Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transrectal Ultrasound Image Fusion Targeted Transperineal Biopsy Technique Using Electromagnetic Needle Tracking Under Local Anaesthesia / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To explore the effect and safety of magnetic resonance imaging and transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) image fusion targeted transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 81 patients with mpMRI-TRUS image fusion targeted transperineal prostate biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia. Visual analog scale (VAS) and visual numeric scale (VNS) were used to evaluate the pain level and satisfaction of patients during prostate biopsy (VAS-1 and VNS-1), one hour after puncture (VAS-2 and VNS-2), and one day after surgery (VAS-3 and VNS-3). The perioperative clinical data and tumor positive rate of postoperative biopsy were recorded. Results The average prostate volume of 81 patients was 53.39±29.46 cm3. The PSA values of patients with PI-RADS scores of 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 9.14±2.31, 9.95±4.10, 14.77±6.36, and 32.17±24.39 ng/ml, respectively. The scores of VAS-1, VAS-2, and VAS-3 were 1.70±0.73, 1.16±0.58, and 0.53±0.55, respectively; the scores of VNS-1, VNS-2, and VNS-3 were 2.74±0.44, 3.69±0.46, and 3.84±0.37, respectively. The average surgical time was 17.47±3.44 minutes. Postoperative pathological results showed that the tumor positive rate of targeted prostate biopsy was 64.20%. According to the PI-RADS score for subgroup analysis, the tumor positive rates of patients with PI-RADS scores of 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 21.43%, 44.44%, 61.11%, and 96.77%, respectively. After transperineal prostate biopsy, gross hematuria occurred in 19.75% patients, and urinary retention occurred in 3.70%. The latter were relieved after symptomatic treatment. All patients did not experience complications, such as perineal puncture area hematoma, urinary tract infection, hematospermia, hematoma in perineal puncture area, urinary tract infection, hematospermia, vagus nerve reaction, or septic shock. Conclusion For suspected prostate cancer patients, mpMRI-TRUS image fusion targeted transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia is a feasible and easily tolerated surgical procedure. It has good safety and high tumor positive-detection rate, indicating that this technique is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.

Pediatricians' focus of sight at pain assessment during a neonatal heel puncture / Foco do olhar do pediatra na avaliação da dor neonatal durante uma punção de calcanhar

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the focus of pediatricians' gaze during the heel prick of neonates. Methods: Prospective study in which pediatricians wearing eye tracker glasses evaluated neonatal pain before/after a heel prtick. Pediatricians scored the pain they perceived in the neonate in a verbal analogue numerical scale (0=no pain; 10=maximum pain). The outcomes measured were number and time of visual fixations in upper face, lower face, and hands, in two 10-second periods, before (pre) and after the puncture (post). These outcomes were compared between the periods, and according to pediatricians' pain perception: absent/mild (score: 0-5) and moderate/intense (score: 6-10). Results: 24 pediatricians (31 years old, 92% female) evaluated 24 neonates. The median score attributed to neonatal pain during the heel prick was 7.0 (Interquartile range: 5-8). Compared to pre-, in the post-periods, more pediatricians fixed their gaze on the lower face (63 vs. 92%; p=0.036) and the number of visual fixations was greater on the lower face (2.0 vs. 5.0; p=0.018). There was no difference in the number and time of visual fixations according to the intensity of pain. Conclusions: At bedside, pediatricians change their focus of attention on the neonatal face after a painful procedure, focusing mainly on the lower part of the face.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o foco do olhar do pediatra durante a punção do calcanhar de neonatos. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo no qual pediatras, utilizando óculos de rastreamento visual, avaliaram a dor neonatal antes/depois de uma punção de calcanhar. Os pediatras pontuaram a dor de acordo com a sua percepção por meio de uma escala analógica verbal (0=sem dor; 10=dor máxima). Os desfechos analisados foram o número e o tempo das fixações visuais na face superior, face inferior e mãos, em dois períodos de 10 segundos, antes (PRÉ) e depois da punção (PÓS). Os resultados foram comparados entre os períodos e segundo a percepção da dor do pediatra: ausente/leve (escore: 0-5) e moderada/grave (escore: 6-10). Resultados: Vinte e quatro pediatras (31 anos, 92% sexo feminino) avaliaram 24 neonatos. A mediana do escore atribuído à dor do recém-nascido durante a punção do calcanhar foi 7,0 (intervalo interquartil: 5-8). Comparado ao período PRÉ, no período PÓS, o maior número de pediatras fixou o olhar na face inferior (63 vs. 92%; p=0,036) e o número de fixações visuais foi maior na face inferior (2,0 vs. 5,0; p=0,018). Não houve diferença no número e no tempo das fixações visuais de acordo com a intensidade da dor. Conclusões: À beira do leito, os pediatras mudam seu foco de atenção visual na face do recém-nascido após um procedimento doloroso, focando o olhar principalmente na parte inferior da face.

