Electrical, Echocardiographic and Coronary Artery Characteristics of Right Ventricular Infarction: Experience of the Cardiology Department of the CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Right ventricular (RV) infarction is often difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis due to rhythmic and hemodynamic complications. Objective: The study of electrical, ultrasonographic, and coronarographic features of the VD Infarction. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of patients hospitalized in the Cardiology Department of the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech over a period of 24 months for MDI extended to the RV. Results: 120 patients were hospitalized during this period for MI with extension to the VD. Atypical clinical presentation was noted in 10% of cases. Clinical examination on admission revealed signs of right heart failure in 18% of cases, including 6% complicated by cardiogenic shock. Thrombolysis was performed in 10% of the patients, 67% of them successfully. The ECG found an isolated extension to the V3R leads in 76% of the cases and in association with a V4R overshoot in 45% of the cases, conduction disorders were noted in 28% of the cases, presented essentially by first degree auriculoventricular block. Echocardiography showed impaired LV function in 82% of cases, and longitudinal systolic dysfunction of the LV in 65%. Coronary angiography was performed in 91% of the cases, half of which underwent coronary angioplasty. The combination of both CD and IVA damage was found in 40% of the cases, and damage to the middle DC was the most common in almost half of the cases. The most frequent complications were rhythmic and conductive disorders in 38% of cases, and the evolution was fatal in 8% of cases. Conclusion: Involvement of the RV during MI is characterized by a very critical initial phase, once overcome, the overall prognosis becomes favorable in the long term.

Failure of Therapeutic Management in RBBB Myocardial Infarction Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonitis Admitted at Emergency Department of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital a Case Series

Background:SARS-Cov-2(covid-19) infection is associated with Systemic Hyercoagulability and Thrombo-Embolic Complications. Anticoagulants play a key role in their management. Despite anticoagulants we have observed five case of RBBB MI in our ICU which co-relates with the thrombotic complication. And hence,Efficacy of the anticoagulants is debatable and requires meticulous APTT monitoring. Efficacy of thrombolysis is also not clear. A current guideline gives more emphasis on PCI over thrombolysis in RBBB MI patients. BUT unfortunate turn of events into catastrophe happened in these cases due to non-feasibility of cathlab interventions in covid-19 pandemic scenario. Material and Methods:This is A case series of five patients that were COVID-19 positive admitted to the ICU and Developed RBBB MI during their ICU stay despite on anticoagulant therapy. Data was collected retrospectively from hospital indoor records. Positive case of COVID-19 was confirmed by RT-PCR assay of nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab specimen. Conclusion:Development of RBBB MI in covid-19 patients on anticoagulants co-relates with the thrombotic complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection and failure of the therapeutic management. PCI can be considered as a gold standard intervention compared to thrombolysis. BUT unfortunate turn of events into catastrophe happened in these cases due to non-feasibility of cathlab interventions in covid-19 pandemic scenario.

Facteurs de risque et prise en charge de la rupture utérine dans une structure de 1ere référence du Mali: cas du district sanitaire de Bougouni / Risk factors and management of uterine rupture in a 1st reference structure in Mali: case of the Bougouni health district

L'objectif était d'évaluer les facteurs de risque de la RU et de proposer les aspects thérapeutiques. Matériels et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé une étude cas-témoins au centre de santé de Référence de Bougouni en 2019. Résultats : De janvier au 31 décembre 2019; sur 1161 accouchements 43 RU ont été enregistrées soit 3,7% correspondant à une RU pour 27 accouchements. Les patientes de 35 ans et plus ont été plus touchée par la RU (44,2%) avec ORaIC95%= 6,3 [1,5 - 26,3]. Les évacuations obstétricales avaient un ORaIC95%=25,6 [7,8- 83,7]. La totalité des patientes étaient des femmes au foyer (97,7%) des cas versus (82,3%) des témoins avec ORaIC95%= 8,9 (1,1-69). Les Paucipares et multipares avaient respectivement un ORaIC95%= 6,2 [1,8 - 20,3] et 4,1[1,3 - 12,9]. La cicatrice utérine (20,9%) des cas contre 8,1 % les témoins avait un ORaIC95%= 2,9 [1,1 - 8,7]. En effet l'absence de CPN étaient un facteur de risque, ORaIC95%= 3,0 [1,3 ­ 6,9]. Le délai de la RU était ˂ 6 heures chez 95%. En effet 34 RU complètes (79,1%) et 9 RU incomplètes (20,9%) ont été notées. Seulement 2,3 % des cas avaient accouché par voie basse. Le traitement de la RU reposait sur la chirurgie (100%) complétée par celui du choc (51,2%) des cas et de l'infection (100%) des cas. Conclusion: La RU est fréquente dans nos pays sous médicalisés. Sa prévention efficace passe par des stratégies visant à agir sur les facteurs de risque

