Phacoemulsification combined with capsular tension ring and intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of high myopia with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with capsular tension ring and intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of high myopia with cataract.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 82 cases(82 eyes)of high myopia complicated with cataract who admitted to the cataract department of our hospital from December 2021 to April 2023 were selected as study objects, and they were divided into control group(n=39)and combination group(n=43)according to whether or not the capsular tension ring was used intraoperatively. Patients in the control group were treated with intraocular lens implantation alone, and those in the combination group were treated with phacoemulsification combined with capsular tension ring and intraocular lens implantation. The preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity, central anterior chamber depth, trabecular ciliary process, visual quality and complications were compared.RESULTS: At 1 mo after surgery, the best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR)of both groups increased significantly(combination group: 0.64±0.28 vs 0.12±0.14; control group: 0.62±0.26 vs 0.23±0.25, both P<0.001). Central anterior chamber depth in both groups were higher than those before surgery(combination group: 2.57±0.56 vs 1.97±0.40 mm; control group: 2.22±0.45 vs 1.89±0.37 mm; both P<0.001), and the best corrected visual acuity and central anterior chamber depth of the combination group were significantly better than those of the control group(both P<0.05). The distance of trabecular ciliary process showed no statistical significance(combination group: 0.68±0.22 vs 0.74±0.20 mm; control group: 0.74±0.19 vs 0.78±0.17 mm, both P>0.05). The visual quality scores of the combination group were all higher than the control group at 1 mo after surgery [watching TV: 3.00±0.38 vs 2.22±0.46 points; reading books: 2.85±0.42 vs 2.21±0.44 points; night vision: 2.71±0.34 vs 2.37±0.41 points; fine operation: 2.82±0.38 vs 2.33±0.40 points, all P<0.001]. The incidence of complication in the combination group was significantly lower than that of the control group(33% vs 14%, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification combined with capsular tension ring and intraocular lens implantation can effectively promote the recovery of visual function, improve the structure of chamber angle, and reduce the incidence of complications in the treatment of patients with high myopia and cataract.

Los Músculos Isquiosurales y su Capacidad Profiláctica sobre la Translación Tibial Anterior en Lesión de Ligamento Cruzado Anterior: Una Revisión Sistemática / The Hamstrings Muscles and their Prophylactic Capacity on Anterior Tibial Translation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review

La ruptura de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) es la lesión de rodilla más común que se trata de una reconstruc- ción quirúrgica. El objetivo principal de esta revisión fue analizar la importancia de la función de los músculos isquiosurales como factor de riesgo de posibles lesiones de LCA. Se llevó a cabo siguiendo las normas Preferred Reported Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta- analyses (PRISMA). La fuente de la recopilación de datos fue la consulta directa de las bases de datos Pubmed, Sportdiscus, Web of Science y Scopus. Para la recuperación documental, se utilizaron varias palabras clave y se evaluó la calidad de los estudios que fueron seleccionados mediante la escala PEDro. Los déficits de la función muscular en los músculos isquiosurales se han relacionado con una mayor translación tibial anterior y, como consecuencia, un incremento del estrés tensional sobre el LCA entre los 10° y 45° de flexión de rodilla. Una co-activación de los músculos isquiosurales con el músculo cuádriceps femoral puede ser de gran ayuda para reducir los factores de riesgo de la lesión LCA.

SUMMARY: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common knee injury to undergo surgery in the sports setting. The main objective of this review was to analyze the importance of hamstring function as a risk factor for potential ACL injury. It was conducted following the Preferred Reported Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The source of data collection was direct consultation of the Pubmed, Sportdiscus, Web of Science and Scopus databases. For documentary retrieval, several key words were used and the quality of the studies that were selected was assessed using the PEDro scale. Muscle function deficits in the hamstrings have been related to increased anterior tibial translation and, as a consequence, increased tensional stress on the ACL between 10° and 45° of knee flexion. A co-activation of the hamstrings with the quadriceps may be helpful in reducing the risk factors for ACL injury.