Myocardial strain analysis by 4D-speckle tracking echocardiography for prediction of coronary artery disease severity in patients with stable angina pectoris

Objective: We sought to evaluate the myocardial strain by four-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (4D-STE) in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) to determine the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on the Gensini score. Methods: The present study comprised of 150 patients with SAP. Patients with history of SAP, normal left ventricular ejection fraction, and without regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) were scheduled for elective coronary angiography. Based on Gensini score, there were two groups: non-critical stenosis group [Gensini score (0e19), n ¼ 117] and critical stenosis group [Gensini score 20, n ¼ 33]. Correlation between Gensini score and 4D-STE strain parameters were investigated. Results: Out of 150 patients, critical stenosis group had significantly depressed values of all 4D-STE strain parameters than non-critical stenosis group (p < 0.001), except global radial strain (GRS) parameter. Significant positive correlation was found between Gensini score and 4D global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS) with Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) as 0.626, 0.548, and 0.631, respectively (p < 0.001), whereas significant negative correlation was found between Gensini score and GRS (r ¼ 0.433, p < 0.001). A 4D GLS value of 17 had 84.9% sensitivity and 97.4% specificity, GAS 31 (90.9% sensitivity, 78.6% specificity), GCS 17 (69.7% sensitivity, 92.3% specificity), and GRS <47 (sensitivity 72.7%, specificity 76.1%) to detect critical CAD described by Gensini score 20. Conclusion: The 4D-STE can aid in the assessment of severe CAD stenosis with good sensitivity and specificity in the patients with SAP without RWMA on traditional echocardiography.

Subcostal right ventricular free wall strain in patients with pulmonary hypertension / Strain subcostal de la pared libre del ventriculo derecho en pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar

Abstract Right ventricular longitudinal strain (RVLS) is frequently used as a measure of right ventricular systolic function. Abnormal RV strain is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pulmonary hyper tension (PH); however, the measure is not always easy to obtain in patients with poor apical acoustic windows. Objective: This study aims to analyze the RVLS and determine if there is a difference when measured from the apical and subcostal views. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 22 adult outpatients (≥ 18 years old), 81% female, mean age 49.9 ± 17.3 years, with a diagnosis of PH using right heart catheterization, followed from January 2016 to January 2020. Results: RVLS measured in the RV free wall from the apical views was -15% (-19% to -10%) and subcostal views -14.5% (-18% to -11%) were highly correlated (Person's r = 0.969, p < 0.0001). Segment by segment analysis did not show significant differences either: basal four-chamber vs. sub costal view was -16.5% (-21% to -11%) vs. -15.5% (-20% to -11%), p = 0.99, mid four-chamber view vs. subcotal view was -16.5% (-21% to -12%) vs. -16.5% (-20% to -11%), p = 0.87, apical four-chamber view vs. subcostal view was -12% (-18% to -8%) vs. -13.5% (-19% to -10%), p = 0.93. Conclusion: Subcostal RVLS free wall is a feasible and accurate alternative to conventional RVLS free wall from the apical view in patients with pulmonary hypertension and could be useful in patients with poor acoustic apical four-chamber windows.

Resumen El strain longitudinal del ventrículo derecho (SLVD) permite medir la función sistólica del ventrículo derecho (VD). La disminución del strain (deformación) del VD se asocia con mal pronóstico en pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar (HP), pero no siempre es fácil de obtener en pacientes con mala ventana acústica apical. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el SLVD y determinar si las vistas apical y subcostal son comparables. Métodos: En este estudio transversal, se incluyeron 22 pacientes adultos ambulatorios (≥18 años), 81% mujeres, edad promedio 49.9 ± 17.3 años, con diagnóstico de HP mediante cateterismo cardíaco derecho, seguidos desde enero de 2016 hasta enero de 2020. Se midió la deformación de la pared libre del ventrículo derecho desde las vistas de cuatro cámaras apical y cuatro cámaras subcostal. Resultados: El SLVD medido en la pared libre del VD desde la vista apical fue -15% (-19% a -10%) vs. -14.5% (-18% a -11%) cuando se midió desde la vista subcostal (p = 0,99). El análisis segmento por s egmento tampoco mostró diferencias significativas: el segmento basal apical vs. subcostal fue -16.5% (-21% a -11%) vs. -15.5% (-20% a -11%), p = 0.99, el segmento medio apical vs. la vista subcotal fue -16.5% (-21% a -12%) vs. a -16.5% (-20% a -11%), p = 0.87, el segmento apical vs. la vista subcostal fue -12% (-18% a -8%) frente a -13.5% (-19% a -10%), p = 0.93. Conclusión: En pacientes con HP, el SLVD obtenido en la pared libre subcostal es una alternativa útil en los casos con ventana acústica apical subóptima.