The objective was to assess the risk factors for and to suggest therapeutic aspects. Materials and methods: We carried out a case-control study at the Bougouni Reference health center in 2019. Results: From January to December 31, 2019; out of 1161 deliveries, 43 uterine rupture were recorded, 3.7% corresponding to one uterine rupture for 27 deliveries. Patients 35 years and older were more affected by uterine rupture (44.2%) with ORaIC95% = 6.3 [1.5 - 26.3]. Obstetric evacuations had an ORaIC95% = 25.6 [7.8-83.7]. All of the patients were housewives (97.7%) versus (82.3%) controls with ORaIC95% = 8.9 (1.1-69). Pauciparous and multiparous had an ORaIC95% = 6.2 [1.8 - 20.3] and 4.1 [1.3 - 12.9], respectively. The uterine scar (20.9%) of cases versus 8.1% of controls had a 95% ORaIC95% = 2.9 [1.1 - 8.7]. Indeed the absence of ANC was a risk factor, ORaIC95% = 3.0 [1.3 - 6.9]. The time to uterine rupture was ˂ 6 hours in 95%. In fact 34 complete uterine rupture (79.1%) and 9 incomplete uterine rupture (20.9) were noted. Only 2.3% of cases gave birth vaginally. Treatment of uterine rupture was based on surgery (100%) supplemented by shock (51.2%) of cases and infection (100%) of cases. Conclusion: Uterine rupture is common in our countries under medical care. Its effective prevention involves strategies aimed at acting on risk factors.

Therapeutic Management of Prolonged Postpartum Anoestrus in a Crossbred Jersey Cattle without Hormonal Intervention: A Case Report

The present case study discuss about the therapeutic management of prolonged postpartum anoestrus in a crossbred Jersey cattle without any hormonal intervention. A three and half years old cattle having approximate 250 kg body weight was presented to an animal health camp held on Burdhaman district in West Bengal state (India) with a history of postpartum anoestrus. According to the cattle owner the animal hasn’t shown any symptoms of estrus cycle even after five months of first calving. On per-rectal examination the animal failed to reveal distinctly palpable corpus luteum in the ovaries with apparently normal uterus. In this case, at first the cattle was dewormed then managed with supportive therapy by giving vitamins and minerals supplements. For better result ovarian massage was given also. The owner informed that animal came to heat after one month of treatment and now the animal is three months pregnant after conceiving through artificial insemination

Patogenia de la artritis reumatoide, manejo terapéutico actual y perspectivas futuras / Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, current therapeutic management and future prospects

La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad autoinmune, sistémica, crónica, que afecta con más frecuencia a mujeres que a hombres, y se observa predominantemente en ancianos. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar el resultado de una revisión bibliográfica sobre aspectos generales relacionados con la patogenia de la artritis reumatoide y el manejo terapéutico actual, así como perspectivas futuras de nuevos enfoques terapéuticos. Existen dos subtipos principales de artritis reumatoide según la presencia o ausencia de anticuerpos antiproteína citrulinada. La citrulinación es catalizada por la enzima peptidilarginina-deiminasa dependiente de calcio, que cambia una arginina cargada positivamente a una citrulina polar, pero neutra como resultado de una modificación postraduccional. Este estudio se enfoca en el subconjunto de artritis reumatoide positivo para anticuerpos antiproteína citrulinada y se divide la progresión del proceso de artritis reumatoide en varias etapas. Cabe mencionar que estas etapas pueden ocurrir de forma secuencial o simultánea. Se requiere con urgencia una mejor comprensión de cómo los mecanismos patológicos impulsan el deterioro del progreso de la artritis reumatoide en los individuos con el fin de desarrollar terapias que tratarán eficazmente a los pacientes en cada etapa del progreso de la enfermedad(AU)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that arises more frequently in women than in men, and is predominantly observed in the elderly. To present the result of a bibliographic review on general aspects related to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and current therapeutic management, as well as future perspectives of new therapeutic approaches. There are two main subtypes of rheumatoid arthritis according to the presence or absence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. Citrullination is catalyzed by the calcium-dependent enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase, which changes a positively charged arginine to a polar but neutral citrulline as a result of post-translational modification. This work focuses on the anti-citrullinated protein antibodies -positive rheumatoid arthritis subset and divides the progression of the rheumatoid arthritis process into several stages. It should be mentioned that these stages can occur sequentially or simultaneously. A better understanding of how pathological mechanisms drive the deterioration of rheumatoid arthritis progression in individuals is urgently required in order to develop therapies that will effectively treat patients at each stage of disease progression(AU)

