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ObjectiveTo analyze and summarize the medication rules of different Pinelliae Rhizoma processed products in the syndrome differentiation and treatment of insomnia using data mining. MethodThe literature on the treatment of insomnia with Pinelliae Rhizoma was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP， and PubMed databases over the past 10 years. An Excel database was constructed to record the prescriptions of different Pinelliae Rhizoma processed products in the treatment of insomnia. SPSS 26.0 software was used for frequency analysis of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes related to insomnia， compatibility of drugs， drug effects， and properties. SPSS 26.0 was also used for cluster analysis， factor analysis， and IBM Modeler 18.0 plugin for association rule analysis of the core compatibility of different Pinelliae Rhizoma processed products and combinations. ResultAfter applying inclusion and exclusion criteria， 125 relevant articles were finally included. The commonly used processed products of Pinelliae Rhizoma in the treatment of insomnia were Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum， Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine， and Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Alumine. Among them， Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum was the most frequently used. All three processed products of Pinelliae Rhizoma were often used for insomnia with such TCM syndromes as phlegm-heat disturbing the heart， phlegm-dampness obstructing the interior， and liver Qi stagnation. The compatible drugs were sweet， bitter， and pungent in flavor， cold in nature， and acted on the lung， spleen， heart， and liver meridians， with functions of nourishing deficiency， clearing heat， and calming the mind. The common prescriptions used were Wendantang， Chaihu Longgu Mulitang， Banxia Xiexintang， and Xiaochaihutang， with doses ranging from 6 to 30 g. The core drug combinations were Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum-Poria-Ziziphi Spinosae Semen， Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Zingibere et Alumine-Jujubae Fructus-Codonopsis Radix， and Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine-Scutellariae Radix-Bupleuri Radix. ConclusionThis study， for the first time， analyzed and summarized the compatibility and prescription application rules of commonly used processed products of Pinelliae Rhizoma in the treatment of insomnia from the perspective of TCM syndrome differentiation， which provides a theoretical basis for the rational， safe， and effective use of Pinelliae Rhizoma in the treatment of insomnia in TCM.
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Chief physician Wang Fade is involved in the third and fourth batches of instructors to inherit the academic experiences of veteran Chinese medicine in China, and he is good at treating stroke and related diseases. The stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) refers to the stroke patients originally without pulmonary infection contract the pulmonary parenchymal inflammatory infection, and the stroke patients are in the SAP onset crowd group. There is no name of SAP in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Chief physician Wang Fade believes that SAP belongs to the categories of "cough syndrome" or "asthma syndrome" in TCM. From the etiological analysis, SAP is neither due to external cause nor internal cause, but belongs to not internal and external cause. Strictly speaking, SAP is due to an external cause. The pathogenesis of SAP is due to the mistake of inhalation and accumulation, evil toxins directly enter into the lungs, obstructing the lung qi, transforming into heat and production of phlegm, phlegm and heat together forming obstruction of Qi mechanism, inducing loss of lung clearance, leading to the occurrence of cough, asthma, phlegm, fever and other syndromes. Although the location of SAP is mainly in the lungs, the spleen, stomach, liver, kidney, large intestine and other visceral organs can also be involved. According to clinical experiences, SAP can be divided into 3 types of syndrome: phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, phlegm-dampness obstructing the lung and lung-yin deficiency. In the treatment of acute stage, eliminating pathogens is the main method, such as clearing heat, resolving phlegm, eliminating dampness and depressing qi, etc, while in the middle and late stages, eliminating pathogens and strengthening qi are combined. According to which being the priority, the healthy energy or the evil, the following measures can be used: when evil being significant in the disease and the patient's health basically alright, eliminating evil is the main therapy and promoting the healthy energy secondary; when the evil is not very obvious in the disease, and the patient's general condition is relatively weak, consolidating the healthy energy is the main therapy, and eliminating evil secondary.