Neumoencéfalo, una revisión de literatura / Pneumocephalus, a literature review

El neumoencéfalo corresponde a la presencia de aire intracraneal y, en general, es asintomático y autolimitado. Puede ocurrir posterior a trauma, cirugía craneofacial, defectos congénitos, infección, neoplasia o de forma espontánea. El neumoencéfalo a tensión es una emergencia neuroquirúrgica, en la que se acumula aire intracraneal de forma continua que genera un efecto de masa. Clínicamente, se caracteriza por cefalea y un deterioro neurológico marcado. A pesar de ser poco frecuente, es relevante considerar el neumoencéfalo a tensión como una posible complicación en pacientes con antecedente de neurocirugía y/o cirugía otorrinolaringológica, debido a que es una patología potencialmente grave. El diagnóstico es clínico e imagenológico, y requiere de un alto índice de sospecha. Un manejo oportuno es relevante para prevenir la herniación y la muerte.

Pneumocephalus refers to the presence of air in the cranial cavity, and in general, is self-limited and asymptomatic. It can occur after trauma, craniofacial surgery, due to congenital defects, infection, neoplasia or spontaneously. Tension pneumocephalus is a neurosurgical emergency in which intracranial air accumulates continuously, causing a mass effect. It presents with headache and marked neurological deterioration. Despite being rare, it is relevant to consider tension pneumocephalus as a possible complication in patients with a history of neurosurgery and/or otolaryngology surgery, as it can be life-threatening. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and imagenologic confirmation. Timely management is relevant to prevent herniation and death.

Management of pediatric subluxated cataract and different methods to face the challenges

Background: Traumatic cataracts present in multiple and different forms. Based on the nature of injury, it necessitates a customized approach for individual case. Capsulorhexis and in the bag intraocular lens (IOL) placement are vital for long term centration of pediatric IOLs. Paediatric lenses having elastic capsule provide more challenges to perform optimum rhexis and the surgery becomes further complicated, when it is subluxated or fibrosed. Here is a pediatric case with such challenges managed using capsular tension ring (CTR) and capsular tension segment (CTS). Purpose: To demonstrate the making of optimum rhexis in a fibrosed capsule in subluxated lens and placing the IOL along with fixation of bag using CTR and CTS. Synopsis: A 13?year?old boy sustained an injury in the right eye from an air pistol, underwent lid tear repair in a local hospital, and presented to us one month post trauma with visual acuity of 6/60 in the right eye and 6/6 in the left eye. On examination, there was more than 180° temporal zonular dialysis with fibrosis of the anterior capsule. In this situation, creating an intact capsulorhexis was a challenge which was solved using micro?scissors and micro?vitreo?retinal forceps, in addition to routine instruments. After removing the lens material, CTS was placed initially in the bag to stabilize it while introducing CTR. The CTS was then fixated to the sclera. Foldable IOL was placed in the bag. Technique and tips to make intact rhexis and easy passage of suture are demonstrated. Highlights: This video shows tips and different methods adopted in each step of the surgery for successful placement of IOL in bag along with fixation of bag using CTR and CTS in a case of traumatic subluxated cataract with shrunken anterior lens capsule.

Temporomandibular Disorders Treatments and Its Effects on Headaches: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials / Tratamentos das Disfunções Temporomandibulares e seus Efeitos nas Cefaleias: Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise de Ensaios Controlados Randomizados

Objective: temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are the most common causes of chronic orofacial pain and, along with primary headaches, are considered Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions (COPCs). The aim of this study is to evaluate TMD treatment effects in individuals with comorbid headaches. Methods: a systematic review was conducted over a search in the database up to October 2020. Selected studies were randomized clinical trials with individuals diagnosed with TMD and comorbid headaches compared to a control group after treatments for TMD. All included studies were evaluated for their methodological quality through the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. Results: seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were applied in the review, with a total of 432 participants. Four studies were included in a meta-analysis. There was no significative mean difference in the frequency of headache after TMD treatment, nor for a reduction in pain, after TMD intervention for less than 12 weeks. Although for an individual with a TMD intervention period higher than 12 weeks, there was a significant reduction in pain. Conclusion: there is moderate evidence that painful TMD therapies for 12 weeks or higher reduce headache intensity in individuals with painful TMD and headaches. Simultaneous management of TMD and headache must be prioritized for more effective results on both conditions.

