Peritonitis terciaria como reto para los cuidados intensivos / Tertiary Peritonitis as a Challenge for Intensive Care

Introducción: Las infecciones intrabdominales son consideradas como una de las primeras causas de emergencias quirúrgicas a nivel mundial. El reconocimiento de la peritonitis terciaria como una nueva forma de sepsis de origen intrabdominal y disfunción- falla multiorgánica es creciente, pero no unánime. Objetivo: Realizar un análisis de la literatura sobre la peritonitis terciaria, su definición, elementos fisiopatológicos, factores de riesgo y terapéutica. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, LILACS, SciELO y Google académico. Se utilizaron palabras clave, términos DeCs y MESH, en el periodo de búsqueda 2010-2020 en idioma inglés y español, con el fin de proporcionar los conceptos, clasificaciones y manejo integral en el abordaje de la peritonitis terciaria. Los tipos de estudios seleccionados fueron guías, revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y estudios observacionales. Desarrollo: Se definió como una inflamación peritoneal que persistió o recurrió después de 48 horas, con signos clínicos de irritación peritoneal, tras un tratamiento aparentemente adecuado que siguió a una peritonitis secundaria y producida por patógenos nosocomiales. Es una entidad que tuvo una elevada mortalidad, que cuenta con elementos necesarios para su diagnóstico, con una flora bacteriana característica, generalmente microorganismos de baja virulencia unido a predisposición por paciente inmunocomprometido y los elementos claves para su tratamiento son la antibiótico terapia y un manejo quirúrgico adecuado. Conclusiones: A pesar de la gravedad extrema de esta entidad, existen ambigüedades en su definición, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Los estudios sobre el tema abordan definiciones muy heterogéneas y por tanto los resultados son muy variables(AU)

Introduction: Intraabdominal infections are considered one of the leading causes of surgical emergencies worldwide. Recognition of tertiary peritonitis as a new form of sepsis of intraabdominal origin and multi-organ dysfunction and/or failure is increasing, but not unanimous. Objective: To carry out an analysis of the literature about tertiary peritonitis, its definition, pathophysiological elements, risk factors, and therapy. Method: A search was carried out in the databases of Pubmed, LILACS, SciELO and Google Scholar. Keywords, as well as DeCs and MESH terms were used in the search period 2010-2020, in English and Spanish, in order to provide the concepts, classifications and the comprehensive management for tertiary peritonitis. The types of studies selected were guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies. Development: The condition was defined as a peritoneal inflammation that persisted or recurred after 48 hours, with clinical signs of peritoneal irritation, after apparently adequate treatment that followed secondary peritonitis caused by nosocomial pathogens. The entity had a high mortality, with necessary elements for its diagnosis: a characteristic bacterial flora, generally low virulence microorganisms and predisposition to affect immunocompromised patients. The key elements for its treatment are antibiotic therapy and suitable surgical management. Conclusions: Despite the extreme severity of this entity, there are ambiguities in its definition, diagnosis and managment. Studies on the subject address very heterogeneous definitions and, therefore, the outcomes are highly variable(AU)

Tertiary peritonitis treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and its APACHE Ⅲscoring / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features , treatment regimen , and prognosis evaluation of tertiary peritonitis (TP). Methods Seventy-eight cases with TP were randomly enrolled into 2 groups, including the simple western medicine-treated group (32 cases) and the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine-treated group (46 cases). The prognoses were evaluated according to the acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅢ (APACHEⅢ, APⅢ) scoring. Results The mortality rate was 71.9% (23 of 32) in patients received the simple western medicine and was 32.6%(15 of 46) in patients received the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine with significant difference between these two groups (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between AP Ⅲscore and actual mortality (r=0.73,P<0.01), and predicted mortality (r=0.76, P<0.01). Conclusions The therapeutic effect is acceptable and satisfactory for the TP patients received the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. The AP Ⅲ scoring system can be used to predict the prognosis of TP patients.

Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features ,diagnosis and treatment / 医学研究生学报

Tertiary peritonitis is manifested by immunodeficiency and serious diseases which is different with secondary and primary peritonitis. It is a complex nosocomial infection in surgical patients. The pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of tertiary peritonitis is reviewed.