The Health Thoughts and Contemporary Enlightenment of Aristotle / 中国医学伦理学

In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle expounded his thoughts on health by analogy. Through summarizing Aristotle’s main thoughts on health, which including clarifying that the purpose of medicine is health, thinking that only moderation can create, promote and maintain health, emphasizing active-passive doctor-patient relationship, and generally respecting medical discipline and healthy life, this paper founded that his thoughts on health have obvious limitations. The limitations included: ignored the purpose of medicine also included group health; the "moderation" theory lacked accuracy and scientificity; weakened the patient’s right to speak in the doctor-patient relationship and did not give a clear guide to "how to live a healthy life". And then explored the enlightenment of Aristotle’s health thoughts to the development of contemporary society.

Sonhos possíveis e a relação transferencial / Possible dreams and the transferential relationship / Les rêves possibles et la relation transférentielle

Ogden (2010a) apresenta-nos uma teoria da clínica em que o sonhar é tomado como função de elaboração inconsciente, sendo a incapacidade do sujeito de "sonhar sua experiência emocional" um indicador de sofrimento psíquico. Tendo essa ideia como referência, assim como a teorização de Bion sobre a função alfa e o pensamento-sonho, falaremos no presente trabalho sobre o comprometimento da capacidade de sonhar e seus ecos para o psiquismo do sujeito. Com a apresentação de um caso clínico traremos ainda uma discussão sobre o mecanismo da identificação projetiva e seu valor de comunicação em análise.

Ogden (2010a) presents us with a theory of the clinic in which dreaming is taken as a function of unconscious elaboration, being the subject's inability to "dream his emotional experience" an indicator of psychological suffering. Taking this idea as a reference, as well as Bion's theorization about the alpha function and dream thoughts, in this work we will approach the compromise of the ability to dream and its echoes to the subject's psyche. We will present a clinical case and we will also discuss the mechanism of projective identification and its value of communication in analytical treatment.

Ogden (2010a) nous présente une théorie de la clinique dans laquelle le rêve est pris en fonction de l'élaboration inconsciente, et l'incapacité du sujet à «rêver son expérience émotionnelle¼ étant un indicateur de la souffrance psychique. Prenant cette idée comme référence, ainsi que la théorisation de Bion sur la fonction alpha et la pensée du rêve, nous parlerons dans le présent travail de l'incapacité de rêver et de ses échos à la psyché du sujet. Avec la présentation d'un cas clinique, nous aborderons également le mécanisme d'identification projective et sa valeur de communication en cours d'analyse.

How to improve the writing of a medical review paper / 中华神经科杂志

Review article is an important part of medical journals. It provides readers with the latest progress and cutting-edge ideas of medical research, which is of great interests for medical workers. An excellent review is not a simple literature listing. The author not only needs to summarize the important findings and highlights in the literature, but also needs to make a fair evaluation of the current research situation, deeply analyze the deficiencies and put forward his/her own unique views. The purpose is to enable readers to fully and accurately understand the research progress in this field, and inspire the readers to explore ideas, grasp the future direction and carry out innovative research. This paper will focus on how to improve the writing level of medical literature review in the process of topic selection, literature collection and screening, data analysis and evaluation.

The influence of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the influence mechanism of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion between effects of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses. Methods: In May 2019, 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were selected as sampling cities by the method of grabbing random balls. Using the stratified cluster sampling method, nurses in clinical nursing posts in 22 third class hospitals and 23 second class hospitals were selected as the research objects for a cross-sectional epidemiological survey, including 1200 nurses. A total of 1159 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective rate was 96.6%. 1159 clinical nurses were investigated by workplace violence scale, event impact scale, self-regulation fatigue scale and job burnout scale. The items contained in the questionnaire were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis with Harman single factor test, and the demographic characteristics of nurses' workplace violence, invasive thinking, self loss and job burnout were compared and analyzed with s-n-k. Results: Those with less than 3 years of service, those with more than 3 years of aggressive thinking and self loss score, and those with less than 3 years of job burnout score; The score of job burnout of unmarried was lower than that of married; The scores of invasive thinking and self loss of non editors were higher than those of current editors; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking, self loss and job burnout of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals were higher than those in secondary hospitals; The score of job burnout of undergraduate and above is higher than that of junior college and below; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking and self loss of clinical nurses in surgical departments were higher than those in non-surgical departments; The job burnout score of those aged 36 and above was higher than that of those aged <36, The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05) . Aggressive thinking and self attrition played a mediating role between workplace violence and job burnout. Workplace violence affected job burnout through the single mediating role of aggressive thinking, the single mediating role of self attrition, and the chain mediating role of aggressive thinking self attrition (β=0.16、0.08、0.03, 95%CI: 0.251~0.190、0.121~0.028、0.050~0.012, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Workplace violence affects burnout sense through the independent mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion and the chain mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion in clinical nurses.

