ABSTRACT
Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland supplied by the superior, inferior thyroid arteries and occasionallyby thyroid ima artery. Proper identification of thyroid gland vessels is very important in order to avoid majorcomplications during and after neck surgeries. The objective of this study was to assess variations on arterialsupply of thyroid gland and its clinical significance in human cadavers in selected universities of north Ethiopia.A descriptive survey study design was employed to assess the variations on arterial supply of thyroid gland inhuman cadavers. Sixteen formalin fixed cadavers were used during routine dissection for the medical teaching.Variations in morphological character observed in the arterial supply of thyroid gland was noted, recorded andphotographed.In the present study it was observed that, the site of the origin of superior thyroid artery (STA) was evaluated asit arose from external carotid artery in 84.4%, from carotid bifurcation in 9.375% and from common carotidartery in 6.25% the cases. Regarding to the number of STA was observed that single in all specimens. In allspecimens, the origin of ITA was from the thyrocervical trunk.The anatomic characteristics and variation of the Thyroid arteries shows the most common site of origin ofsuperior thyroid artery is from external carotid artery, whereas Inferior thyroid artery arisen from thyrocervicaltrunk and thyroid ima artery is not found
ABSTRACT
La glándula tiroides es un sitio frecuente de patologías, que requiere abordaje quirúrgico. Dichas técnicas, aunque bien establecidas, generan ocasionalmente complicaciones que, por lo general, se presentan por inexperiencia del cirujano o por variaciones anatómicas no previstas. El conocimiento y el estudio de estas variaciones son importantes, con el fin de limitar las complicaciones asociadas a procedimientos quirúrgicos de la glándula tiroides, disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada y mejorar la interpretación de las técnicas de imágenes diagnósticas. Se practicó un estudio descriptivo, con 67 bloques cervicocardiopulmonares y digestivos, en cadáveres de 64 hombres y 3 mujeres. Se realizó disección de la región cervical, a nivel de la glándula tiroides, identificando el origen, el trayecto y las relaciones de las arterias que irrigan a la glándula tiroides y, de igual manera, se buscó la presencia o no de la arteria tiroidea media (IMA). El total de 67 bloques estudiados evidenció que todos presentaban ambas arterias tiroideas bilateralmente. En todos los bloques analizados, la arteria tiroidea superior, se originó de la arteria carótida externa y siguió el recorrido clásico; la arteria tiroidea inferior, se inició en los 67 bloques del tronco tirocervical y, en 64 pacientes, el nervio laríngeo recurrente, se ubicó posterior a la arteria; solamente en 3 casos, se halló anteriormente. Se confirmó presencia de arteria tiroidea IMA en 4 pacientes, que corresponde al 6% de los bloques. Los hallazgos de este estudio mantienen una gran correlación con la descripción clásica de la irrigación de la glándula tiroides en poblaciones occidentales. Con un origen y trayecto de ambas arterias tiroideas, que guardan una adecuada correlación con lo descrito previamente. La presencia de arteria tiroidea IMA fue inferior a lo reportado en la mayoría de las series de estudios.
The thyroid gland is a frequent site of pathology that requires surgical approach. Such techniques, although well-established is occasionally complicated, which usually occurs because of the inexperienced surgeon or unintended anatomical variations. The knowledge and study of these variations are important in order to limit the complications associated with surgical procedures of the thyroid gland, reduce associated morbidity and mortality and improve the performance of diagnostic imaging techniques. A descriptive study was performed with 67 digestive and cervico cardiopulmonary blocks, in cadavers 64 men and 3 women. Dissection of the cervical region was performed at the level of the thyroid gland, identifying the origin, course and relations of the arteries supplying the thyroid gland and, likewise, sought the presence or absence of the middle thyroid artery (IMA). The total of 67 blocks studied showed that all had both thyroid arteries bilaterally. In all blocks analyzed, the superior thyroid artery originated from the external carotid artery and followed the classic route; the inferior thyroid artery, started in the 67 blocks thyrocervical trunk and in 64 patients, the recurrent laryngeal nerve was located posterior to the artery; only in 3 cases, it was found above. IMA presence of thyroid artery in 4 patients, corresponding to 6% of the blocks was confirmed. The findings of this study remain highly correlated with the classical description of the irrigation of the thyroid gland in Western populations, in an origin and course of both thyroid arteries that have a good correlation with those previously described. The presence of thyroid artery IMA was lower than that reported in most series of studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anatomic Variation , Arteries/anatomy & histology , Thyroid Gland/blood supply , Cadaver , ColombiaABSTRACT
Objective In order to select appropriate size of embolizing granules and to achieve complete embolization and good therapeutic effect, the diameters of thyroid arteries in Graves disease was measured. Methods Multiple slides of embolized thyroid tissues from superior pole, body and inferior pole of resected thyroid glands were made. After being embeded and stained, diameters of arteries in various parts of thyroid glands were measured with microscope calipers (Olympus). Results Average diameter capillary network of the thyroid body gland adjacent to superior, infreior artery was 0. 12-0. 25 mm, and the smallest one was 0. 04-0. 11 mm. The diameter of isthmus was 0. 130. 15 mm. The average diameter of superior and inferior artery was 2- 5. 5 mm and 3. 0- 3. 75 mm measured by using interventional angiography Conclusion According to the diameters of arteries which were measured, complete embolization and good therapeutic effect can be achieved.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the pathological morphology of thyroid specimen after thyroid arteries embolization. In order to select appropriate size of embolizing granules, the diameters of thyroid arteries in Graves' disease were measured. Methods Multiple slides of embolized thyroid tissues from superior pole, body and inferior pole of the resected thyroid glands were made. After being embedded and stained, pathological morphology was observed and diameters of arteries in various parts of thyroid glands were measured under microscopy. Results Pathological examination of thyroid glands showed that superior and inferior thyroid arteries and most of their branches were embolized with ischemic necrosis and fibrosis in the embolized thyroid tissue. Follicular epithelium appeared as flat or cubic shapes with colloid reduction. Average diameter of main branches of superior artery was 440～550?m and that of inferior artery was 300～375?m. The diameters of capillary network in the thyroid body was 120～250?m, and the non embolized ones was 40～110?m. The diameter of isthmus was 130～150?m. Conclusions Pathological morphology of Graves' disease after thyroid arteries embolization showed that the excretion of thyroid glands would be decreased and equivalents to subtotal thyroidectomy.