Objetivo: as Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DTM) são as causas mais comuns de dor orofacial crônica e, junto com as cefaleias primárias, são consideradas Condições de Dor Sobrepostas Crônicas (CPOCs). O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos do tratamento das DTMs em indivíduos com cefaleia comórbida. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão sistemática por meio de uma busca em banco de dados até outubro de 2020. Os estudos selecionados foram ensaios clínicos randomizados com indivíduos diagnosticados com DTM e cefaleia comórbida em comparação com um grupo controle após tratamentos para DTM. Todos os estudos incluídos foram avaliados quanto à sua qualidade metodológica por meio da ferramenta Cochrane Collaboration para avaliar o risco de viés. Resultados: sete estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram incluídos na revisão, totalizando 432 participantes. Quatro estudos foram incluídos em uma meta-análise. Não houve diferença média significativa na frequência de cefaleia após tratamento para DTM, nem para redução da dor, após intervenção para DTM por menos de 12 semanas. Para indivíduos com DTM, o tempo de intervenção maior que 12 semanas resultou em uma redução significativa da dor. Conclusão: há evidências moderadas de que terapias para DTM dolorosa por períodos de 12 semanas ou mais reduzem a intensidade da cefaleia em indivíduos com DTM dolorosa e cefaleia. O manejo simultâneo de DTM e cefaleia deve ser priorizado para resultados mais efetivos em ambas as condições.

Pain sensitization and atrophy of deep cervical muscles in patients with chronic tension-type headache

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the pressure pain threshold and the thickness of the cervical muscles in patients with tension-type headache versus healthy participants. METHODS: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Universidad Europea de Madrid between May and June 2022. Adults aged 18-65 years with tension-type headache diagnosed for more than 6 months were compared to healthy controls. B-mode ultrasound imaging was employed to measure the thickness of the neck stabilizing muscles, longus colli, and multifidus at the C5 and C6 levels, respectively. pressure pain threshold measurements were assessed bilaterally in the following regions: upper trapezius, masseter, temporalis, anterior tibialis, and median nerve. RESULTS: A total of 40 participants (90% females; 36.3±12.9 years, BMI 24.2±3.7 kg/m2) participated in the study. Compared with the control group (n=20), participants in the tension-type headache group (n=20) presented statistically significant lower values in all pressure pain threshold measures. Additionally, the tension-type headache group presented statistically significant lower values in the thickness of the following muscles: right multifidus at rest (1.0±0.2 cm versus 1.3±0.2 cm; p<0.001), left multifidus at rest (1.1±0.1 cm versus 1.3±0.1 cm; p<0.001) and during contraction (1.2±0.1 cm versus 1.5±0.2 cm; p<0.001), left longus colli at rest (1.0±0.2 cm versus 1.2±0.1 cm; p=0.01) and during contraction (1.2±0.2 cm versus 1.4±0.1 cm; p<0.001), and right longus colli during contraction (1.2±0.2 cm versus 1.4±0.2 cm; p=0.02). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that patients with tension-type headache showed lower thickness and lower pressure pain threshold of cervical muscles compared to healthy controls.

The importance of the temporomandibular joint in the differential diagnosis of primary headaches and recurrent primary headaches / A importância da articulação temporomandibular no diagnóstico diferencial de cefaleias primárias e cefaleias primárias recorrentes