Social cognition in individuals with schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder and controls / Cognição social em indivíduos saudáveis, com esquizofrenia e com transtorno do espectro do autismo

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the social cognition profiles of male adults with ASD (n = 15), SCHZ (n = 16) and controls (n = 20). Change the second sentence of the abstract. Methods: A cross-sectional assessment of social cognition domains with emotional face perception with eye tracking was performed, and two IQ measures (Verbal IQ and Performance IQ) (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), and the DSM-IV Structured Clinical Interview were applied. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of average performance in social cognition tests or eye tracking tasks between the ASD and SCHZ groups. However, both had lower performances in most cases when compared to the control group. In the social cognition tasks, individuals in the control group performed better than both clinical groups. Conclusion: Although differences were identified between individuals with ASD and SCHZ, it was not possible to determine patterns or to differentiate the clinical groups.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os perfis de cognição social de adultos do sexo masculino com TEA (n = 15), SCHZ (n = 16) e controles (n = 20). Métodos: Foram aplicadas uma avaliação transversal dos domínios de cognição social com percepção emocional com rastreamento ocular, duas medidas de QI (QI verbal e QI de desempenho) (Escala de Inteligência Adulta de Wechsler) e a Entrevista Clínica Estruturada DSM-IV. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas em termos de desempenho médio em testes de cognição social ou tarefas de rastreamento ocular entre os grupos ASD e SCHZ. No entanto, ambos tiveram desempenhos mais baixos na maioria dos casos, quando comparados ao grupo controle. Nas tarefas de cognição social, os indivíduos do grupo controle tiveram melhor desempenho do que ambos os grupos clínicos. Conclusão: Embora tenham sido identificadas diferenças entre indivíduos com TEA e SCHZ, não foi possível determinar padrões ou diferenciar os grupos clínicos.

Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Cases with Liver Cirrhosis

Background: Cirrhosis is a long-term inflammatory process of hepatic tissue condition that mainly affects people aged 50 to 60. This study aims to assess Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in cases with cirrhotic liver by conventional, tissue Doppler and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography to clarify the correlation between the severity of cirrhotic liver and LVDD. Methods: A prospective case-control research involved 100 adult cases with confirmed HCV and HBV. Cases were divided into 4 equal group: Group A: Child A cases, group B: Child B cases, group C: Child C cases and group D (Controls): healthy non-hepatic subjects of the same age and sex who have normal blood pressure, nonsmoking participants with no further concomitant problems. Results: Number of cases with LVDD had a statistical noticeable increase in Child A, B, and C (p =0.004, <0.001, and <0.001 respectively. LAVi had a statistical noticeable increase in Child C / B (p =0.013 and p =0.014). Conclusion: Left atrial volume index (LAVi) had a statistical noticeable increase in Child C / B in comparison to the controls but E m, E l were statistical noticeable lower in Child C / B. /E had a statistical noticeable increase in Child C group, LVSRe had a statistical noticeable decrease in Child C group but it was insignificantly different across Child A / B/ C and controls and across Child B / C and controls.

A markerless beam's eye view tumor tracking algorithm based on structure conversion and demons registration in medical image / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To propose a markerless beam's eye view (BEV) tumor tracking algorithm, which can be applied to megavolt (MV) images with poor image quality, multi-leaf collimator (MLC) occlusion and non-rigid deformation.Methods:Window template matching, image structure transformation and demons non-rigid registration method were used to solve the registration problem in MV images. The quality assurance (QA) plan was generated in the phantom and executed after manually setting the treatment offset on the accelerator, and 682 electronic portal imaging device (EPID) images in the treatment process were collected as fixed images. Meanwhile, the digitally reconstructured radiograph (DRR) images corresponding to the field angle in the planning system were collected as floating images to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. In addition, a total of 533 images were collected from 21 cases of lung tumor treatment data for tumor tracking study, providing quantitative results of tumor location changes during treatment. Image similarity was used for third-party verification of tracking results.Results:The algorithm could cope with different degrees (10%-80%) of image missing. In the phantom verification, 86.8% of the tracking errors were less than 3 mm, and 80% were less than 2 mm. Normalized mutual information (NMI) varied from 1.182±0.026 to 1.202±0.027 ( P<0.005) before and after registration and the change of Hausdorff distance (HD) was from 57.767±6.474 to 56.664±6.733 ( P<0.005). The case results were predominantly translational (-6.0 mm to 6.2 mm), but non-rigid deformation still existed. NMI varied from 1.216±0.031 to 1.225±0.031 ( P<0.005) before and after registration and the change of HD was from 46.384±7.698 to 45.691±8.089 ( P<0.005). Conclusions:The proposed algorithm can cope with different degrees of image missing and performs well in non-rigid registration with data missing images which can be applied in different radiotherapy technologies. It provides a reference idea for processing MV images with multi-modality, partial data and poor image quality.

