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1.
Investig. psicol ; 24(1): 87-95, jun. 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1371717

ABSTRACT

El compromiso o involucramiento de los estudiantes en actividades académicas es comúnmente investigado bajo en nombre de engagement. La relevancia que el engagement tiene en el ámbito académico se debe fundamentalmente a la relación que mantiene con otras variables, tales como motivación, aprendizaje, rendimiento académico, permanencia en el sistema, satisfacción y el bienestar académico, entre otras. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una revisión exhaustiva del engagement académico abordando las definiciones, modelos e instrumentos más difundidos en la actualidad. Se emplearon fuentes de información primaria y secundaria, obtenidas a partir de una búsqueda bibliográfica del término engagement en español, inglés y portugués, en distintas bases de datos de uso académico frecuente. Los resultados obtenidos permiten dar cuenta de la coexistencia de distintos abordajes sobre el engagement, repercutiendo en el desarrollo de modelos según cuáles sean las distintas dimensiones teorizadas del constructo y sus instrumentos de evaluación


The commitment or involvement of students in academic activities is commonly investigated by the name of engagement. The relevance that engagement has in the academic field is mainly due to the relationship it maintains with other variables, such as motivation, learning, academic performance, permanence in the system, satisfaction and academic well-being, among others. The objective of this article is to present a comprehensive review of academic engagement addressing its definitions, models and instruments most widespread today. Primary and secondary information sources were used, obtained from a bibliographic search of the term engagement in Spanish, English and Portuguese, in different databases of frequent academic use. The results obtained account for the coexistence of different approaches to engagement, having an impact on the development of models according to the different theorized dimensions of the construct and its evaluation instruments


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Young Adult , Education , Educational Measurement , Academic Performance
2.
Ter. psicol ; 33(3): 257-276, Dec. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-772376

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio es hacer una revisión teórica entre los años 2000 y 2011 sobre la resiliencia en adultos. Se trata de un estudio teórico. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Scopus, PsycInfo, Psicodoc, Web of Science y Dialnet y en los sumarios ISOC (Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades). En total, se localizaron 412 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Se concluye que en los estudios publicados entre los años 2000 y 2011 sobre resiliencia en personas adultas prevalecen las publicaciones con diseño transversal, en lengua inglesa, de tipo cuantitativo, con muestras estadounidenses y relacionando la resiliencia con los trastornos psicopatológicos. Se hace énfasis en la necesidad de incluir la resiliencia en programas educativos en salud, para mejorar las formas de afrontamiento en el contexto del riesgo y la adversidad.


The objective of this study is to make a theoretical review on resilience in adults between the year 2000 and 2011. A search of papers published in the databases Scopus, PsycInfo, Psicodoc, Web of Science and summaries Dialnet and ISOC (Social Sciences and Humanities) was performed. In total, 418 items were found that met the inclusion criteria. We conclude that in the studies published between 200 and 2011 on resilience in adults prevail cross-sectional studies, published in English, quantitative, and using samples from USA. Resilience is related psychological disorders. It is emphasized the need to include resilience in health education programs to improve ways of coping in the context of risk and adversity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Adult/psychology , Resilience, Psychological
3.
Psicol. clín ; 22(1): 15-38, jun. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557271

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão de estudos teóricos e clínicos acerca da maternidade no contexto de malformação do bebê. Inicialmente se discute o impacto do diagnóstico no psiquismo materno e na relação mãe-bebê e, num segundo momento, as intervenções psicológicas utilizadas nestas situações. Inquestionavelmente, o diagnóstico de malformação no bebê se revela como sendo uma experiência psíquica bastante complexa e difícil para a mãe, implicando em prejuízos psíquicos para ela e, consequentemente, para a relação mãe-bebê. Ademais, percebe-se que a representação mental que a mãe constrói acerca do bebê pode assumir um papel limitador ou potencializador do desenvolvimento psíquico do bebê. Os estudos destacam o quanto a representação psíquica materna merece ser examinada neste contexto de malformação, visando eventuais intervenções clínicas. A psicoterapia breve pais-bebê tem se mostrado uma técnica eficiente para acessar estas representações e redimensioná-las a favor de um crescimento psíquico mais saudável, tanto da mãe como do bebê. Assim, é importante que a malformação não seja tratada somente nos seus aspectos físicos e funcionais, mas também na sua dimensão psíquica.


