ABSTRACT
A Ditadura Militar do Brasil foi instaurada em 1964 e se prolongou até 1985. É considerada um período de repressão, violação de direitos, torturas, mortes e desaparecimentos, deixando um rastro inacabado. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o processo de luto de familiares que têm seus parentes desaparecidos desde a Ditadura civil-militar. Este trabalho caracteriza-se como um estudo de campo transversal com abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistados sete participantes que tiveram seus familiares desaparecidos no período da ditadura civil-militar no Brasil. Os instrumentos de pesquisa foram um questionário sociodemográfico e um roteiro de entrevista semidirigida. Entre os resultados obtidos na pesquisa, pode-se observar que o processo do luto carece de um desfecho, visto que a falta da ritualização e a ausência do corpo inviabilizam sua elaboração. Também foi observado que o sofrimento dos familiares é realçado por práticas discursivas recorrentes que negam a existência e as truculências da ditadura civil-militar brasileira.
Brazilian military dictatorship was installed in 1964 and lasted until 1985. It was a period of repression, violation of rights, torture, death, and disappearances, its signals still present. The objective of this research was analyzing the bereavement process of people who lost their relatives in the military-civilian Dictatorship and still are unaware of their whereabouts. This work is characterized as a cross-sectional, qualitative field study. Seven participants whose relatives were made to disappear during the Brazilian military-civilian dictatorship were interviewed. The research instruments were a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview script. Among results obtained in the research, it was found that the bereavement process lacks closure, since the lack of ritualization and the absence of the body do not allow for its elaboration. Family suffering was highlighted by frequent discursive practices that deny the truculence of the Brazilian military-civilian dictatorship.
ABSTRACT
A relação da polícia militar com a sociedade tem se caracterizado por situações de frequente tensão. Nessas situações pode também ser encontrado um processo de desumanização do policial militar, o que não contribui para o estabelecimento de parcerias entre a polícia e a comunidade. A partir da observação de situações do cotidiano desses profissionais, este estudo objetivou identificar e analisar as condições concretas do cotidiano de trabalho que potencializam a (des)humanização. São descritas algumas condições e adversidades da atividade policial, reunindo-se a observação de cinco relatos de experiências pessoais, vividas por policiais militares do Paraná. Sob a ótica dos pressupostos da polícia comunitária, da educação e da psicologia social comunitária, pretende-se discutir o processo de naturalização nas relações entre sociedade e policiais militares e alguns impactos no dia a dia, condição resultante de diferentes interesses políticos e ideológicos. Ao se problematizar esses aspectos busca-se o encontro de possibilidades para relações mais justas e humanas entre a polícia e a comunidade.
The relationship of the military police with society has been characterized by reflecting a tension environment. In this conflict situation there is a process of dehumanization of the military police officer, which does not contribute to the establishment of partnerships between police and the community. From the observation of everyday situations these professionals, this study aims to identify and analyze the concrete conditions of the daily work that enhance the (un)humanization. Some conditions and adversities of police activity are described, gathering the observation of five reports of personal experiences lived by military police of Paraná. From the perspective of the assumptions of community policing, education and community social psychology, we intend to discuss the process of naturalization in relations between society and police-military and some impacts on the day-to-day, a condition resulting from different political and ideological interests. By problematizing these aspects, we seek to find opportunities for more just and humane relations between police and the community.
La relación de la policía militar con la sociedad se ha caracterizado por las tensiones reflejan un entorno. En esta situación de conflicto hay un proceso de deshumanización de la policía militar, que no contribuye a la creación de asociaciones entre la policía y la comunidad. De la observación de situaciones cotidianas de estos profesionales, este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar las condiciones concretas de la labor diaria que mejoran la (des) humanización. Describir algunas condiciones y la adversidad en la actividad policial, cumpliendo la observación de cinco informes de experiencias personales vividas por la policía militar de Paraná. Desde la perspectiva de los supuestos de la policía de comunidad, de la educación y la psicología socialcomunitaria, hay la propuesta de discutir el proceso de naturalización de las relaciones entre la policía militar y la sociedad y algunos impactos en el día a día, cuya interacción resulta de los intereses políticos e ideológicos que están en juego. Con esta problematización hay la búsqueda de posibilidades que puedan contribuir para la construcción de una vida y sociedad más justa.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effects of military stress on memory function in battlefield environment confined intensive training of peace-keeping soldiers.Methods 41 peace-keeping soldiers were chosen as the research objects.They were tested the memory function,respectively after they trained intensely in the domestic and in Sudan for five months.The memory function included verbal memory:WHO-UCLA auditory verbal learning test (immediate recall,the insert test,the short time delay memories,long delayed recall,long delayed recognition,visual memory) using the Rey Ostereitb Complex Figure (graphics copy and graphic delayed recall).Results The peace-keeping soldiers got lower scores in the insert tested(4.59±2.03) and graphics copy(35.85± 0.36) than in the domestic (4.85 ± 2.21,35.71 ± 0.46,P＞ 0.05),but there was no significant difference.They got lower scores in the immediate recall (41.68±9.87),the short time delay memories (9.27±2.77),long delayed recall (9.12±2.99),long delayed recognition (27.56± 1.70),and graphic delayed recall (16.90± 6.16) than those in the domestic(51.68±8.63,11.73±2.15,12.24± 1.96,29.00± 1.43,23.15±7.16,P＜0.01),and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion The peace-keeping soldiers battlefield environment stress has a certain effect on the soldiers' memory function.