Impaired myocardial structure and function assessment by cardiac MR in Takayasu arteritis with pulmonary artery involvement / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To analyze the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) manifestations, cardiac function, and myocardial strain by feature tracking (FT) in Takayasu arteritis (TA) with pulmonary artery involvement (PTA) using cardiac MR (CMR), and then to investigate manifestations of the impaired myocardial structure and function.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 32 patients with PTA and 21 healthy subjects without cardiopulmonary diseases from January 2017 to December 2020. All of them underwent CMR examinations. According to the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH),PTA patients were divided into two groups including PAH group (11 cases) and non-PAH group (21 cases). LGE manifestations were observed and Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis between the two groups. Cardiac function parameters and FT values including global peak strain of the left and right ventricle were calculated separately in PAH, non-PAH group of patients and healthy controls, using One-way ANOVA or non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test for statistical analysis including a pairwise comparison between groups. The correlations between FT values of the PAH group and parameters measured by right heart catheterization test (RHC) and transthoracic echocardiography were analyzed using Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis.Results:There were 23 PTA patients (71.9%) with LGE. LGE in the interventricular insertion points (IPs)(11/11), and in the mid-wall (11/11) or epicardial (10/11) myocardium was more common ( P values were 0.006,<0.001 and 0.011, respectively) in PAH group, compared with LGE in the IPs (11/21), and in the mid-wall (7/21) or epicardial (9/21) myocardium in non-PAH group. The absolute values of left ventricular global peak circumferential strain (LVGPCS), left ventricular global peak longitudinal strain (LVGPLS) and right ventricular global peak longitudinal strain in PAH group were smaller than those in healthy subjects ( P<0.05). The absolute values of LVGPCS and LVGPLS in non-PAH group were smaller than those in healthy subjects ( P<0.05). In PAH group, mean pulmonary artery pressure of RHC was correlated with several FT parameters ( P<0.05), especially left ventricular global peak radial strain ( r=-0.807, P=0.009) and LVGPCS ( r s=0.817, P=0.007). Conclusions:Myocardial injury can be seen in PTA patients. And LGE in the IPs and LGE in the mid-wall or epicardial myocardium is more common in PTA patients with PAH. LVGPCS and LVGPLS can early indicate left heart dysfunction in PTA patients without PAH.

Quantitative evaluation of right atrial function in fetuses with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in measuring the global longitudinal peak strain of the right atrium (PRAGLS) in normal fetuses and evaluating PRAGLS in assessing right atrial function in fetuses with moderate and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR).Methods:A total of 25 fetuses diagnosed with moderate and severe TR, who underwent fetal echocardiography at Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine between October 2020 and May 2022, were selected as the case group. Their gestational age ranged from 25.00(24.00, 30.00)weeks. Additionally, 100 normal singleton fetuses were chosen as the control group, with a gestational age of 25.83(23.00, 28.75)weeks. Standard basal or apical four-chamber clips were acquired and inputted into TOMTEC-ARENA offline cardiac analysis software for analysis. The fetal PRAGLS values of the two groups were obtained, as well as the routine obstetric ultrasound measurements and fetal echocardiographic parameters of both groups: fetal heart rate (FHR), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), aortic annulus inner diameter (AO), pulmonary annulus inner diameter (PA), PA/AO ratio, right atrial end-systolic length (RAESL), right atrial end-systolic diameter (RAESD), right atrial end-systolic area (RAESA), right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD), and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). The peak TR velocity and pressure gradient were simultaneously measured in the case group.The differences in fetal PRAGLS and other parameters between the two groups were compared and analyzed. The correlation between fetal PRAGLS and gestational age (GA) and routine measurements was assessed for both groups. Intra- and inter-observer repeatability tests were conducted using the intragroup correlation coefficient (ICC).Results:A significant difference in PRAGLS was observed between the two groups ( t=11.55, P<0.01). The TAPSE difference between the two groups was also statistically significant ( Z=3.45, P=0.01). Notable differences were found in AO, PA, PA/AO, RAESL, RAESD, and RAESA between the two groups (all P<0.05), but no significant differences were identified in age, GA, FHR, BPD, FL, and RVEDD between the two groups (all P>0.05). PRAGLS in the control group exhibited a moderate negative correlation with GA ( r=-0.47, P<0.01) and were correlated with BPD, FL, AO, PA, RAESL, RAESD, RAESA, and RVEDD ( r=-0.50, -0.46, -0.39, -0.43, -0.45, -0.36, -0.43, -0.32, all P<0.05). No significant correlation was observed with maternal age, FHR, PA/AO, and TAPSE (all P>0.05). No significant correlation between PRAGLS and GA or other conventional parameters was found in the case group (all P>0.05). The inter-measurer and intra-measurer ICC of PRAGLS in the control group were 0.87 and 0.79, respectively, while the inter-measurer and intra-measurer ICC of PRAGLS in the case group were 0.94 and 0.97, respectively, demonstrating good consistency. Conclusions:2D-STE exhibits strong feasibility and reproducibility in assessing fetal atrial function.Fetuses with moderate and severe TR display decreased PRAGLS, suggesting impaired right atrial reservoir function. Right atrial strain introduces a novel method for evaluating fetal cardiac function.