Introduction: he present article aims to popularize the temporomandibular disorder as a possible diagnosis when the phisician is facing a primary headache that was first thought to be a migraine headache or tension type headache, specially when they are not responsible to the treatment. Methodology:This study focused on the clinical manifestation of the headache caused by temporomandibular disorder, with data searched in the National Library of Medicine, Scielo and PubMed libraries, from 2002 to 2022; also the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (2018) and the Continuum Headache (2021). The aspects of the clinical manifestation chosen for comparison were location of the pain, type of pain, crisis duration, improvement and worsening factors and associated symptoms. Results:27 articles were found and 3 were included and used to create a table comparing migraine, tension type and TMD headache. Some manifestations were similar, like bilateral location of headache (tension type and TMD headache) and many manifestations were distinct, like the type of pain (pulsatile for migraine, tight for tension type and rigidity or stabbing for TMD headache). In face of these results, it is clear that there are many aspects of the differential diagnosis between these three types of headache that can be investigated so that we can distinguish them. This study also reiterates the need for further studies regarding this topic. Conclusion:It is very reasonable to consider TMD headache as a first diagnosis when the complaint is a primary headache, as much as it is reasonable to consider this diagnosis when the refractoriness is the complaint. Also, considering the TMD as a trigger to the other headaches.

Introdução: o presente artigo tem como objetivo popularizar a disfunção temporomandibular como um possível diagnóstico quando o médico se depara com uma cefaleia primária que inicialmente se pensava ser uma enxaqueca ou cefaleia do tipo tensional, principalmente quando não são responsáveis ​​pelo tratamento. Metodologia:Este estudo teve como foco a manifestação clínica da cefaleia causada pela disfunção temporomandibular, com dados pesquisados ​​nas bibliotecas National Library of Medicine, Scielo e PubMed, de 2002 a 2022; também a 3ª edição da Classificação Internacional de Cefaleias (2018) e da Cefaleia Contínua (2021). Os aspectos da manifestação clínica escolhidos para comparação foram localização da dor, tipo de dor, duração da crise, fatores de melhora e piora e sintomas associados. Resultados: foram encontrados 27 artigos e 3 foram incluídos e utilizados para criar uma tabela comparando enxaqueca, tipo tensional e cefaleia por DTM. Algumas manifestações foram semelhantes, como localização bilateral da cefaleia (tipo tensional e cefaléia por DTM) e muitas manifestações foram distintas, como o tipo de dor (pulsátil para enxaqueca, tensa para tipo tensional e rigidez ou pontada para cefaléia por DTM). Diante desses resultados, fica claro que existem muitos aspectos do diagnóstico diferencial entre esses três tipos de cefaleia que podem ser investigados para que possamos distingui-los. Este estudo também reitera a necessidade de mais estudos sobre esse tema. Conclusão: É muito razoável considerar a cefaleia por DTM como primeiro diagnóstico quando a queixa é uma cefaleia primária, assim como é razoável considerar este diagnóstico quando a refratariedade é a queixa. Além disso, considerar a DTM como gatilho para as demais dores de cabeça.

Fisiología respiratoria: fisiología del surfactante pulmonar / Physiology of pulmonary surfactant

El proceso de respiración y el intercambio gaseoso requiere la interacción de variadas fuerzas en los distintos tejidos y órganos involucrados. La tensión superficial a nivel alveolar provocaría colapso de dichas estructuras de no ser por las características del surfactante que lo recubre. Revisaremos en este articulo la fisiología involucrada en su estructura física, producción y efectos pulmonares.

The process of breathing and gas exchange requires the interaction of various forces in the different tissues and organs involved. The surface tension at the alveolus would cause collapse of these structures without of the surfactant that covers it. We will review in this article the physiology involved in its physical structure, production, and pulmonary effects.

Mechanism of high-salt diet up-regulating TMEM16A-induced cerebral arterial remodeling in C57BL/6J mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the mechanism of high salt-induced cerebral artery remodeling in mice by up-regulating TMEM16A. Methods Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (10 per group, 8 weeks of intervention), namely, blank control group (normal diet), low-salt group (2% high salt diet), medium-salt group (4% high salt diet) and high-salt group (8% high salt diet). HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of cerebral arteries; blood vessel permeability test was used to compare the color and absorbance value of brain tissue. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect TMEM16A expression in cerebral arteries of mice in each group; PCR and Western blot were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TMEM16A in cerebral arterial tissues; whole-cell patch clamp was use to record the calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) currents of mouse cerebral artery smooth muscle cells in each group. Results HE results showed that 2%, 4%, and 8% high salt diet could concentra-tion-dependently induce cerebral arterial wall thickening and lumen stenosis in C57BL/6J mice. The permeability test found that compared with the control group, the absorbance value of the brain tissue of the mice in the 2%, 4% and 8% high salt groups increased significantly. The results of isolated muscle tension showed that compared with the control group, the systolic response of isolated cerebral arteries to 60 mmol • L