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Acute lung injury (ALI) and its evoked acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the main causes of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in many clinical severe diseases, so that ALI is one of the clinical serious respiratory diseases. The mortality of ALI is persisting at high level without any lowering. And its basic pathological manifestations often show injury of pulmonary capillary membrane caused by uncontrolled inflammation, pulmonary edema and formation of transparent membrane. In this article, from the point of view of inflammation, oxidation stress, cell apoptosis, autophagy, etc to comprehensively summarize the pathogenesis of ALI, explaining the relationships between the occurrence of ALI and the uncontrolled inflammation, cytokines release, the unbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation system, and different inducing factors leading to cellular autophagy. Moreover, the general research situation of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal compound prescription for treatment of ALI was summarized. According to the TCM theory of "lung and the large intestine being interior-exteriorly related", the TCM method of Xuanfeitongfu method was proposed to be used for prevention and treatment of ALI, and from the point of view of inflammatory reaction regulation and autophagy pathway, the theoretical connotation was revealed, aiming to provide a direction for basic research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of ALI.
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[Objective] To expound the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure by tranditional Chinese and western medicine, to make the syndrome differentiation and treatment more accurate and the efficacy better. [Method] The progression of chronic heart failure can be divided into four stages, to combine the tranditional Chinese and western medicine to use the traditional Chinese theory to treat the four stages. [Result] Pre-heart failure and pre-clinical heart failure most belong to Qi deficiency of heart and lung syndrome, deficiencies of Qi and Yin syndrome; Clinical heart failure belongs to Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, turbid-phlegm and water-rheum collecting internally syndrome; refractory end-stage heart failure belongs to heart-kidney Yang deficiency and water flooding syndrome, spleen-kidney Yang deficiency and endogenous turbid-phlegm syndrome, even depletion of Yin and Yang syndrome.[Conclusion] The pattern of diagnosis and treatment of combind tranditional Chinese and western medicine is the result of the development of modern medicine which contributes to the diagnosis of tradition Chinese medicine. This paper expounds the syndrome differentiation and treatment based on the western medical staging to make the syndrome differentiation and treatment accuracy and the curative effect better.
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Objective From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation to investigate the blood glucose control strategies of patients with different etiological factors and treated by mechanical ventilation.Methods One hundred and twenty-six mechanical ventilation patients admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Hangzhou Third People's Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled, they were divided into a heart failure group (64 cases) and a pneumonia group (62 cases) according to the cause of disease. Altogether 4 cases due to death, giving up the treatment or being transferred to other hospital were excluded in each group, thus, 60 cases in heart failure group and 58 cases in pneumonia group were finally enrolled. Both groups received at least 4 days of formal blood glucose monitoring and control program. The differences in TCM syndromes, the number of patients necessary to use insulin to control the blood glucose, the daily use of insulin dosage, the incidence of hypoglycemia and prognosis of patients were compared between the two groups.Results According to TCM syndrome differentiation, deficiency was the primary syndrome in the heart failure group, while in the pneumonia group, excess was the primary syndrome, the proportion of deficiency syndrome in heart failure group was significantly higher than that in the pneumonia group [63.33% (38/60) vs. 31.03% (18/58),P < 0.05]. Within 4 days, the incidence of hyperglycemia [50.0% (29/58) vs. 13.3% (8/60)], daily insulin dose (U/d: 85.35±6.35 vs. 20.13±8.20) in pneumonia group were higher than those in the heart failure group (bothP < 0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in heart failure group was higher than that in pneumonia group [16.67% (10/60) vs. 3.45% (2/58),P < 0.01].Conclusions It is necessary to use different blood glucose control strategies in patients with heart failure and pneumonia to undergo mechanical ventilation, and the TCM syndrome differentiation can provide theoretical references.