Preliminary study of cardiac morphology and function in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot using fetal heart quantification / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the fetal heart shape and function in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) by fetal heart quantitative analysis (fetal HQ).Methods:A total of 52 fetuses with TOF diagnosed by fetal echocardiography and 200 normal fetuses matched with their gestational weeks from March 2020 to March 2022 at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University were retrospectively evaluated. The basic parameters of fetal cardiac blood vessels in the two groups were measured by fetal HQ technology and conventional M-mode ultrasound technology: aortic valve diameter(AV), pulmonary artery valve diameter(PV), main pulmonary artery diameter (MPA) and Z-score. The overall morphometric measurements including end-diastolic length diameter, transverse diameter, area, and global spherical index (GSI) of the fetal heart in the 4-chamber view(4CV), area and length of the right and left ventricles and their ratios. Measurements of left and right ventricular function included ejection fraction (EF), fraction area change rate (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), left and right ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (ED), spherical index (SI), and fractional shortening rate (FS) of 24-segments. The differences of above parameters between TOF group and control group were compared. In addition, the relationships between the absolute value of left and right ventricular GLS of TOF fetus and PV/AV, PV Z-score and MPA Z-score were analyzed. The optimal critical values of GSI, left ventricular EF and left ventricular FAC of TOF fetus were determined by ROC curve, and their corresponding sensitivity and specificity were obtained.Results:Compared with control group, there were significant differences in 4CV end-diastolic length, area, GSI, left ventricular area, left ventricular length, left ventricular EF, left ventricular FAC and left ventricular GLS in TOF group (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in ED between left ventricular 15-24 segments and right ventricular 1-21 segments (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in SI between left ventricular 1-16 segments, 21-24 segments and all segments of right ventricle (all P<0.05). The differences in FS were statistically significant (all P<0.05) when comparing all segments of the left ventricle and 1-2 segments of the right ventricular, and the remaining parameters were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The left ventricular GLS absolute value of TOF fetuses was positively correlated with PV/AV, PV Z-score and MPA Z-score( rs=0.338, 0.441 and 0.458, all P<0.05), the right ventricular GLS absolute value of TOF fetuses was positively correlated with PV AV, PV Z-score and MPA Z-score( rs=0.418, 0.368 and 0.338, all P<0.05). The optimal critical values of GSI, left ventricular EF, and left ventricular FAC in the diagnosis of fetal TOF were 1.19, 59.05%, and 44.4%, respectively. At this time, the sensitivities of diagnosis of TOF were 0.78, 0.75, and 0.80, respectively. The specificities were 0.88, 0.88 and 0.83, respectively. The areas under ROC curve were 0.89, 0.88 and 0.89, respectively. Conclusions:Fetal HQ technology can provide a simple and reliable quantitative evaluation of fetal heart shape and function, and provide certain theoretical parameters for the study of fetal heart shape and function.

An eye movement study on attention bias to emotional face of depressed college students with alexithymia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the characteristics of attentional bias to emotional faces of depressed college students with alexithymia.Methods:Using self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the twenty-item Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS-20), 25 low alexithymic-currently depressed undergraduates (LA-CD group), 33 low alexithymic-non depressed undergraduates(LA-ND group) and 23 high alexithymic-currently depressed undergraduates(HA-CD group) were selected from 885 valid questionnaires.Using eye tracking system, emotional face pictures were selected as stimulus materials, and the relative gaze time(attention bias score) of experimental participants was analyzed by statistical methods such as covariance analysis and adjustment analysis to explore the attentional bias of depressed college students with alexithymia.Results:(1) Under the low level of alexithymia, there was significant difference in attentional bias between college students in depression group (-0.23±0.18) and non-depressed group (0.06±0.11) ( F=55.876, P<0.01). (2) There were significant differences in relative attention bias among LA-CD group (-0.234±0.150), HA-CD group(-0.070±0.153) and LA-ND group (0.064±0.149) ( F(2, 78)=27.685, P<0.01). According to Bonferroni test, compared to the LA-CD group, the HA-CD group and LA-ND group showed less negative attentional bias.(3) The interaction between total SDS score and total TAS-20 score showed significant difference.Alexithymia played a regulatory role between total SDS score and attentional bias( β=0.333, t=3.345, P<0.01). Conclusion:Both the depressed college students with high alexithymia and the non-depressed college students with low alexithymia show less negative attentional bias.Alexithymia plays a regulatory role between depression and attentional bias.