Potentiation of PIEZO2 mechanically-activated currents in sensory neurons mediates vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity

Vincristine, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for treating different cancer, often induces severe peripheral neuropathic pain. A common symptom of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathic pain is mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. However, mechanisms underlying vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia are not well understood. In the present study, we show with behavioral assessment in rats that vincristine induces mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in a PIEZO2 channel-dependent manner since gene knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of PIEZO2 channels alleviates vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Electrophysiological results show that vincristine potentiates PIEZO2 rapidly adapting (RA) mechanically-activated (MA) currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We have found that vincristine-induced potentiation of PIEZO2 MA currents is due to the enhancement of static plasma membrane tension (SPMT) of these cells following vincristine treatment. Reducing SPMT of DRG neurons by cytochalasin D (CD), a disruptor of the actin filament, abolishes vincristine-induced potentiation of PIEZO2 MA currents, and suppresses vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. Collectively, enhancing SPMT and subsequently potentiating PIEZO2 MA currents in primary afferent neurons may be an underlying mechanism responsible for vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats. Targeting to inhibit PIEZO2 channels may be an effective analgesic method to attenuate vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.

Efficacy of modified TOT surgery on patients with failed previous anti-incontinence procedures / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the causes of the failure of previous operations in female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified transobturator outside-in tape (TOT). 【Methods】 A total of 42 female SUI patients who had failed in previous anti-incontinence surgery during Aug.2016 and Jul.2022 were enrolled. The causes of failure were analyzed. All patients were treated with modified TOT, and the operation time, estimated blood loss, duration of catheterization, symptom improvement and complications were observed. The outcomes were evaluated with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICI-Q-SF), pad test and urodynamic study. 【Results】 All operations were technically successful. The average operation time was (32.4±18.6) min, and estimated blood loss was (54.2±34.5) mL. There were no obvious complications. After operation, the ICI-Q-SF score significantly decreased (P0.05). The overall effective rate was 88.1%. 【Conclusion】 Modified TOT can be used for the treatment of patients with failed anti-SUI surgery, which is simple and easy to perform, with a low complication rate and satisfactory postoperative results.

Effect of applied muscle tension on improving vasovagal reactions among blood donors: a meta-analysis / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To systematically evaluate the effect of applied muscle tension (AMT) exercises on reducing vasovagal reactions(VVRs) among blood donors by meta-analysis. 【Methods】 Nine related databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched using "applied muscle tension" and "vasovagal reactions" as keywords to collect clinical studies on the effects of AMT exercise on VVRs during blood donation. Two researchers independently screened, evaluated the quality and extracted data from the retrieved literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4 was used to conduct meta-analysis on the extracted data. 【Results】 A total of 7 articles were finally included, 5 in English and 2 in Chinese, covering 6 808 blood donors. The experimental group performed AMT during blood donation, while the control group did not. Compared with the control group, the difference in reducing the incidence of VVRs [ RR = 0.60, 95%CI (0.42, 0.87), P<0.01] was statistically significant in the AMT group. 【Conclusion】 AMT can effectively reduce the incidence of VVRs during blood donation. However, due to the limitation in the included studies, high-quality studies with perspectiveness, multicenter, large-sample size are further needed for validation in the future.