Consolidating the foundation, highlighting the practice and strengthening the training of clinical thinking of acupuncture and moxibustion: the thoughts of compiling the China national standardized training textbook Acupuncture and Moxibustion for residents of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国针灸

Based on the clinical needs and examination requirements of standardized training students, the China national standardized training textbook Acupuncture and Moxibustion for residents of traditional Chinese medicine has made innovations in the textbook content and form. In the part of meridians and acupoints, the classic original text is introduced and the main indications and operation methods of 200 commonly-used acupoints are summarized in the form of tables. In the part of acupuncture and moxibustion technique, the operating procedures are standardized and the core technical points of 20 commonly-used acupuncture and moxibustion techniques are summarized in the form of flow chart. In the part of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, 48 typical diseases are introduced in the form of case discussion, highlighting the problem orientation and demonstrating the diagnosis and treatment procedures.

The origin, development and academic thoughts of the blood-pricking school / 中国针灸

This study sorted out the records of blood-pricking therapy in ancient and modern medical literature, and clarified the origin and development of blood-pricking school. The main stages of the school development included origin and germination stage, the theoretical development stage, the experience accumulation stage, the theoretical innovation and characteristic formation stage, the continuous improvement and maturity stage and the unprecedented development stage. The main academic thoughts included the idea of resolutely eliminating the blood-excess, the idea of completely expelling evil, the idea of simultaneous application of acupuncture-moxibustion and medication and the idea of focusing the use of jing-well point. This school has a far-reaching impact on modern clinical practice.

Depressive symptoms and automatic negative thoughts as predictors of suicidal ideation in Mexican adolescents / Síntomas depresivos y pensamientos automáticos negativos como predictores de la ideación suicida en adolescentes mexicanos

Abstract Introduction Since little is known about the factors associated with suicidal ideation in adolescents, identifying them is important for developing suitable preventive strategies. Objective To analyze the variables associated with the presence of suicidal ideation, as well as the predictive power of depressive symptoms and negative automatic thoughts. Method A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 409 students between the ages of 15 and 19 randomly selected in a public school in the State of Mexico. An ad hoc questionnaire that gathered information on sociodemographic and psychological variables and substance use, the Depression Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies (CESD-R), the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ-30), and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) were administered. Results From the total of the sample, 14.9% presented suicidal ideation. A positive, significant association was observed between the latter and gender, having divorced parents, professing Catholicism, using tobacco and drugs, and having experienced violence and anguish in the last semester, presenting depressive symptoms, negative automatic thoughts and having attempted suicide. Being a woman (OR = 2.55 [1.02, 6.38]), using drugs (OR = 3.44 [1.23, 9.57]), having probable depression (OR = 4.37 [1.68, 11.36]), experiencing negative thoughts (OR = 6.03 [2.40, 15.10]), and having attempted suicide (OR = 22.66 [1.58, 325.29]) predicted the appearance of suicidal ideas. Discussion and conclusion Risk factors for suicidal ideation in adolescents have been identified and they must be taken into account in preventive programs.

