ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: entre todas las enfermedades que afectan el complejo bucal se encuentran los traumas dentarios que son alteraciones causadas por factores extrínsecos e intrínsecos que dificultan el funcionamiento normal del mismo. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento del traumatismo en el sector anterior en pacientes de ocho a 18 años de edad. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos en 15 pacientes atendidos en el servicio de la clínica estomatológica de Gibara Holguín, que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, en el período desde enero de 2015 hasta enero de 2016. Los datos se procesaron en Excel, se calcularon porcentajes. Para mayor comprensión la información se mostró en tablas. Resultados: el grupo de edad más afectado resultó el de ocho a 11 años de edad con un discreto predominio del sexo masculino. En el comportamiento del traumatismo dentario anterior según la severidad de la lesión predominó la infractura del esmalte, con nueve pacientes. Conclusiones: el diente más afectado fue el incisivo central superior al predominar la infractura del esmalte de acuerdo con la severidad de la lesión.
ABSTRACT Background: among all the illnesses affecting the buccal complex we can find the dental traumas, they are alterations caused by extrinsic and intrinsic factors that make difficult the normal functioning of it. Objective: to evaluate the behavior of the traumatism in the anterior sector in patient from eight to 18 years of age. Methods: a descriptive study of series of cases was carried out in 15 patients assisted in the service of the Gibara dentistry clinic from January of the 2015 until January of the 2016. Data was processed in Excel, and percentage was calculated. To a better understanding, the information was shown in charts. Results: the most affected age group was the one from eight to 11 years of age, with a discreet prevalence of the masculine sex. In the behavior of the dental anterior traumatism according to the severity of the lesion the in-fracture of the enamel prevailed with nine patients. Conclusions: the most affected tooth was the superior central incisive prevailing the in-fracture of the enamel according to the severity of the lesion.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo - Este estudo teve como finalidade: I) avaliar a prevalência das lesões dentárias traumáticas (LDTs) em pré-escolares; II) comparar a prevalência em escolas públicas e particulares; III) avaliar a necessidade de tratamento das LDTs. Métodos - Foi realizado um levantamento epidemiológico com 411 pré-escolares. As LDTs foram classificadas de acordo com Ellis (1972), adicionando-se a esse critério a alteração de cor. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão de Poisson. Resultados - A prevalência das LDTs foi de 14,8%. O incisivo central superior foi o dente mais afetado sem diferença entre os lados. As meninas apresentaram menos trauma que os meninos (p<0,05) e a prevalência foi menor em escolas públicas (p<0,05). O trauma mais comum nas instituições públicas foi fratura de coroa envolvendo apenas esmalte, e nas privadas foi alteração de cor da coroa. Os resultados mostraram grande necessidade de tratamento, 41,4% para escolas públicas e 27,1% para particulares. Conclusão - Conclui-se que a prevalência das LDTs foi 14,8%, crianças de escolas particulares tiveram mais trauma e existe grande necessidade de tratamento, principalmente nas escolas públicas.
Objective - The aim of the study was to: I) evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in pre-scholars; II) compare the prevalence of the TDIs in private and public schools; III) evaluate the need of treatment of the TDIs. Methods - This study was conducted with the use of a transversal epidemiological study in 411 preschool children. Results - TDIs were classified according to Ellis (1972), adding color alteration to this criterion. Data were submitted to Poisson regression analysis. TDIs prevalence was 14.8%. The superior central incisor was the most affected tooth, without any difference between left and right sides. Univariate analysis showed that girls presented less trauma than boys and the prevalence was lower in public schools (p < 0.037). The most common trauma in public schools were fractures of crowns involving only enamel while in private schools was alteration in the color of the crown and TDIs needed treatment. Conclusion - It was concluded that there was association among traumatic dental injuries and gender (boys had more trauma than girls), school (children from private school had more TDIs) and big need of treatment for the LDTs exists.