Comparison of the efficacy of three types of Kirschner wire tension bands for ulnar olecranal fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of three types of Kirschner wire tension band for olecranon fracture.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 64 patients with olecranon fracture treated by Kirschner wire tension band fixation from March 2016 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 19 patients were treated with intramedullary K-wires fixation(group A) including 8 males and 11 females with an average of (48.2±18.3) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠ, and 16 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;20 patients were treated with transcortical K-wires fixation (group B) including 13 males and 7 females with an average of (43.5±20.4) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠand 17 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;25 patients were treated with perforated Kirschner wire(group C) including 15 males and 10 females with an average of (55.2±17.5) years old, 4 patients were typeⅠand 21 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, times of Intraoperative fluoroscopy, fracture healing time and complications of 3 groups were compared. At the final follow-up, elbow function was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Function Scale.@*RESULTS@#There were differences in operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, postoperative VAS and soft tissue irritation among the three groups(P<0.05). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times in group A and C was better than that in group B. The postoperative VAS score, skin irritability in group C was better than that of group B. The difference was statistically significant on Mayo elbow function score at the final follow-up among three groups(P<0.05), the scores of group A and C were higher than that of group B.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with transcortical K-wires screw fixation, both intramedullary K-wires screw fixation and perforated Kirschner wire fixation, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of soft tissue irritation, reduce surgical complications and shorten the operation time.

Postoperative changes of anterior chamber depth and lens suspensory ligament in patients with ultra-high myopia and cataract and related influencing factors / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the changes of anterior chamber depth(ACD)and lens suspensory ligament after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in patients with ultra-high myopia cataract and related influencing factors.METHODS: A total of 45 patients(60 eyes)with ultra-high myopia and cataract in our hospital from October 2016 to December 2022 were selected. All patients received phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. The patients were randomly divided into implantation group and non-implantation group. Implantation group was combined with capsular tension ring(CTR)implantation, and non-implantation group did not implant CTR during operation. The changes of ACD and lens suspensory ligament length before and after operation were compared and the correlation was analyzed. To observe the differences of ACD and the length of lens suspensory ligament between the two groups before and after operation.RESULTS: The ACD of patients with ultra-high myopia complicated with cataract at 1 and 3mo after operation was higher than that before operation(all P&#x003C;0.05). The positions of 3:00, 6:00, 9:00, 12:00 and the average length of lens suspensory ligament at 1 and 3mo post-operation were shorter than those pre-operation(all P&#x003C;0.05). There was no significant difference in the positions of 3:00, 6:00, 9:00, 12:00 and average length of suspensory ligament between 1mo and 3mo after operation(all P&#x003E;0.05). The preoperative average length of lens suspensory ligament in patients with ultra-high myopia cataract was positively correlated with the ocular axis and the preoperative ACD(all P&#x003C;0.05). There was no significant difference in ACD between the implantation group and the non-implantation before and at 1 and 3mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of lens suspensory ligament between implantation group and non-implantation group at the position of 6:00 before operation and 1mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05), but there was difference in lens suspensory ligament between groups at 3mo after operation and the position of 6:00(P&#x003C;0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference at the positions of 3:00, 9:00, 12:00 and the average length of lens suspensory ligament between the implantation group and non-implantation group before and at 1 and 3mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: The ACD deepen and lens suspensory ligament shortened in patients with ultra-high myopia and cataract after phacoemulsification; the length of lens suspensory ligament was affected by the combined use of CTR.

Research progress of tibial-graft fixation methods on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To review the studies about the tibial-graft fixation methods on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, in order to provide clinical reference.@*METHODS@#The literature about the tibial-graft fixation methods on ACL reconstruction at home and abroad was extensively reviewed, and the factors that affect the selection of fixation methods were summarized.@*RESULTS@#The knee flexion angle, graft tension, and graft fixation device are mainly considered when the tibial-graft was fixed on ACL reconstruction. At present, the graft is mainly fixed at 0°/30° of knee flexion. The study shows that the knee joint is more stable after fixed at 30°, while the incidence of knee extension limitation decrease after fixed at 0°. In terms of graft tension, a good effectiveness can be obtained when the tension level is close to 90 N or the knee flexion is 30° to recover the affected knee over-restrained 2 mm relative to the healthy knee. In terms of the graft device, the interference screw is still the most commonly used method of tibial-graft fixation, with the development of all-inside ACL reconstruction in recent years, the cortical button fixation may become the mainstream.@*CONCLUSION@#Arthroscopic reconstruction is the main treatment of ACL rupture at present. However, there is no optimal fixation method for the tibial-graft, the advantages and disadvantages of each fixation methods need to be further studied.