ABSTRACT
In the field of military medicine,advanced military technologies are widely used.Meanwhile they demand changes and pose challenges to military medicine.In this paper,we discuss the characteristics of those technologies and their influences.Some thoughts are proposed to strengthen the military medical research.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate and analysis the situation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in military service officers of Jinan theater .Methods Roche Cycler480II fluorescence quantitative PCR analyzer was used to detected ACE genotype .Meanwhile ,some samples were randomly analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis .Results ACE DD genotype ac-counted for 23 .3% in the military service officers of Jinan theater cadres ,ID type accounted for 43 .2% ,II type accounted for 33 .5% ,D and I allele frequencies were 0 .44 and 0 .56 ,respectively ;type II ACE gene frequency was highest in female cadres ,while frequency of ID type was highest in male cadres ,the difference was statistically significant between two groups (P0 .05) .Conclusion ACE gene polymor-phism with type II and Iallele were dominant in the military service officers of Jinan theater cadres ;ACE gene polymorphism survey is important for early detection and timely prevention of certain related diseases .
ABSTRACT
Este texto se propõe a uma retomada da política educacional e das realizações da ditadura militar no Brasil, pondo em destaque aspectos que se fazem presentes, ainda hoje, na educação brasileira. Eis os pontos destacados: vinculação da educação pública aos interesses e necessidades do mercado, que se efetivou na reforma universitária e especialmente no intento de implantação universal e compulsória do ensino profissionalizante; favorecimento à privatização do ensino, que ocorreu principalmente mediante as autorizações e reconhecimentos do Conselho Federal de Educação; estrutura de ensino decorrente da implantação de mecanismos organizacionais que se encontram em plena vigência; um modelo bem sucedido de pós-graduação implantado a partir da estrutura organizacional americana e da experiência universitária européia.
This paper reviews the Brazilian military dictatorship's educational policies and accomplishments. It particularly stresses aspects that are still present in the current Brazilian education. Those include: the link between public education and market interests and needs, brought forth by the University reform, especially the compulsory and universal implementation of professionalizing teaching; the favoritism of private teaching, which mainly took place through authorizations and accreditations granted by the Conselho Federal de Educação (Federal Education Council); the teaching structure resulting from the implementation of organizational mechanisms that is still fully in force; a successful post-graduation model established following the American organizational structure and the European university experience.
Subject(s)
Public Policy , Authoritarianism , Education , Educational MeasurementABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to provide basic reference materials for improving the quality of the military foodservice so that they can satisfy the customers needs. The questionnaires employed in this study were developed based on the IPA(Importance Performance Analysis). The questionnaires for the military customers(Group A which is the smaller size then Group B which is larger in size ; a criteria for the classification is the number of soldiers served in the foodservice facilities) consist of demographic variables, concerns about the military foodservice, and service practices. A total of 656 military customers answered the questionnaires. A statistical data analysis was conducted using the SPSS/win package program for descriptive analysis, a chi2-test and t-test. The results of this study could be summarized as follows : The IPA in case of Group A showed the following attributes in Quadrant A("focus here") : (1) availability of the meals that the customers prefer, (4) taste of the food, (16) cooking methods that the customers prefer, (17) the overall quality of the breakfast. The IPA in case of Group B showed the following attributes in Quadrant A("focus here") : (11) cleanliness, (12) kindness of the foodservice personnel, (15) the overall quality of the service, (17) the overall quality of the breakfast. The opinion of the Group A on the improvement of military foodservice was significantly different from that of Group B in the areas of meals/service improvement, problems in military foodservice, improvement in service methods, etc.(p<0.05).
Subject(s)
Humans , Breakfast , Classification , Cooking , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Meals , Military Personnel , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to provide basic reference materials for improving the quality of the military foodservice so that they can satisfy the customers needs. The questionnaires employed in this study were developed based on the IPA(Importance Performance Analysis). The questionnaires for the military customers(Group A which is the smaller size then Group B which is larger in size ; a criteria for the classification is the number of soldiers served in the foodservice facilities) consist of demographic variables, concerns about the military foodservice, and service practices. A total of 656 military customers answered the questionnaires. A statistical data analysis was conducted using the SPSS/win package program for descriptive analysis, a chi2-test and t-test. The results of this study could be summarized as follows : The IPA in case of Group A showed the following attributes in Quadrant A("focus here") : (1) availability of the meals that the customers prefer, (4) taste of the food, (16) cooking methods that the customers prefer, (17) the overall quality of the breakfast. The IPA in case of Group B showed the following attributes in Quadrant A("focus here") : (11) cleanliness, (12) kindness of the foodservice personnel, (15) the overall quality of the service, (17) the overall quality of the breakfast. The opinion of the Group A on the improvement of military foodservice was significantly different from that of Group B in the areas of meals/service improvement, problems in military foodservice, improvement in service methods, etc.(p<0.05).