Research on the effect of emergency rescue ability training for nurses in operating room based on video tracking method / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of emergency rescue ability training of operating room nurses based on video tracking method, and provide reference for improving emergency ability of operating room nurses.Methods:This study was a quasi-experimental study. In March 2021, 85 nurses working in the Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery of the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were selected by cluster sampling method. We implemented a training program of rescue emergency ability based on video tracking and adopted the inspection list of rescue emergency ability assessment and doctors′ satisfaction questionnaire of operating room nurses to evaluate the scores of each item in the nurses' rescue emergency ability list and doctors' satisfaction of rescue cooperation of operating room nurses.Results:The scores of the dimensions of recognition of fatal arrhythmias, fatal arrhythmia, several situations that can directly call help, writing of emergency state nursing records and handover of medical records, use of defibrillator, correct use and maintenance of negative pressure attraction, use and management of rescue vehicle and situation disposal in the inspection list of rescue ability after training were 9.80 ± 1.61, 26.06 ± 2.20, 17.34 ± 1.29, 13.00 ± 1.57, 7.35 ± 0.74, 10.24 ± 1.14, 33.89 ± 2.73, which were higher than before training 9.24 ± 1.18, 24.92 ± 2.15, 15.69 ± 1.92, 12.21 ± 1.66, 6.55 ± 0.92, 8.94 ± 1.32, 32.94 ± 2.20. The differences were statistically significant ( t values were -6.83 to -2.51, all P<0.05); after the training, in the questionnaire of doctors' satisfaction with nurses, surgical materials and instruments preparation, first aid skill operating level, attention to surgical progress, active and correct delivery, orderly and busy, coordination and communication ability, professional knowledge, evaluation ability and foresight, ability to deal with emergencies, clear division of labor and good cooperation, and responsibility scores were 4.22 ± 0.58, 4.52 ± 0.54, 4.53 ± 0.47, 4.43 ± 0.58, 4.44 ± 0.44, 4.37 ± 0. 59, 4.45 ± 0.51, 4.51 ± 0.53, 4.51 ± 0.57, 4.17 ± 0.63, which were higher than the pre-training 4.05 ± 0.58, 4.38 ± 0.56, 4.26 ± 0.76, 4.04 ± 0.67, 4.25 ± 0.62, 4.19 ± 0.74, 4.25 ± 0.74, 4.34 ± 0.67, 4.21 ± 0.84 and 3.56 ± 0.58. All differences were statistically significant ( t values were -8.22 to -2.10, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The training method based on video tracking method improved the emergency rescue ability of operating room nurses and the doctor's satisfaction with rescue cooperation, and provided a reference for the training of operating room nurses.

Cardiac magnetic resonance-feature tracking technique can assess cardiac function and prognosis in patients with myocardial amyloidosis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To quantitatively assess cardiac functions in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) using cardiac magnetic resonance-feature tracking (CMR-FT) technique and evaluate the prognostic value of CMR-FT in patients with CA.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively collected the data from 31 CA patients with systemic amyloidosis confirmed by Congo red staining and serum immunohistochemistry after extracardiac tissue biopsy undergoing CMR at our hospital from March, 2013 to June, 2021.Thirty-one age and gender matched patients with asymmetric left ventricular wall hypertrophy and 31 healthy individuals without organic or functional heart disease served as the controls.Radial, circumferential and longitudinal strains and strain rates of the left ventricle at the global level and in each myocardial segment (basal, middle and apical) were obtained with CMR-FT technique and compared among the 3 groups.The predictive value of myocardial strains and strain rates for all-cause mortality in CA patients was analyzed using a stepwise COX regression model.@*RESULTS@#The left ventricular volume, myocardial mass, ejection fraction and cardiac output differed significantly among the groups (P < 0.05).Except for apical longitudinal strain, the global and segmental strains were all significantly lower in CA group than in HCM group (P < 0.05).The global and segmental strains were all significantly lower in CA group than in the healthy individuals (P < 0.05).The basal strain rates in the 3 directions were significantly lower in CA group than in the healthy individuals (P < 0.05), but the difference in apical strain rates was not statistically significant between the two groups.Multivariate stepwise COX analysis showed that troponin T (HR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.01-1.10, P=0.017) and middle peak diastolic circumferential strain rate (HR=6.87, 95%CI: 1.52-31.06, P=0.012) were strong predictors of death in CA patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Strain and strain rate parameters derived from CMR-FT based on cine sequences are new noninvasive imaging markers for assessing cardiac impairment in CA and cardiac function changes in HCM, and provide independent predictive information for all-cause mortality in CA patients.

Analysis of tracking evaluation results of Radiation Shielding Specification for Radiotherapy Room, Part 3: Radiotherapy Room of γ-Ray Sources (GBZ/T 201.3—2014): Relevant personnel in medical institutions / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigate the awareness, implementation, and application of the Radiation Shielding Specification for Radiotherapy Room, Part 3: Radiotherapy Room of γ-Ray Sources (GBZ/T201.3—2014) by medical institution personnel, to collect problems and recommendations, and to provide a scientific basis for further amendments and implementation of the standard. Methods A questionnaire survey about the awareness, training and application situation and the modification advices of the standard was conducted among practitioners engaged in the production, use, and machine room design related to γ-ray source radiotherapy equipment (collectively referred to as medical institution personnel) in 12 provinces and direct-administered municipalities in China. The questionnaires were collected and a special Excel database was set up for statistical analysis using SPSS 22.0. Results A total of 126 practitioners responded and completed the questionnaire. Approximately 75.4% of respondents indicated that they either “understood” or “understood well” the standard; 42.86% received relevant training; 45.24% and 54.76% indicated that the standard “met” or “basically met” the requirements of detection of γ-ray radiotherapy equipment shielding or design of shielding room. The standard was highly evaluated for suitability. However, the awareness of the standard was inadequate, the rate of training participation was low, and its practical application was limited. Conclusion The standard generally aligns with the requirements for shielding room design in γ-ray radiotherapy. Some revisions should be done according to the current situation of γ-ray radiotherapy.