Mecanismos fisiopatológicos, neurohormonales y objetivos terapéuticos en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda / Physiopathological, neurohormonal and therapeutic targets in acute heart failure

La insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) se define como la aparición rápida o el empeoramiento de los síntomas o signos de IC. Es una entidad potencialmente mortal que requiere evaluación y tratamiento urgentes y típicamente conlleva la hospitalización urgente. La descompensación de la insuficiencia cardiaca crónica puede ocurrir sin que existan factores desencadenantes conocidos. Se produce una disfunción endotelial que puede deberse a un desequilibrio en el medio neuro-hormonal, inflamatorio, y oxidativo en la circulación y en las células endoteliales. Se produce clínicamente hipoperfusión miocárdica, reducción del flujo coronario, disfunción isquémica, aumento de la rigidez vascular y deterioro de la distensibilidad arterial que agravan en mayor medida la lesión miocárdica. La evaluación inicial y la monitorización no invasiva continua de las funciones vitales cardiorrespiratorias son esenciales. Los diuréticos son la piedra angular del tratamiento de los pacientes con ICA y signos de sobrecarga de fluidos y congestión. La terapia de reemplazo renal se debe reservar para pacientes que no responden al tratamiento con diuréticos. Los vasodilatadores intravenosos son los segundos fármacos más utilizados en la ICA para el alivio de los síntomas; sin embargo, no existen pruebas definitivas que confirmen su efecto beneficioso. El uso de inotrópicos debería estar reservado a los pacientes con disfunción sistólica que afecta a la perfusión de órganos vitales. Los dispositivos de asistencia ventricular y otras formas de asistencia mecánica circulatoria pueden emplearse como tratamiento puente en pacientes seleccionados(AU)

Acute heart failure (AHF) is defined as the rapid onset or worsening of the symptoms or signs of heart failure. It is a potentially fatal entity that requires urgent evaluation and treatment and typically involves urgent hospitalization. Decompensation of chronic heart failure can occur without known triggers. An endothelial dysfunction occurs that may be due to an imbalance in the neuro-hormonal, inflammatory, and oxidative environment in the circulation and in the endothelial cells. Myocardial hypoperfusion is clinically produced, coronary flow reduction, ischemic dysfunction, increased vascular rigidity and deterioration of arterial compliance that aggravate myocardial injury to a greater extent. Initial evaluation and continuous non-invasive monitoring of vital cardiorespiratory functions are essential. Diuretics are the cornerstone of the treatment of patients with AHF and signs of fluid overload and congestion. Renal replacement therapy should be reserved for patients who do not respond to treatment with diuretics. Intravenous vasodilators are the second most used drugs in the AHF for the relief of symptoms; however, there is no definitive evidence to confirm its beneficial effect. The use of inotropics should be reserved for patients with systolic dysfunction that affects the perfusion of vital organs. Ventricular assist devices and other forms of mechanical circulatory assistance can be used as a bridge treatment in selected patients(AU)

Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant Japanese women with inflammatory bowel disease: our experience with a series of 23 cases

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Our physicians work to expand the possibilities to treat female patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who wish to become pregnant. Although many drugs, including 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA), corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, are used safely during pregnancy, few reports have described the therapeutic regimen throughout pregnancy and the management of patients who relapse during pregnancy precisely. The aim of this study was to assess the management of patients with IBD during pregnancy. METHODS: We identified 19 patients (five with Crohn's disease and 14 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) who became pregnant with a total of 23 pregnancies between May 2005 and May 2015 by reviewing the medical records of Kyoto University Hospital. The following data were collected: the maternal variables, the IBD treatment type, the disease activity, the pregnancy outcome, and the mode of delivery. RESULTS: Among the 19 patients, 18 had become pregnant after being diagnosed with IBD, while one had developed UC newly after pregnancy. Throughout the gestation, all patients were treated with probiotics, 5-ASA, prednisolone, cytapheresis, or infliximab. The relapse rate during pregnancy was 21.7% (5/23 cases). The five patients who experienced a relapse were able to pursue their pregnancy after intensification of their treatments. There were no adverse fetal or neonatal problems, except in one case that required an emergency Caesarean section because of placental dysfunction and in which a very low-birth-weight infant was born preterm. CONCLUSIONS: Our present data confirmed that even if the disease flares up during pregnancy, good pregnancy outcomes can be achieved with an optimal intensification of the patient's treatment.