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Objective To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy on serum thromboxane A2 (TXA2), prostacyclin (PGI2) and platelet activating factor (PAF) levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods Ninety patients with AP admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM from January 2016 to March 2017, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random numbers generated by computer inpatients, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine treatment of western medicine, and the observation group was given TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy according to the patient's disease individual situation and on the basis of western medicine treatment. The TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy included the following methods: intragastric administration of TCM decoction [gastrointestinal excess heat syndrome (rhubarb, sodium sulfate, aurantii fructus immaturus, magnolia bark, etc.), damp heat syndrome of liver and gallbladder (radix bupleuri, aurantii fructus immaturus, baical skullcap root, rhubarb, etc.), each group of above agents immersed in water and decocted to make juice 400 mL, once 100 mL taken orally, every 4 hours]; retention enema with TCM decoction [rhubarb, magnolia bark, aurantii fructus immaturus, sodium sulfate (dissolved) etc, each dose of agents forming decoction 400 mL, 200 mL taken for proctoclysis, once every 6 hours]; Chinese medicine package (boswellin, myrrha, dandelion, coptidis rhizoma and so on crushed and mixed with honey, then applied to the body surface of the pancreas and its periphery, 1 dose each time for 4 hours, once a day ); intravenous drip of blood-activating and stasis-resolving TCM (Dengzhanhuasu injection 100 mg added to 5% glucose solution 250 mL for intravenous drip). The times of disappearance of abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and the recovery times of bowel sound, blood amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) levels to normal were compared between the two groups; the modified CT severity index (MCTSI) score and the changes of serum TXA2, PAF and PGI2 levels were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results The abdominal pain and abdominal distension disappearance times in observation group were shorter than those in control group [abdominal pain (days): 5.07±1.88 vs. 6.02±1.89, abdominal distension (days): 3.50±1.49 vs. 4.40±1.53, both P < 0.05]; the recovery times of bowel sounds, WBC, CRP, amylase and lipase to normal were shorter than those of the control group [bowel sounds (days): 4.05±1.79 vs. 5.00±1.55, WBC (days): 3.93±1.49 vs. 5.98±2.90, CRP (days): 6.17±2.46 vs. 7.92±2.84, blood amylase (days): 3.5 (3.0, 5.0) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 5.5), lipase (days): 5.0 (3.0, 7.0) vs. 6.5 (5.0, 9.0), all P <0.05]; the scores of MCTSI in the two groups were lower than those before treatment and the degree of decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group [2 (0, 4) vs. 4 (0, 6), P < 0.05]. The TXA2 and PAF levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment and the level of PGI2 was significantly higher than that before treatment; after treatment for 3 days, the differences between the two groups showed statistical significance and on the 7th day after treatment, the degrees of improvement in observation group were more obvious than those of the control group [TXA2 (ng/L): 276.81±31.48 vs. 345.42±47.27, PAF (ng/L): 72.65±17.61 vs. 89.77±15.59, PGI2 (ng/L): 104.43±18.67 vs. 94.37±17.91, all P < 0.05]; on the 14th day after treatment, the values of the two groups were very close and there were no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05). Conclusions The TCM differentiation syndrome quadruple therapy for treatment of AP is beneficial to the disappearance of clinical symptoms of patients with different syndromes, recovery of abnormal signs and improvement of laboratory indexes, and its early use can significantly reduce the serum levels of TXA2, PAF and increase the level of PGI2 in patients with AP.