Resumen Introducción Se sabe poco de los factores que se asocian a la ideación suicida en adolescentes e identificarlos es importante para desarrollar estrategias preventivas adecuadas. Objetivo Analizar las variables que se asocian a la presencia de ideación suicida y conocer el poder predictivo de los síntomas depresivos y los pensamientos automáticos negativos. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal prospectivo con 409 estudiantes de entre 15 y 19 años seleccionados aleatoriamente en una escuela pública del Estado de México. Se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc que recogía información sobre variables sociodemográficas, psicológicas y consumo de sustancias. Para ello se usaron la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CESD-R), el Cuestionario de Pensamientos Automáticos (ATQ-30) y la Escala de Ideación Suicida de Beck (ISB). Resultados Un 14.9% de la muestra presentaba ideación suicida. Se observó una asociación positiva y significativa entre la misma y el sexo, tener padres divorciados, profesar la religión católica, consumir tabaco y drogas, así como haber sufrido violencia y angustia en el último semestre, haber presentado síntomas depresivos, pensamientos automáticos negativos e intentos de suicidio. Ser mujer (OR = 2.55 [1.02, 6.38]), consumir drogas (OR = 3.44 [1.23, 9.57]), presentar probable depresión (OR = 4.37 [1.68, 11.36]), tener pensamientos negativos (OR = 6.03 [2.40, 15.10]) y haber intentado suicidarse (OR = 22.66 [1.58, 325.29]) predicen la aparición de ideas suicidas. Discusión y conclusión En adolescentes se han identificado factores de riesgo para presentar ideación suicida, los cuales deben tenerse en cuenta en los programas preventivos.

Influencing factors for self-violent thoughts and behaviorsamong ninth-grade students / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the influencing factors for self-violent thoughts and behaviors among the ninth-grade students in Jiangbei District of Ningbo, so as to provide the basis for carrying out psychological intervention. @*Methods@#The ninth-grade students in a junior high school each of the six streets ( towns ) in Jiangbei District were recruited by multi-stage cluster sampling method from October to November 2018. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the general information, life style, psychological condition, self-violent thoughts and behaviors in the latest year. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for self-violent thoughts and behaviors.@*Results@#A total of 1 300 questionnaires were issued and 1 238 valid ones were recovered, with an effective rate of 95.23%. The prevalence rates of self-violent thoughts and behaviors among the ninth-grade students were 16.88% and 8.48%. TheResults of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal marital status of parents ( OR=2.074, 95%CI: 1.139-3.775 ) , no moderate physical activity ( OR=1.764, 95%CI: 1.101-2.826 ) , sleeping less than 8 hours ( OR=1.858, 95%CI: 1.273-2.712 ) , alcohol consumption ( OR=2.108, 95%CI: 1.448-3.070 ) , sense of despair ( OR=6.397, 95%CI: 4.195-9.757 ) , sense of anxiety ( OR=4.094, 95%CI: 2.725-6.151 ) , sense of loneliness ( OR=1.879, 95%CI: 1.241-2.854 ) , and cyber-bullying ( OR=5.155, 95%CI: 2.780-9.556 ) were risk factors for self-violent thoughts; not living with parents ( OR=2.057, 95%CI: 1.021-4.145 ) , alcohol consumption ( OR=1.756, 95%CI: 1.074-2.872 ) , sense of despair ( OR=7.197, 95%CI: 4.365-11.864 ) , sense of anxiety ( OR=5.832, 95%CI: 3.276-10.382 ) , fighting ( OR=2.272, 95%CI: 1.219-4.232 ) and physical bullying ( OR=3.462, 95%CI: 1.135-10.558 ) were risk factors for self-violent behaviors. @*Conclusion@#Drinking, family relationship, bullying, and mental health problems such as sense of despair and anxiety were associated with the self-violent thoughts and behaviors of ninth-grade students.

Validación del inventario de pensamientos negativos en respuesta al dolor en población argentina con cefaleas primarias / Validation of the inventory of negative thoughts in response to pain in the argentine population with primary headaches

Resumen: Procesos cognitivos tales como pensamientos negativos son importantes moduladores de la experiencia de dolor. El Inventario de Pensamientos Negativos en Respuesta al Dolor (INTRP) es una herramienta que permite evaluar los pensamientos automáticos negativos asociados a la experiencia dolorosa. El presente trabajo se enfoca en la validación del INTRP en población argentina. Se testearon varios modelos previos, llegando al mejor ajuste el modelo de cinco factores: 1) autoverbalizaciones negativas, 2) pensamientos negativos de apoyo social, 3) pensamientos de discapacidad, 5) pensamientos de falta de control y 5) pensamientos de autoinculpación. Este modelo posee la misma estructura factorial que la hallada en la versión española, el cual posee un nivel mayor de especificidad en la detección de cogniciones asociadas al dolor. Se puede concluir que el INTRP es una herramienta confiable para su uso en el ámbito clínico que permita enfocar la terapia psicológica de argentinos con cefaleas.