Tracking evaluation on the implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) in Sichuan and Anhui provinces / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

To evaluate the implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) in schistosomiasis-endemic foci, two schistosomiasis-endemic counties were selected from two provinces of Sichuan and Anhui. Professional staff working in province-, city-, county- and township-level disease control and prevention institutions, parasitic disease control institutions or medical institutions were recruited, and the understanding, use and implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) were investigated using questionnaires and interviews. The awareness, use, proportion of propagation and implementation and correct rate of answering questions pertaining to Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) were analyzed. A total of 270 questionnaires were allocated, and 269 were recovered, including 254 valid questionnaires. The overall awareness of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) was 84.64% (215/254), and propagation and implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) was not performed in 23.28% (17/73) of the survey institutions following implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017), with meeting training and allocation of propagation materials as the main type of propagation and implementation. Among 254 respondents, 77.16% (196/254) were familiar with the standard, 66.14% (168/254) understood the conditions for use of the standard during snail surveys, and 96.85% (246/254) had the approach for identifying snails. In addition, there were 41.73% (106/254), 50.78% (129/254) and 7.48% (19/254) of respondents that considered the operability of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) was very good, good and general, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the issue and implementation of Survey of oncomelanid snails (WS/T 563—2017) has filled the gap for the standardization of snail control techniques, and which plays an importang guiding role in the national schistosomiasis control program.

Relationship of Microvascular Obstruction with Global and Regional Myocardial Function Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance after ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To investigate the impact of microvascular obstruction (MVO) on the global and regional myocardial function by cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking (CMR-FT) in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods Consecutive acute STEMI patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging 1 - 7 days after successful reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention treatment were included in this retrospective study. Based on the presence or absence of MVO on late gadolinium enhancement images, patients were divided into groups with MVO and without MVO. The infarct zone, adjacent zone, and remote zone were determined based on a myocardial 16-segment model. The radial strain (RS), circumferential strain (CS), and longitudinal strain (LS) of the global left ventricle (LV) and the infarct, adjacent, and remote zones were measured by CMR-FT from cine images and compared between patients with and without MVO using independent-samples t-test. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of MVO with the impaired LV function.Results A total of 157 STEMI patients (mean age 56.66 ± 11.38 years) were enrolled. MVO was detected in 37.58% (59/157) of STEMI patients, and the mean size of MVO was 3.00 ±3.76 mL. Compared with patients without MVO (n =98 ), the MVO group had significantly reduced LV global RS (t= -4.30, P < 0.001), global CS (t= 4.99, P < 0.001), and global LS ( t= 3.51, P = 0.001). The RS and CS of the infarct zone in patients with MVO were significantly reduced (t= -3.38, P = 0.001; t= 2.64, P = 0.01; respectively) and the infarct size was significantly larger (t= 8.37, P < 0.001) than that of patients without MVO. The presence of LV MVO [OR= 4.10, 95%CI: 2.05 - 8.19, P<0.001) and its size [OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.10-1.72, P=0.01], along with the heart rate and LV infarct size were significantly associated with impaired LV global CS in univariable Logistic regression analysis, while only heart rate (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.03 - 1.13, P=0.001) and LV infarct size (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.03 - 1.16, P=0.003) were independent influencing factors for the impaired LV global CS in multivariable Logistic regression analysis.Conclusion The infarct size was larger in STEMI patients with MVO, and MVO deteriorates the global and regional LV myocardial function.

Implementing lifestyle changes and diet- tracking APP in an obese male: A case report

@#Obesity is an epidemic and a major public health concern, with 800 million obese people worldwide and 27 million in the Philippines. Several guidelines have recommended that all adults be screened for obesity and that obese patients be offered intensive, multi-component behavioral interventions. Barriers to addressing obesity include insufficient time during visits, a lack of available referral services, the perception that patients will not be willing or able to make lifestyle changes, poor reimbursement for nutrition and weight-management counseling, a reluctance to discuss weight among physicians, and uncertainty about whether interventions will have a positive impact. Lifestyle medicine interventions and smartphone diet-tracking apps may help individuals lose weight, manage chronic conditions, and understand dietary patterns. This is a case report of a 31-year-old obese Filipino male who sought consultation at the Health and Lifestyle Institute with a complaint of 11 kg of weight gain over the past 4 years. He had previously been diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and had previously undergone chemotherapy and radiation therapy. He was currently working as a resident physician at a private institution. He considered himself physically active and was thus concerned with his gradual weight gain and the resultant decrease in body image, as well as his overall health. A detailed history and physical examination were done, as were the examinations of the six pillars of lifestyle medicine, namely, diet, exercise, sleep, stress, relationships, and substance use. The GAD 7 and PHQ 9 screening questionnaires were given. Lifestyle prescription and setting of goals were then done, and the patient was followed up at a 4-month interval. On all visits, body fat analysis using a Karada scan was done, and the results were discussed with the patient. On the second follow-up consult, the patient reported the usefulness of a diet-tracking application he found called Lifesum. The patient lost a total of 13 kg and improved his overall sense of well-being.