This study presents a theoretical and clinical review concerning motherhood in the context of infant malformation. Initially, the impact of the diagnosis on the mother's psyche and on the mother-infant relationship is discussed, as well as psychological interventions geared toward them. Infant malformation diagnosis reveals itself as a quite complex and difficult psychic experience, implying psychic damages for the mother and, consequently, for the mother-infant relationship. Besides, the mother's mental representation concerning the baby can either facilitate or distort the infant's psychic development. Studies highlight the importance of examining maternal psychic representation in the context of malformation for eventual clinical interventions. Brief parent-infant psychotherapy has shown to be an efficient technique to access these representations in favor of a healthier psychic development for both mother and infant. Therefore, it is important that malformation is not only treated in its physical and functional aspects, but also in its psychic dimension.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Congenital Abnormalities/psychology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/psychology , Infant, Newborn/psychology
4.
Rev. latinoam. psicol ; 42(1): 25-39, ene.-abr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637052

ABSTRACT

En este artículo, el objetivo es presentar una revisión de los elementos principales de este modelo teórico. Para ello, se comenzará con un recorrido histórico sobre el avance de esta propuesta. Se señalarán los aspectos, estudios y modelos previos en que se basaron Hersey y Blanchard para conformar la TLS, y se mostrarán sus puntos fuertes y débiles. Entre esas fortalezas y también debilidades, se puede incluir la integración de elementos procedentes de otros autores y de otras disciplinas. En seguida se presentarán los supuestos que sustentan la teoría, y se señalarán las principales críticas en el plano de la lógica o de la congruencia del modelo. Por último, se describirán los tres instrumentos de medida vinculados con esta teoría. En otro lugar (en preparación), se revisarán los puntos fuertes y débiles de la TLS en el plano empírico, así como la calidad de los instrumentos vinculados con ella.


In this paper, our aim is to present a review of the main elements of this theoretical model. Thus, we will start with a historical revision on the advance of this proposal. We will point at the previous aspects, studies and models in which Hersey and Blanchard put their basis to conform SLT and strengths and weaknesses will be addressed. Among those strong -and weak- points, that integration of elements coming from other authors and areas can be included. In addition, we will address the assumptions which uphold the theory and we will point out the main criticisms on the logic or the congruence of the model. As an end, we will describe the three instruments linked to this theory. In another place (in preparation), empirical strengths and weaknesses of the SLT will be revised as well as the quality of the instruments linked to it.

5.
Acta colomb. psicol ; 10(2): 59-70, dic. 2007.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635176

ABSTRACT

Se revisa la relación entre transferencia del aprendizaje y solución de problemas, y la forma en que los avances teóricos, metodológicos y prácticos desarrollados desde un modelo cognoscitivo, guardan semejanzas con los avances correspondientes desde una aproximación conductual. Se resalta el camino paralelo seguido por ambos modelos en el razonamiento analógico, en el aprendizaje lingüístico, y en sus propuestas para la intervención. Se sugiere mayor vinculación entre estos modelos aparentemente opuestos para que los puntos de contacto se conviertan en áreas de aplicación conjunta.


The relation between transfer of learning and problem solving is reviewed, as well as the way in which the theoretical, methodological and practical advances developed from a cognitive approach shows a resemblance with the corresponding progress from a behavioral perspective. The parallel path followed by the two approaches in analogical reasoning, linguistic learning and intervention proposals is highlighted. Reearchers are advised to establish a link between these two approaches and find convergent points that can be translated into areas of application for problem-solving behavior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Problem Solving , Review , Learning
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