013.The results of spatial autocorrelation and space-time scanning indicated that the high-high clusters of HFRS were concentrated in southeastern Shandong and then spread to central Shandong.The cluster mainly occurred from the end of 2011 to the first half of 2015.Both the incidence rate and the cluster decreased in 2016.Conclusions The epidemic and cluster of HFRS still existed in Shandong from 2010 to 2016.The key areas for the prevention and control of HFRS were in southeastern and central Shandong.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the tempo?spatial patterns of schistosomiasis in Jiangling County,Hubei Province,so as to identify the risk areas and provide the scientific evidence in following intervention plans for marshland epidemic areas in the stage of transmission control. Methods The schistosomiasis epidemiological data in Jiangling County from 2009 to 2013 to?gether with the related geographical information were collected and analyzed. The tempo?spatial distribution patterns were ana?lyzed by the spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial clustering analysis. Results The human infection rate was decreased from 2.15%in 2009 to 0.63%in 2013,which was the historically low level. The results of tempo?spatial analysis showed that there were spatial clustering effects in human schistosomiasis infection for each of the years. The values of spatial autocorrelation index Moran’s I were statistically significant. Eighteen and thirty?five clusters were detected by using SatScan and FlexScan soft?ware,respectively. Conclusions From 2009 to 2013,the schistosomiasis endemic situation in Jiangling County presented a decline trend and reached the historical low level. The identified spatial clustering areas should be targeted as the prioritized ar?eas for schistosomiasis control.
ABSTRACT
The temporal-spatial distribution of benthic meiofauna was evaluated in four beaches at the north coast of Havana, Cuba, from March 2003 to February 2004. We studied two urban beaches (Santa Fe and La Concha) and two tourist beaches (Mar Azul and Canasi). Monthly meiofauna samplings were taken by scuba-diving using with a syringe (inner diameter 2.5 cm), and physico-chemical parameters (grain size, interstitial salinity and water column salinity were recorded with standard equipment). Statistical analysis (MDS and ANOSIM) were performed. Depth and biotope kind were the same in the four beaches. Highest densities were obtained in Santa Fe (7,133.48 ind/10 cm2) while the lowest mean densities were found in Canasí (892.12 ind/10 cm2). We recorded 13 taxa; the dominant organisms in Santa Fe and Mar Azul were free-living marine nematodes. Copepods were the dominant organisms in La Concha and Canasí.
Con el objetivo de evaluar la distribución espacio-temporal de la meiofauna béntica en la zona sublitoral del norte de la Habana, se realizaron muestreos mensuales en cuatro playas, dos al W de la ciudad (Santa Fe y La Concha) y dos al E (Mar Azul y Canasí), desde marzo del 2003 hasta febrero del 2004. Se mantuvo constante la profundidad de muestreo, biotopo y tipo de sedimento, observándose la relación con la salinidad en la columna de agua e intersticial. Para determinar la afinidad entre estaciones se realizó un análisis MDS y para establecer diferencias significativas entre éstas a nivel espacial ó temporal se realizó un análisis de similitud ANOSIM. Las densidades medias más altas se obtuvieron en Santa Fe (7 133. 48 ind/10 cm2) y las más bajas en Canasí (892.12 ind/10 cm2). Se registraron un total de 13 táxones en todas las áreas estudiadas, siendo los nemátodos de vida libre los organismos dominantes en las estaciones de Santa Fe y Mar Azul, y los copépodos los dominantes en La Concha y Canasí. Se detectaron dos picos de abundancia para los nemátodos y los copépodos durante el período de estudio, así como diferencias significativas entre las estaciones muestreadas, agrupándose así: Santa Fe - La Concha y Mar Azul - Canasí.