Noninvasive Tracking of Every Individual in Unmarked Mouse Groups Using Multi-Camera Fusion and Deep Learning / 神经科学通报·英文版

Accurate and efficient methods for identifying and tracking each animal in a group are needed to study complex behaviors and social interactions. Traditional tracking methods (e.g., marking each animal with dye or surgically implanting microchips) can be invasive and may have an impact on the social behavior being measured. To overcome these shortcomings, video-based methods for tracking unmarked animals, such as fruit flies and zebrafish, have been developed. However, tracking individual mice in a group remains a challenging problem because of their flexible body and complicated interaction patterns. In this study, we report the development of a multi-object tracker for mice that uses the Faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) deep learning algorithm with geometric transformations in combination with multi-camera/multi-image fusion technology. The system successfully tracked every individual in groups of unmarked mice and was applied to investigate chasing behavior. The proposed system constitutes a step forward in the noninvasive tracking of individual mice engaged in social behavior.

Correlation between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Early detection of asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction is essential to prevent the development of heart failure in hypertensive patients. Current studies suggest that left atrial strain contributes to the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function, but there are fewer studies on the correlation between left atrial strain and diastolic function in hypertensive patients. In this study, we applied a two-dimensional speckle tracking technique to evaluate the changes in left atrial strain in hypertensive patients, and to investigate the relationship between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function.@*METHODS@#A total of 82 hypertensive patients who were visited the Department of Cardiology at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2021 to January 2022, were enrolled for this study, and 59 healthy subjects served as a control group. According to the number of left ventricular diastolic function indexes recommended by the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography Diastolic Function Guidelines (mitral annular e´ velocity: Septal e´<7 cm/s, lateral e´<10 cm/s, E/e´ ratio>14, left atrial volume index>34 mL/m2, peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity>2.8 m/s), the hypertensive patients were divided into 3 groups: Group Ⅰ (0 index, n=36 ), Group Ⅱ (1 index, n=39), and Group Ⅲ (2 indexes, n=7). Two-dimensional speckle tracking technique was used to measure left atrial reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain, and contraction strain, and to analyze the correlation between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients.@*RESULTS@#The LASr, left atrial conduit strain (LAScd), and LASr/(E/septal e´) of the hypertension group were lower than those of the control group, and E/LASr was higher than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in left atrium volume index between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Compared with Group Ⅰ, LASr, LAScd, and LASr/(E/septal e´) were decreased in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ, LASr/(E/septal e´) was also decreased in Group Ⅲ compared with Group Ⅱ (all P<0.05). Compared with Group Ⅰ, E/LASr was increased in Group Ⅲ. LASr was positively correlated with septal e´, lateral e´, E, and E/A, and negatively correlated with E/septal e´.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The changes of left atrial function in patients with early hypertension are earlier than those of left atrial structure. Left atrial strain and its combination with conventional ultrasonographic indices [LASr/(E/septal e´)] of diastolic function are potentially useful in assessing left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients.

Corpo afetado: uma experiência de autorrastreamento com uma tecnologia vestível / Affected body: a self-tracking experience with a wearable technology / Cuerpo afectado: una experiencia de autoseguimiento con una tecnología vestible

RESUMO Este artigo explora a produção de significados sobre prática de dados na cultura digital a partir de uma experiência de autorrastreamento de exercícios físicos. O objetivo é problematizar a emergência de um corpo que afetou e foi afetado por uma tecnologia vestível durante uma experiência de autorrastreamento. Metodologicamente, o trabalho seguiu o formato de um relato ator-rede pautado por uma vivência de autorrastreamento. Em sua composição analítica-descritiva, o texto articula elementos da Teoria Ator-Rede e conceitos que enredam estudos de autorrastreamento como prática de dados. Foi possível identificar mobilizadores do "faz-fazer" produzido nas múltiplas afetações de um corpo híbrido, performativo e sensível às diferenças registradas no mundo.

ABSTRACT This article explores the production of meanings about data practices in digital culture based on an experience of self-tracking physical exercises. The aim is to problematize the emergence of a body that affected and was affected by a wearable technology during a self-tracking experience. Methodologically, the work followed the format of an actor-network report guided by an experience of self-tracking. In its analytical-descriptive composition, the text articulates elements of the Actor-Network Theory and concepts that entangle self-tracking studies as a data practice. It was possible to identify mobilizers of the "making-do" produced in the multiple affectations of a hybrid body, performative and sensitive to the differences registered in the world.

RESUMEN Este artículo explora la producción de significados sobre práctica de datos en la cultura digital a partir de una experiencia de autoseguimiento de ejercicios físicos. El objetivo es problematizar la emergencia de un cuerpo que afectó y fue afectado por una tecnología vestible durante una experiencia de autoseguimiento. Metodológicamente, el trabajo siguió el formato de un informe actor-red pautado por una experiencia de autoseguimiento. En su composición analítico-descriptiva, el texto articula elementos de la Teoría del Actor-Red y conceptos que enredan estudios de autoseguimiento como práctica de datos. Fue posible identificar movilizadores del 'hace-hacer' producido en las múltiples afectaciones de un cuerpo híbrido, performativo y sensible a las diferencias registradas en el mundo.