Bruxismo de sueño en niños y adolescentes / Sleep bruxism in children and adolescents

El bruxismo es una actividad muscular mandibular repetitiva, caracterizada por apriete y rechinamiento dentario. Se considera un fenómeno regulado por el sistema nervioso central, principalmente, e influido por factores periféricos. Tiene 2 manifestaciones circadianas distintas: puede ocurrir durante el sueño -indicado como bruxismo de sueño- o durante la vigilia -indicado como bruxismo despierto-. El bruxismo es mucho más que solo el desgaste que podemos observar en los dientes: de hecho, se asocia con dolor orofacial, cefaleas, trastornos del sueño, trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño como el síndrome de apnea e hipoapnea del sueño, trastornos del comportamiento o asociados al uso de fármacos. Además, se ve influido por factores psicosociales y posturales, lo que indica que parafunciones oromandibulares, los trastornos temporomandibulares, la maloclusión, los altos niveles de ansiedad y de estrés, entre otros, podrían influir en la ocurrencia de bruxismo. Su etiología es considerada hoy como multifactorial. Su detección temprana, diagnóstico, tratamiento y la prevención de sus posibles consecuencias en los pacientes es responsabilidad del pediatra y del odontólogo. El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar los conceptos sobre esta patología y alertar a los profesionales de la salud sobre su detección precoz y su manejo oportuno.

Bruxism is a rhythmic masticatory muscle activity, characterized by teeth grinding and clenching. This is a phenomenon mainly regulated by the central nervous system and peripherally influenced. It has two circadian manifestations, during sleep (sleep bruxism) and awake states (awake bruxism). Bruxism is much more than just tooth wearing. It is currently linked to orofacial pain; headaches; sleep disorders; sleep breathing disorders, such as apnea and hypopnea sleep syndrome; behavior disorders, or those associated with the use of medications. It is also influenced by psycho-social and behavior factors, which means that oromandibular parafunctional activities, temporomandibular disorders, malocclusion, high levels of anxiety and stress, among others, may precipitate the occurrence of bruxism. Nowadays, its etiology is multifactorial. The dentist and the pediatrician are responsible for its early detection, diagnosis, management, and prevention of its possible consequences on the patients. The aim of this review is to update the concepts of this disease and to make health professionals aware of its early detection and its timely management.

Benign Multicystic Omental Mesothelioma in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Benign Multicystic Peritoneal Mesothelioma (BMPM) is a very rare condition of unknown pathogenesis, that occurs mainly in women in their reproductive age (5:1 female/male ratio). The pathogenesis of BMPM is unclear and doubts regarding its neoplastic and reactive nature exist. Furthermore, the differential diagnosis with other diseases remains uncertain. In most cases the diagnosis is accidental, during a laparotomy performed for other reasons, since the diagnostic imaging does not allow a definite diagnosis preoperatively. Radical surgical resection is the “gold standard” for treatment of BMPM, despite a high rate of recurrence (about 50%). We report on a case of a 30-year-old pregnant woman with multilocular omental cystic mass, 36 x 22 cm in size, underwent elective caesarean section at term of pregnancy. The definitive histologic diagnosis was benign multicystic mesothelioma of the omentum. BMPM detected in pregnancy or during cesarean delivery is very rare; in fact only three other cases have been reported. Particularly, we present the only case, described in the literature, of a young female with benign multicystic omental mesothelioma in pregnancy that was treated solely by surgery, without recurrence after three years follow-up. In this article we also describe diagnostic evaluation, treatment, prognosis of this rare disease as the possible positive effects of adjuvants medical treatments.