Abstract: Cognitive processes such as negative thoughts are important modulators of the pain experience. The Inventory of Negative Thoughts in Response to Pain (INTRP) is a tool that allows evaluating negative automatic thoughts associated with the painful experience. The present work focuses on the validation of the INTRP in the Argentine population. Several previous models were tested, reaching the best fit of the five-factor model: 1) negative self-verbalizations, 2) negative thoughts of social support, 3) thoughts of disability, 5) thoughts of lack of control and 5) thoughts of self-blame. This model has the same factor structure as that found in the Spanish version, which has a higher level of specificity in detecting cognitions associated with pain. It can be concluded that the INTRP is a reliable tool for use in the clinical setting that allows to focus the psychological therapy of Argentines with headaches.

Analysis of the effect of personality factors on mental health and its mediating effect in navy air force / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To analyze the influence of personality factors on mental health and its mediating variables in the support officers and soldiers of a certain navy air force unit. Methods A total of 1311 participants from the support officers and soldiers of a certain navy air force unit were selected. Cattell's 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Military General Information Questionnaire designed by authors, Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS) were used to assess the personality factors, automatic thoughts, general events and mental health level respectively. And structural equation model was used to analyze the mediating effect of automatic thoughts and general events between the personality factors and mental health, and the significance of mediating effect was tested with Bootstrap method. Results The participants' average rough scores of SAS were (29.72±6.26), and 6.10% of the subjects (80/1311) were anxious (standard score of SAS≥50); while the average standard scores of SDS were (38.83±10.76), 11.21% (147/1311) of the subjects were depressive (standard score of SDS≥53); and the average scores of SRSS were (19.59±5.81). There is a significant correlation between the subjects' adaptation and anxiety type, mental health factors and ATQ total score, general evaluation total score and SDS, SAS, SRSS score (P0.05), which indicated that general events and automatic thoughts totally mediated the relationship between the personality factors and mental health. While for indirect effects of mental health personality factors model, the 95%CI was (-0.307-0.217, P<0.01), and for the direct effects, the 95%CI was (-0.299-0.137, P<0.01). Conclusions It suggested that the mental health condition of the support officers and soldiers in a certain navy air force unit is still acceptable. Age, educational level, personality factors, general events and automatic thoughts could affect the mental health, and the personality factors may affect the mental health mediated by general events and automatic thoughts.

A Summary of Health Preserving Thoughts of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Medicine (Ⅰ) / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional health preservation thoughts of four major schools (Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and medicine) were systematically summarized. The proposed health-preserving ideas of physical health maintenance by Confucianism (self-cultivation, moderation and harmony), mental health maintenance by Buddhism (keeping still and in deep meditation, insight, kindness and help), health preservation by Taoism (following the nature, enhancing spirit and energy) and life protecting by medicine (dredging collaterals, Qi and blood, possessing both the form and the spirit), and the health-preserving methods under the guidance of such ideas have important guiding value for current industry of traditional health care.

Chinese medicine master -' creative viewpoint on acupuncture-moxibustion and acupoints of Zhejiang school / 中国针灸

The creative viewpoint of -, the master of Zhejiang school of Chinese medicine is introduced regarding the theories of acupuncture-moxibustion and acupoints. It is stated by master that the five-tissue needling methods are applicable not only for physical disorders, but also for disorders. Of these methods, the nearby bone needling method presents an instructive significance in treatment of pain disorder. The "reinforcing in the upper and reducing in the lower" needling method supplements the reinforcing and reducing theory of acupuncture. Master has put forward the theory of flexible selection of acupoint, the phenomenon of acupoint groups and the application of transverse acupoint composition, as well as the measures for intensifying needling induction, promoting regulation of acupuncture and improving clinical effect. Besides, the seven Chinese characters are used to summarize acupoint composition, meaning "main point, supplementary point, nearby point, corresponding point, back- point, front- point and extra point" separately. This creative viewpoint provides a clearer and more feasible mode in treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion and is instructive proactively in clinical practice.

