PhoR/PhoP two component regulatory system affects biocontrol capability of Bacillus subtilis NCD-2

The Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an important biocontrol agent against cotton verticillium wilt and cotton sore shin in the field, which are caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, respectively. A mutant of strain NCD-2, designated M216, with decreased antagonism to V. dahliae and R. solani, was selected by mini-Tn10 mutagenesis and in vitro virulence screening. The inserted gene in the mutant was cloned and identified as the phoR gene, which encodes a sensor kinase in the PhoP/PhoR two-component system. Compared to the wild-type strain, the APase activities of the mutant was decreased significantly when cultured in low phosphate medium, but no obvious difference was observed when cultured in high phosphate medium. The mutant also grew more slowly on organic phosphate agar and lost its phosphatidylcholine-solubilizing ability. The suppression of cotton seedling damping-off in vivo and colonization of the rhizosphere of cotton also decreased in the mutant strain when compared with the wild type strain. All of these characteristics could be partially restored by complementation of the phoR gene in the M216 mutant.

Localización molecular mediante PCR inverso del sitio de inserción de un transposon TN 10 ligado a gntS en mutantes de Escherichia coli / Molecular location by inverse PCR of the insertion site of a Tn10 transposón ligated to gntS in Escherichia coli mutants

La vecindad del sitio de inserción del transposón Tn10, portado por la mutante de Escherichia coli DF601, contiene el gene gntS, un presunto regulador positivo involucrado en el metabolismo del gluconato en E. coli. Aunque el análisis molecular de la región del minuto 95.3, señalado originalmente como el sitio de inserción del transposón, reveló el ORF f251 con características de regulador, transformaciones con éste y otros ORFs de la región, una vez clonados, no complementaron la función perdida en mutantes gntS. El presente trabajo racionaliza la causa de tales resultados. Con base a la secuencia nucleotídica suministrada por GenBank y la aplicación de la técnica de PCR inverso, se encontró que el sitio exacto de inserción del transposón Tn10, portado por la mencionada mutante y sus derivadas TetR, es la posición 4442377, la cual interrumpe el ORF ytfN en la región del minuto 95.8 del mapa genético y no en la del minuto 95.3, como fue originalmente establecido. Los resultados, además de señalar sin ambigüedad la región cromosómica a investigar para lograr los fines propuestos, indican la conveniencia de aplicar la técnica sencilla de PCR inverso, para ubicar elementos genéticos antes de emplearlos en estudios moleculares.

The vicinity of the Tn10 transposon insertion site, carried by the Escherichia. coli mutant DF601, contains the genegntS, a putative positive regulator involved in the metabolism of the gluconate in E. coli. Although the molecular analysis of the 95.3 minute region, originally reported as the transposon insertion site, revealed the ORF f251 as one with regulator characteristics, transformations with this and other ORFs associated with the region, once cloned, did not complement the lost function in gntS mutants. The present work rationalizes on the cause of such results. Based on the nucleotide sequence provided by GenBank and application of the inverse PCR technique, it was found that the exact site of the Tn10 transposon insertion is in the position 4442377, interrupting the ytfN ORF at the minute 95.8 of the E. coli genetic map and not at minute 95.3, as it was originally established. The results indicate the precise chromosomal region to investigate in order to obtain the initially proposed aims and the convenience of applying the simple technique of inverse PCR to locate genetic elements as well.

Use of the plasmid pRK 2013 as a vehicle for transposition in Azotobacter vinelandii.

Plasmid stability in Azotobacter vinelandii has been determined and a way to introduce transposon into these cells using the plasmid pRK 2013 has been devised. Transposition of both Tn3 and Tn10 has been attained.