Progress on the application of capsular tension ring in high myopia combined with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

In recent years, the incidence of high myopia complicated with cataract shows a gradual upward trend. Due to the special anatomical structure and lesion nature of high myopia, the difficulty and various complications of such patients are much higher than those of ordinary cataract surgery. With the continuous advancement of design and materials, the indications for capsular tension ring(CTR)have gradually expanded. Especially for patients with high myopia,it can maintain the stability of intraocular lens position, assist the relaxation of the suspensory ligament, inhibit the migration and proliferation of residual lens epithelial cells after surgery, improve the visual quality of patients and reduce the incidence of retinal detachment. This paper reviewed the history of CTR, its clinical application, and the effect of CTR on high myopia complicated with cataract.

Characteristics of paravertebral muscles in patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the imbalance of paravertebral muscle group for patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation. MethodsFrom January, 2022 to January, 2023, 30 patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation (observation group) and 30 healthy people matching in general data (control group) were measured the tension and stiffness of multifidus and erector spinae with MyotonPRO, while the observation group was assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and the time of disease was also recorded. ResultsThe mean of bilateral tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae was more in the observation group than in the control group (|t| > 5.407, P < 0.001), and the tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side were more than those of the unaffected side in the observation group (|t| > 11.219, P < 0.001). The tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side were positively correlated with VAS score (r > 0.942, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with JOA score (|r| > 0.886, P < 0.001). ConclusionThe tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side increase after unilateral lumbar disc herniation, resulting in asymmetry.

Effect of precise tension-reducing suturing of skin incisions using buried guiding suture needles / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the precise layered and tension-reducing sutures for skin pigmented mole surgery to promote tissue healing and reduce scar hyperplasia.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2021, the First Department of Surgery of the Civil Aviation General Hospital and Tenth Department of the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences treated 56 patients with skin pigmented moles aged 18-52 years, with an average age of 26 years, including 30 males and 26 females. All patients in this group underwent surgical resection of skin pigmented moles, which reached the subcutaneous fat layer. The dermis and subcutaneous tissue under the skin incision were precisely buried and guided suture by using the middle common hole equal-chord and equal-arc buried guide suture with scale marks on both ends of the needle tip.Results:The incision width of skin tissue defect in this group of patients was less than 30 mm. After the suturing was completed, the tension between the tissues on both sides of the incision and the close-fitting of each layer of tissue on both sides of the incision without dead space were realized immediately. 55 cases achieved primary incision healing. After two years of follow-up observation, there was no scar hyperplasia, and the effect was satisfactory. In only one case, local incision was red and swollen due to suture reaction, and a small amount of scar hyperplasia appeared later.Conclusions:This submerged guided suture method is an effective surgical technique for reducing skin incision scars, and it is more suitable for small incisions with a skin incision length of less than 10 mm, which is difficult to achieve layered suture of the deep tissue of the incision with ordinary suture needles.

Chinese evidence, practice guidelines and criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of primary headache / 中华神经科杂志

The migraine, tension-type headache and cluster headache are common primary headaches in clinic. The accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment are important to reduce the disability, chronification and medication overuse of primary headache. With the development of clinical research on primary headache, more and more evidence-based medical data provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, new research progresses have been made in the field of both medication and non-drug treatments of primary headache. Above all, Headache Group of Chinese Society of Neurology drafted the Chinese practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of migraine, tension-type headache and cluster headache. The purpose of these guidelines is to improve the understanding, management, standardized diagnosis and treatment of primary headaches.

Research progress concerning prevention and treatment of tension blisters after fracture / 中华创伤骨科杂志

This paper reviews the research progress concerning the prevention and treatment of tension blisters after fracture. There are 8 preventive measures to reduce the incidence of fracture tension blisters, such as correct identification of the high risk factors for fracture blister, immobilization and fixation, and elevation of the affected limb. There are 4 treatments: blister aspiration, deroofment, leaving the blister intact, and negative pressure wound therapy. This review is to provide useful reference for those who need construction of clinical protocls for prevention and treatment of fracture tension blisters.