Prevalence of suicide ideation and its pattern among college students of the tribal region of Central India

Background: Globally, suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents. Suicide evolves from suicide ideation (SI) to planning of suicide and finally attempting suicide. Understanding the pattern of suicidal ideation is crucial for preventing suicidal acts. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of SI and its pattern among college students of Gondia city in tribal region of central India. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Respondents were students of colleges in Gondia city in tribal areas of Maharashtra. A total of 214 students responded. The questionnaire was developed by contextual modification of SI scale. All categorical variables were expressed in percentage with 95% confidence interval. Quantitative variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation. Results: The majority of participants were undergraduate with mean age of 18.6 (±2) years, female and Hindu. The prevalence of SI was ranging from 3.74% to 13.08%. “I feel life is not just worth living” was the most common thought reported. Among those who had SIs, 13 (46.43%) had SI at least once a year and 15 (53.57%) had expressed that they do not have control over their suicidal ideations. There were 5 (17.86%) out of the study participants having SI who have made attempt to suicide. None of the participants had approached for any professional help for SI. Conclusion: SI is significantly prevalent among college students. They have varied frequencies of thought with no control over them. Self-perceived depression being the most common cause of SI reported by participants.

Living with a Chronic Disease: Preparation, Information, Talking and Thoughts about the Disease

Chronic diseases have an impact on and change the lives of people with them. The chronic disease is part of coping strategies relating to the way a person thinks and acts in order to cope with a stressful situation. The study focuses on four chronic diseases: Asthma-allergy, diabetic mellitus, cancer, inflammatory rheumatic arthritis. All the diseases influence daily life in a practical as well as emotional way. The diseases may seem different, but they can all have a life-threatening component, even if the focus on this may vary in common opinion. The objectives of this article are to describe how patients with a chronic disease were prepared for having a chronic disease, experienced the information they receive if they can talk about the disease and what they think about the disease. Despite there being four diseases in this study, the result pointed to similarities between them. Talking to others about their disease can help patients cope with the situation of having a chronic disease. For all health care professionals meeting patients with chronic diseases, the knowledge from the study can be helpful when the treatment in different ways as well as practical and emotional support to help those patients live as good a life as possible.

A follow-up study about self-acceptance and automatic thoughts in permanent colostomy patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic changes and correlation of self-acceptance and automatic thoughts in permanent colostomy patients. Methods There were 89 low position rectal cancer patients after Miles and permanent colostomy were recruited from the Department of Oncological Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityfromFebruary 2016 to October 2016. Self-acceptance Questionnaire and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire were used to collect data in 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after colostomy. Results The self-acceptance scores were 33.64 ± 5.52, 33.24 ± 5.71, 34.56 ± 6.04 and 38.91 ± 6.33 respectively, which had significant differences (F=11.012, P<0.01). The automatic thoughts scores were 63.20 ± 16.78, 60.88 ± 16.53, 58.64 ± 15.87 and 55.32 ± 14.76 respectively, which had significant differences (F=3.462, P<0.05). The correlation between self-acceptance and automatic thoughts were-0.576--0.372, which were all significant (P<0.01). Conclusion There were negative correlations between self-acceptance and automatic thoughts in permanent colostomy patients within 1 year after operation. Health professionals should learn to identify patients′automatic thoughts accurately, lead off negative emotions, promote early self-acceptance and improve their quality of life.

