ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the tooth dimensions of an orthodontic patient population with a normal population of Nigerians. Materials and Methods: Participants were orthodontic and control populations selected from Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospitals Complex Ile-Ife. Selected participants had full eruption of first six permanent teeth in all quadrants, intact dentition and no conservative treatment other than class 1 restorations. The mesio-distal and bucco-lingual widths of teeth were measured with an electronic digital caliper from dental casts. Independent sample t test was used for group comparisons. Statistical significance was inferred at p < 0.05. Results: Mean maxillary and mandibular mesio-distal tooth dimensions were generally larger in the orthodontic than the control population, however, only the dimensions of maxillary central incisors, left lateral incisor and mandibular left second premolar differed significantly (p < 0.05). Mean maxillary bucco-lingual tooth dimensions were significantly larger among the orthodontic than the control population. Mandibular bucco-lingual dimensions differed significantly for the right canine, left first and second premolars, and right and left first molars (p < 0.05). Tooth dimensions were generally larger in male than female participants, however only a few differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Some differences were observed in the mesio-distal tooth dimensions of the orthodontic patients and control patients who participated in this study, especially in relation to the maxillary incisors. Buccolingual tooth dimensions differed significantly between the groups which were more pronounced with the maxillary teeth. Gender differences were observed with some tooth dimensions.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: determinar as dimensões biométricas de dentes humanos, nos sentidos mesiodistal, vestibulolingual e ocluso/inciso-cervical. MÉTODOS: utilizou-se uma amostra de modelos em gesso de 57 pacientes - 31 do sexo feminino (média de idade de 15 anos e 5 meses) e 26 do masculino (média de idade de 16 anos e 6 meses). A amostra foi previamente qualificada, adotando-se o critério das "seis chaves para a oclusão perfeita" de Andrews, e teve seus valores compatibilizados com as variações obtidas por Bolton. Dois examinadores usaram um paquímetro digital com as pontas originais (curtas) e outras modificadas (pontas longas). RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: após os resultados serem submetidos aos testes estatísticos, constatou-se que os elementos dentários se mostraram simétricos nas arcadas dentárias em ambos os sexos. As dimensões dentárias são menores no sexo feminino, portanto, quando estudadas, devem ser separadas. Com os valores médios gerais obtidos, foi possível elaborar tabelas separadas quanto aos sexos, valores médios das três dimensões dentárias, porcentagem de ocorrência entre essas dimensões e seus respectivos desvios-padrão. Com esses valores foi possível desenvolver a denominada equação "C" e tabelas de percentis "C" e, com o auxílio de ambas, tornou-se possível aferir apenas uma das dimensões de um dente e encontrar as duas outras dimensões "prováveis" dos demais dentes das arcadas dentárias.
Objective: To determine the biometric dimensions of human teeth in the mesiodistal, buccolingual and occlusal/incisal-cervical directions. Methods: It was used a sample of dental casts from 57 patients, i.e., 31 females with a mean age of 15 years and 5 months, and 26 males with a mean age of 16 years and 6 months. The sample was previously qualified by adopting the criteria established by Andrews' six keys to normal occlusion, whose values were matched to the variations obtained by Bolton. Two examiners used a digital caliper with original (short) and modified (long) tips. Results and Conclusions: After statistical analysis of the data it was concluded that the teeth were shown to be symmetrical in the dental arches of both genders. Tooth dimensions are smaller in females than in males and should therefore be studied separately. Overall mean values were obtained and used to build tables distinguishing such dimensions according to gender. Mean values for the three tooth dimensions, occurrence rates of these dimensions and their standard deviations were also calculated. These values allowed the development of an equation called "C" equation as well as "C" percentile tables. With the aid of both, it became possible to measure only one dimension of a given tooth to find the other two "probable" dimensions of the other teeth in the dental arches.
ABSTRACT
The study investigates the presence of sexual dimorphism in the size of the permanent teeth among Chilean individuals. Mesiodistal and bucolingual diameters were measured in the teeth of 150 patients between 18 and 24 years old, 67 males and 83 females (excluded were third molars and pieces with large cavities and fillings). The largest were found in males; the differences in mean bucolingual diameters with p<0.05 were observed in pieces 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7, 2.6, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, and 4.5; and with p <0.01, the relevant pieces were to 4.4 and 4.7. With regard to mesiodistal dimensions, the only significant difference p <0.05 was found in piece 1.2. These results show that sexual dimorphism can be found in all group teeth.
Se investiga la presencia de dimorfismo sexual en las dimensiones de las piezas dentarias permanentes, en individuos chilenos. Se midieron los diámetros mesiodistales y buco linguales de las piezas dentarias de 150 pacientes, de entre 18 y 24 años de edad, 67 hombres y 83 mujeres, se excluyeron los terceros molares y las piezas con caries y obturaciones extensas. Las mayores dimensiones se encontraron en hombres, diferencias significativas en los diámetros bucolinguales con p<0.05 resultaron en las piezas 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7, 2.6, 3.3, 4.1,4.2 y 4.5 y con p<0.01 para las piezas 4.4 y 4.7. Con respecto a las dimensiones mesiodistales, la única diferencia significativa con p<0.05 se encontró en la pieza 1.2. Estos resultados muestran que es posible encontrar dimorfismo sexual en todos los grupos dentarios.