ABSTRACT
O atendimento em pediatria tem características particulares daquele realizado em outras faixas etárias. Esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo apresentar publicações e fazer uma análise crítica acerca do uso de brinquedos terapêuticos durante sessões de fisioterapia em pneumopediatria, recursos inseridos no atendimento como estratégia para motivar e ensinar as crianças. Pesquisaram-se as bases PubMed, Medline, SciELO, Lilacs e Science Direct, a partir dos descritores: terapia respiratória, pediatria e jogos e brinquedos. De um total de 73, foram selecionados 36 trabalhos na íntegra, publicados entre 1969-2009. Literatura específica sobre o tema, na área da fisioterapia respiratória pediátrica, é ainda escassa. A maioria do material elencado é referente ao uso do brinquedo como símbolo cultural, social, pedagógico e até filosófico. Esses estudos não discutem ou evidenciam os princípios fisiopatológicos que fundamentam seu uso durante as sessões de fisioterapia, apesar do notório reconhecimento quanto à sua importância como recurso fisioterapêutico coadjuvante.
This integrative review aims to provide publications concerning about the use of therapeutic play during sessions of physical therapy in children with respiratory disorders. This kind of intervention such funds placed in care as a strategy to motivate and teach children. The revision was carried out in the databases PubMed, Medline, SciELO, Lilacs, Science Direct, using the descriptors: respiratory therapy, pediatrics and play and playthings. From a total of 73 publications, 36 works were selected in full, developed and published between 1969-2009. Specific literature in the field of respiratory therapy in childhood diseases is still scarce and most of the material part listed regarding the use of toys as a symbol of the cultural, social, educational and even philosophical. These studies do not discuss the pathophysiological principles underlying their use during physical therapy sessions, despite the apparent recognition of its importance as adjuvant.
Esta revisión de integración tiene como objetivo proporcionar publicaciones y hacer un análisis crítico del uso de juguetes durante las sesiones terapéuticas de la fisioterapia en neumología, esos fondos colocados en la atención como una estrategia para motivar y enseñar a los niños. La revisión fue realizada en PubMed, Medline, SciELO, Lilacs, Science Direct, del DeCS: terapia respiratoria, pediatría y juguetes y juegos. De un total de 73 trabajos, 36 fueron seleccionas en su totalidad, desarrollados y publicados entre 1969-2009. Literatura específica en el campo de la terapia respiratoria en enfermedades de la infancia es aún escasa y la mayoría de la parte material que figuran en el uso de juguetes como un símbolo de la vida cultural, social, educativo e incluso filosóficas. Estos estudios no discutir o revelar los principios fisiopatológicos subyacentes a su uso durante las sesiones de terapia física, a pesar de la aparente reconocimiento de su importancia como terapia física como adyuvante.
ABSTRACT
A avaliação de estratégias de enfrentamento é um recurso importante na elaboração de técnicas de intervenção adequadas à minimização do impacto psicológico do câncer infantil. Foram avaliados os efeitos comportamentais de um programa de intervenção psicológica lúdica em 12 crianças com câncer, de 7 a 12 anos, internadas em hospital público infantil. Utilizou-se o Instrumento Informatizado de Avaliação do Enfrentamento da Hospitalização (AEHcomp) em dois grupos: G1, submetido à intervenção psicológica lúdica centrada no enfrentamento e G2, submetido ao brincar livre tradicional. Na comparação intergrupos, não houve diferenças significativas nos comportamentos facilitadores e não-facilitadores avaliados no pré e pós-teste. Na comparação intragrupo, G1 diminuiu significativamente os comportamentos não-facilitadores no pós-teste, sugerindo possível efeito positivo do programa de intervenção centrado no problema.
The assessment of coping strategies is an important resource for the development of intervention techniques to minimize the psychological impact of childhood cancer. Behavioral effects of a recreational psychological intervention program were evaluated among 12 children with cancer, aged from 7 to 12 years old and hospitalized in a public pediatric hospital. The Computer Assessment Instrument of Coping to Hospitalization (AEHcomp) was used with two groups: G1, submitted to the recreational psychological intervention focused on coping, and G2, submitted to the traditional free play. The between-groups comparison demonstrated no significant difference for facilitating and non-facilitating behaviors during the pre and the posttest. The intra-group comparison showed a significant decrease in non-facilitating behaviors during the post-test, suggesting a possible positive effect of the recreational intervention program focused on coping.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Psychology, Child , Hospitalization , Oncology Nursing , RecreationABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to identify therapeutic play need and the degree of the nurses's therapeutic play performances perceived by hospitalized children's mothers, and then to compare the difference between the degree of the need and perceived performances. The subjects of this study consist of 121 hospitalized children's mothers. A questionaire for this study was 29 item likert type 4 point scale developed on the basis of literature review, hospitalized children's mother interview and researcher's clinical experiences. Data was analyzed by Paired t-test, t-test, ANOVA & Duncan's comparison. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of the therapeutic play need was measured to be high (3.20). The degree of perceived therapeutic play need by five components were followed as : physiologic suffering relief & enhancing play (3.39), growth & development facilitating play (3.26), instructional play (3.24), emotional well-being promoting play (3.18) and providing play tool & environment(2.97). 2.The degree of the nurse's therapeutic play performances perceived by mothers was measured to be low (1.60). The degree of perceived performances of the therapeutic play by the five components were followed as : physiologic suffering relief & enhancing play (1.87), instructional play (1.74), emotional well-being promoting play (1.64), providing play tool & environment (1.44) and growth & development facilitating play (1.42). 3. The difference between the degree of the therapeutic play need and nurese's perfor mances perceived by hospitalized children's mothers were significant statistically (t= 38.54, p=.0001). Also, five components of therapeutic play were significant statistically (p=.0001). Therapeutic play has unique benefits among health care intervention for children. These findings will help in building of the theoretical framework of therapeutic play and enhancing the quality of nursing care for hospitalized children. Therapeutic play program for hospitalized children according to child growth & development and physiologic status are recommended to be developed.