Vulvovaginite em crianças e adolescentes: relevância do diagnóstico clínico / Vulvovaginitis in children and teens: relevance of clinical diagnosis

Corrimento vaginal é a queixa mais frequente em Ginecologia, em toda e qualquer idade. A atenção em ginecologia infanto puberal apresenta características específicas que a diferenciam do atendimento ginecológico a mulheres de outras faixas etárias. A busca pelo médico, nas crianças e adolescentes, em geral é acompanhada de preocupação de pais e responsáveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a relevância do diagnóstico clínico frente a queixas sugestivas de vulvovaginite em crianças e adolescentes. Identificar sintomas, diagnósticos, terapêuticas e desfechos em crianças e adolescentes atendidas em um hospital universitário. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de análise de prontuários de crianças e adolescentes até 15 anos de idade, atendidas no Ambulatório de Ginecologia Infanto Puberal do HUAP de 01/01/2002 a 31/12/2012. Foram estudadas as seguintes variáveis: município de origem das pacientes, forma como foram encaminhadas, idade, status com ou sem menarca, queixas, tempo das queixas, presença de comorbidades, diagnóstico, tratamentos efetuados e desfecho. Foi utilizado teste não paramétrico para verificação das hipóteses estabelecidas para as variáveis contínuas. Resultados: Do universo de 203 pacientes incluídas no estudo, 46 apresentavam cuidados de higiene deficientes; 76, hábitos de vestuário inadequado; 67, ambos; 11 pacientes tiveram o diagnóstico de candidíase; 1 era portadora de coalescência de pequenos lábios e apenas 2 apresentavam, de fato, vulvovaginite. Conclusão: É alta a relevância do adequado diagnóstico, frente a queixas sugestivas de vulvovaginite, já que a quase totalidade do grupo em estudo não apresentou qualquer tipo de doença.

Vaginal discharge is the most frequent complaint in Gynecology at any age. Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology has specific features that differentiate it from gynecological care of women from other age groups. The search for a doctor, for children and adolescents, is generally accompaniedby concern of parents and guardians. Objective: To evaluate the relevance of the clinical diagnosis face to the complaints suggestive of vulvovaginitisin children and adolescents. To identify symptoms, diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes in the study population. Subjects and Methods: Children andadolescents up to the of age of 15 years were selected for this retrospective study. They were looked after at the Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Ambulatory of the Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro from 01/01/2002 to 31/12/2012. The following variables were studied: the city of origin of the patients, the way they were routed, age, status with or without menarche, complaints, while complaints, co morbidities, diagnosis, treatments performed,and outcome. Nonparametric test was used to verify the hypotheses established for the continuous variables. Results: From the pool of 203 patientsincluded in the study, 46 had lack of hygiene care; 76, inappropriate clothing habits; 67, both; 11 patients were diagnosed with candidiasis; one was a carrierof the coalescence of the labia minora, and only two showed, vulvovaginitis. Conclusions: The relevance of the clinical diagnosis was proved, face to the complaints suggestive of vulvovaginitis, as 93.1 % of the study group did not show any kind of pathology.

Acompanhamento terapêutico e ação interdisciplinar na atenção psicossocial / Therapeutic management (ta) and interdisciplinary action in psychosocial support

O Acompanhamento Terapêutico (AT) vem se constituindo em um novo dispositivo clínico que percorre os espaços comunitários possíveis, como forma de atenção psicossocial. Será discutida a relação entre a ação clínica do AT e a interdisciplinaridade em saúde, imiscuída ao campo da atenção psicossocial. O objetivo é cooperar no processo de proposições de novas práticas que tenham em vista o sujeito atendido em saúde mental, valorizada a produção de sentido das ações desenvolvidas no AT em favor das demandas subjetivas. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa, em que quatro (4) sujeitos foram acompanhados em estudos de casos clínicos, por um período aproximado de um ano. Considera-se que favorecer a inclusão e a reabilitação dos acompanhados no AT é compreendê-los como sujeitos do próprio tratamento, reconhecendo a totalidade desafiante da natureza humana implicada nesse contexto, em que a reflexão sobre cada caso solicita a ampliação do campo de saber das várias especialidades profissionais envolvidas.

Therapeutic accompaniment (TA) has become a new clinical device that goes through potential community spaces as a means of psychosocial support. This paper addresses the relation between clinical action of TA and interdisciplinarity in health services, linked with psychosocial support initiatives. The purpose of this paper is to provide suggestions regarding the proposition of new practices targeting mental health patients, by appraising production of meaning of initiatives carried out in TA in favor of subjective demands. This paper adopts a qualitative approach, in which four (4) subjects were supervised on clinical case surveys during one year, approximately. It is believed that, by promoting inclusion and rehabilitation, TA patients can be understood as subjects of the treatment itself, thus acknowledging the challenging entirety of human nature implied, in which the reflection upon each case asks for expanding the realm of knowledge of the many professional specialties involved.