The resilience characteristics and its influencing factors in the elderly disabled / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the resilience characteristics of the elderly disabled,and the effects of individual,family and social factors on resilience.Methods A total of 138 disabled older adults from four districts of Chengdu City were investigated by 10 items Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CDRISC-10),the automatic thoughts questionnaire (ATQ),self esteem scale (SES),revised eysenck personnality questionnaire short scale for chinese(EPQ-RSC) and self-made population sociology questionnaire.Totally 194 community-dwelling older adults without disabilities,as a comparative population,were included in the analysis.Results Compared with the community-dwelling elderly without disability (35.58 ± 5.75,18.13±3.48,18.43±3.08),the scores of resilience(21.38±7.71),strength(10.50±4.08) and hardiness (10.88±4.07) of the elderly disabled were significantly lower(t=-19.56,-17.81,-18.34,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in the resilience scores of the elderly disabled in terms of gender,urban and rural sources,marital status,education,disability level and family atmosphere.However,there were significant differences in age,disability causes,disability type and family economic conditions (age:thardiess =2.18,P＜0.05.disability causes:tresilience =-2.75,tstrength =-2.22,thardiness =-2.68,P＜0.05.disability type:Fhardiness =2.60,P＜ 0.05.family economic conditions:Fresilience =5.45,Fstrength =4.78,Fhardiness =5.21,P＜0.01).The resilience,automatic thoughts,self-esteem and personality were significant correlation with each other(r=-0.16-0.65,P＜0.05).After controlling age,disability causes,disability type and family economic conditions,self esteem(β=0.291,P＜0.01),extraversion (β=0.287,P＜0.01) and neuroticism (β=-0.254,P＜0.05) were important influential factors of resilience,explained 32.0％ variance in resilience.Conclusion It may be an important way to improve resilience level of the elderly disabled by enhancing their selfesteem,promoting their psychological adjustment and strengthening their emotional management.

The Role of Negative Automatic Thoughts as a Mediator in the Relationship between Maternal Attachment and Depressive Symptoms among Late Adolescents of Pakistan

@#Introduction: Negative automatic thoughts refer to subconscious thinking patterns in response to irrational and self-defeating stimuli. Individuals who are depressed tend to have biased negative automatic thoughts. Therefore, there is a need to refine our understanding of what contributes to the development of adolescent depressive symptoms. The current study examined the mediating role of negative automatic thoughts in the link between maternal attachment and depressive symptoms among late adolescents in Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional study focused on 936 (males=423, females=513) students aged 17 to 19 years old, who were selected through multistage cluster sampling technique. Respondents answered self-report questionnaires which assessed maternal attachment, depressive symptoms, and negative automatic thoughts. Structural equation modelling was utilised to analyse the relationships among the research variables. Results: The findings indicated that 39.3% had negative automatic thoughts; whereas, 5.6% experienced severe depressive symptoms. Correlational analysis showed that maternal attachment had a negative association with depressive symptoms and negative automatic thoughts. In contrast, depressive symptoms were positively related to negative automatic thoughts. Structural analysis revealed that negative automatic thoughts partially mediated the association of maternal attachment with depressive symptoms among late adolescents. Findings specifically demonstrated that those with insecure maternal attachment tend to have negative automatic thoughts, which subsequently lead to depressive symptoms. Conclusion: In conclusion, findings highlight the importance of secure attachment to the mother and positive automatic thoughts in combating depressive symptoms; thus ensuring a healthy psychological development for adolescents.

Paternal Attachment, Negative Life Events, Automatic Thoughts and Depressive Symptoms of Adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia

@#Introduction: Depressive symptoms are major public health issues with significantly increasing rates during adolescence. Specific factors and mechanisms associated with depressive symptoms still need to be identified. The present study aimed to examine direct relationships between paternal attachment and negative life events (NLE) to depressive symptoms. Indirect effect of automatic thoughts on the relationships was also examined. Methods: A sample of 1030 adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years (mean=15.36) was recruited using probability proportional to size cluster sampling from selected states in Peninsular Malaysia to complete self-report measures on the study variables. Results: Structural equation modelling indicated that paternal attachment in terms of secure, approachability and anxious fearful were directly associated to depressive symptoms. Broadly, increases in secure and approachability attachments followed by decreases in depressive symptoms. Adolescents who experienced anxious fearful attachment seemed to be more vulnerable to depressive symptoms. Moreover, results from mediation analyses revealed that automatic thoughts mediated the effect of two attachment variables (i.e., anxious fearful and responsiveness) and NLE to depressive symptoms. Conclusion: These findings shed light on the concurrent effects of attachment and life events on depressive symptoms, providing evidence on how to reduce depressive symptoms among adolescents. The current study also expands knowledge on the role of automatic thoughts as potentially relevant mediator. Intervention and prevention programs aimed at preventing adolescents from the deleterious effects of depressive symptoms should involve both parents and adolescents in order to promote optimal attachment relationships and minimize depressive cognitions in adolescents

Overview of studies on DOU Han-qing's academic thoughts about acupuncture-moxibustion / 针刺研究