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Objective To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy on serum thromboxane A2 (TXA2), prostacyclin (PGI2) and platelet activating factor (PAF) levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods Ninety patients with AP admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM from January 2016 to March 2017, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random numbers generated by computer inpatients, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine treatment of western medicine, and the observation group was given TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy according to the patient's disease individual situation and on the basis of western medicine treatment. The TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy included the following methods: intragastric administration of TCM decoction [gastrointestinal excess heat syndrome (rhubarb, sodium sulfate, aurantii fructus immaturus, magnolia bark, etc.), damp heat syndrome of liver and gallbladder (radix bupleuri, aurantii fructus immaturus, baical skullcap root, rhubarb, etc.), each group of above agents immersed in water and decocted to make juice 400 mL, once 100 mL taken orally, every 4 hours]; retention enema with TCM decoction [rhubarb, magnolia bark, aurantii fructus immaturus, sodium sulfate (dissolved) etc, each dose of agents forming decoction 400 mL, 200 mL taken for proctoclysis, once every 6 hours]; Chinese medicine package (boswellin, myrrha, dandelion, coptidis rhizoma and so on crushed and mixed with honey, then applied to the body surface of the pancreas and its periphery, 1 dose each time for 4 hours, once a day ); intravenous drip of blood-activating and stasis-resolving TCM (Dengzhanhuasu injection 100 mg added to 5% glucose solution 250 mL for intravenous drip). The times of disappearance of abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and the recovery times of bowel sound, blood amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) levels to normal were compared between the two groups; the modified CT severity index (MCTSI) score and the changes of serum TXA2, PAF and PGI2 levels were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results The abdominal pain and abdominal distension disappearance times in observation group were shorter than those in control group [abdominal pain (days): 5.07±1.88 vs. 6.02±1.89, abdominal distension (days): 3.50±1.49 vs. 4.40±1.53, both P < 0.05]; the recovery times of bowel sounds, WBC, CRP, amylase and lipase to normal were shorter than those of the control group [bowel sounds (days): 4.05±1.79 vs. 5.00±1.55, WBC (days): 3.93±1.49 vs. 5.98±2.90, CRP (days): 6.17±2.46 vs. 7.92±2.84, blood amylase (days): 3.5 (3.0, 5.0) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 5.5), lipase (days): 5.0 (3.0, 7.0) vs. 6.5 (5.0, 9.0), all P <0.05]; the scores of MCTSI in the two groups were lower than those before treatment and the degree of decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group [2 (0, 4) vs. 4 (0, 6), P < 0.05]. The TXA2 and PAF levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment and the level of PGI2 was significantly higher than that before treatment; after treatment for 3 days, the differences between the two groups showed statistical significance and on the 7th day after treatment, the degrees of improvement in observation group were more obvious than those of the control group [TXA2 (ng/L): 276.81±31.48 vs. 345.42±47.27, PAF (ng/L): 72.65±17.61 vs. 89.77±15.59, PGI2 (ng/L): 104.43±18.67 vs. 94.37±17.91, all P < 0.05]; on the 14th day after treatment, the values of the two groups were very close and there were no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05). Conclusions The TCM differentiation syndrome quadruple therapy for treatment of AP is beneficial to the disappearance of clinical symptoms of patients with different syndromes, recovery of abnormal signs and improvement of laboratory indexes, and its early use can significantly reduce the serum levels of TXA2, PAF and increase the level of PGI2 in patients with AP.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome-differentiation treatment for children rotavirus enteritis. Methods One hundred and twenty cases of children with rotavirus enteritis were randomly divided into Chinese medicine group, probiotics group and control group,40 cases in each group. The 3 groups were given conventional treatment such as proper feeding, prevention of dehydration and correction of dehydration. Additionally, Chinese Medicine group was separately given modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction for patients with damp-heat syndrome, modified Huoxiang Zhengqi Decoction for patients with wind-cold syndrome, modified Baohe Pills for patients impaired by overeating, modified Shenling Baizhu Powder for patients with spleen deficiency syndrome;probiotics group received Probiotic Bifidobacterium Triple Viable Enteric Capsules;the control group was given oral use of Smecta. Daily defecation frequency and stool characteristics were recorded,and the clinical efficacy was analyzed on treatment day 3 and 5. Results(1)After treatment for 3 days,the total effective rate of the 3 groups arrived to 100%,the difference being insignificant between the 3 groups (P > 0.05);after treatment for 3 days, Chinese medicine group had higher markedly effective rate than probiotics group and control group,the difference being significant (P < 0.05). (2) After treatment for 3 and 5 days,the defecation frequency of the 3 groups was much reduced as compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05), and the improvement of defecation frequency in Chinese medicine group was superior to that in probiotic group and control group, the difference being significant (P <0.05). (3)The mean course of disease in Chinese medicine group was shorter than that in probiotic group and control group,the difference being significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome-differentiation treatment exerts certain effect for the treatment of rotavirus enteritis, and can quickly reduce defection frequency and shorten the course of disease.
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10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.003