DOU Han-qing (1196-1280 A．D.) is a famous acupuncturist of the Jin and Yuan dynasties in ancient China. His academic thoughts about acupuncture and moxibustion have a higher clinical practical and theoretical value and received extensive attention in China. In the present paper, we make systematic analysis and summary about the current researches on Master DOU's academic thoughts after retrieval and screening the related research literature (published from the foundation of the People's Republic of China till now) by using electronic databases. The results showed that our understanding about Master DOU's academic thoughts are mainly based on Zhenjing Zhinan (《》，A Guide to the Classic of Acupuncture), especially the Biaoyou Fu (《》，Lyrics of Recondite Principles) and the eight influential acupoints of meridians, but less attention has been paid to books DOU Taishi Zhenjing (《》，Master DOU's Acupuncture Classics), Zhenjiu Jicheng (《》，Compendium of Acupuncture-moxibustion) and Panshijin Zhici Michuan (《》，Panshijin Esoteric Techniques on Perpendicular Insertion of Acupuncture Needles). The systematicness and depth of research on Master DOU's academic theory need being improved. We propose that we should make a comprehensive study about Master DOU's books and his life stories under the academic development history of overall background of Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion, so as to get a clear, complete and objective understanding on DOU's academic thoughts.

Influência da carreira e do capital psicológico em aspectos de vida e trabalho / Influence of career and psychological capital on aspects of life and work / Influencia de la carrera y del capital psicológico en los aspectos de la vida y del trabajo

Este estudo foi desenvolvido com objetivo de compreender as inter-relações entre dimensões psicológicas de carreira (pensamentos negativos e adaptabilidade de carreira), capital psicológico e domínios de vida trabalho (sucesso de carreira e empregabilidade percebida) e não trabalho (satisfação com a vida). Duas amostras foram utilizadas, a primeira constituída de 189 universitários com média de idade de 21,44 anos (DP = 3,33), sendo 65,1% do sexo feminino, e a segunda por 312 empregados de nível superior com média de idade de 27,88 anos (DP = 5,19), sendo 51% do sexo feminino. Os resultados, a partir de modelos de equações estruturais, apontaram que para universitários os contextos de vida trabalho e não trabalho são influenciados pela adaptabilidade e pensamentos negativos de carreira. Já em trabalhadores, os resultados apontam a influência pelos pensamentos negativos de carreira e o capital psicológico. Discutem-se aplicações para pesquisa e contexto de orientação profissional e desenvolvimento de carreira. (AU)

This research was developed with the objective of understanding the interrelationships between career psychological dimensions (negative thoughts and career adaptability), psychological capital and domains of work life (career success and perceived employability) and non-work (satisfaction with life). Two samples were used, the former consisting of 189 university students with a mean age of 21.44 years (SD = 3.33), and 65.1% were female. The latter group consisted of 312 upper-level employees with a mean age of 27.88 years (SD = 5.19), of which 51% were female. The results from structural equation models have demonstrated that for university students the working and non-working life contexts are influenced by adaptability and negative career thoughts. For workers, the results demonstrated the influence of negative career thoughts and the psychological capital. It is discussed applications for research and the context of career guidance and career development. (AU)

Este estudio fue desarrollado con el objetivo de comprender las interrelaciones entre las dimensiones psicológicas de la carrera (pensamientos negativos y adaptabilidad de la carrera), el capital psicológico y los dominios de la vida laboral (éxito profesional y empleabilidad percibida) y no laboral (satisfacción con la vida). Se utilizaron dos muestras, la primera constituida por 189 universitarios con edad media de 21,44 años (DE = 3,33), y el 65,1% de sexo femenino y la segunda formada por 312 empleados de nivel superior con edad media de 27,88 años (SD = 5,19), y el 51% de sexo femenino. Los resultados, a partir de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales señalaron que para universitarios, los contextos de la vida laboral y no laboral están influenciados por la adaptabilidad y por pensamientos negativos de la carrera. En el caso de los trabajadores, los resultados señalan influencia por los pensamientos negativos de la carrera y por el capital psicológico. Se discuten aplicaciones para investigaciones y para el contexto de orientación profesional y para el desarrollo de la carrera. (AU)