ABSTRACT
The aim of this work is to delineate the odyssey of parenteral nutrition (noun number: 01.080), which is also called intravenous nutrition. Robert Elman (a surgeon) administered fibrinogen hydrolysate intravenously to dogs and observed the positive nitrogen balance in 1937. Corresponding report about this clinical research was published later on. Oscar Schuberth (a surgeon) and Arvid Wretlind (an internist) developed the soybean oil emulsion with good tolerability and infused a mixture of glucose, amino acids and fat emulsion into patients for the first time. Stanley Dudrick (a surgeon) carried out laboratory studies, such as infusion of 30% glucose through the central vein, selection of materials for silicone rubber catheter, monitoring of nitrogen balance, and so on. He validated that the growth and development of beagle could be supported with parenteral nutrition. Douglas Wilmore (a surgeon) applied parenteral nutrition to a baby girl with congenital stenosis of alimentary tract and thus initially validated the effectiveness of parenteral nutrition in human after 18 months' observation. All mentioned above are landmarks in the history of parenteral nutrition.The development of it is a rugged but interesting journey parenteral nutrition, exemplifying the general principles and methodology of scientific researches. Fifty-six years passing by since the commencement, now, it is time to march into Phase 3 translational (T3) research for parenteral nutrition. T3 clinical researches in parenteral and enteral nutrition is now in the ascendant in China. By looking back at the odyssey, we would like to highlight the necessity of incessant optimization and standardization of parenteral and enteral nutrition practice, to eventually achieve the rational use of nutrition support therapy and bring about patient benefits.
ABSTRACT
Taking patient needs as the core and realizing clinical value as the guidance are the purpose and path of drug discovery. Whether the first-in-class drug or follow-on drugs are all to meet the demands of patients for drugs that are not treatable or more safe and effective. In order to realize clinical value, innovative drugs driven by basic biological research include three elements: understanding the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis; Grasping the microscopic features of the disease; clarifying the mechanism of action of drugs. The interrelation among the three is the translational medicine, and the medicinal chemistry plays an important role in the translations. That is, based on the results of basic research in biology/medicine, knowledge of the molecular mechanism of disease depends upon the establishment of various in vitro/in vivo models to find the key node and molecular regulation for the treatment of disease. Combined with the knowledge of gene deletion and variation, proteomics, epigenetics and other technologies, the molecular mechanism of disease provides multi-molecular information on the level of gene, proteins, enzymes, receptors, ion channels and signal transduction for molecular drug design. Insight into the microscopic characteristics of diseases would deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis, as well as provide a feasible scientific path for the creation of new drugs. When the molecular mechanism of disease and the action mechanism of drugs are clarified, we have a deeper and wider understanding of the application of existing drugs (or active compounds), and may offer new ideas for drug design and application. In this translational process the medicinal chemistry plays a key role which requires medicinal chemists to break through the habitual thinking and working mode, backtracking (upstream) to basic research and its achievements and applying to the direction of creating new drugs in time, as well as paying attention to the clinical requirements (downstream) and implementing the specific content of the transformation process for the R&D of innovative drugs.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the research model of scientific and technological innovation situation from the angle of information research-assisted scientific decision-making in order to transform information service to knowledge service in research library. Methods The research model of scientific and technological innovation situation was proposed on the basis of multi-source data, multi-dimension evidence and multi-methods after the connotation of scientific and technological innovation situation was elaborated, innovative activity research and development were monitored, and the innovative body competition was assessed. Results The following experiences were summarized according to the service provided based on the model: comprehensive research on biosecurity innovation situation based on multi-source data and multi-dimension evidence, importance attached to the combined scientometric a-nalysis and thinking tank report analysis when the research of precision medicine was placed in a priority position, attention paid to the mining of situation in network analysis, stress laid on the prospective and different development strategies in competition situation research of stem cells. Conclusion The research model of scientific and technological innovation situation is a new model of scientific and technological innovation and can adapt to the changing information environment and the transformation of scientific and technological information needs to scientific and techno-logical information innovation needs. Comprehensive re-search ability and language expression ability should be improved, and cooperation model and regular communica-tion systems should be established in order to improve the value of consultation research in decision- making.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the sustainable development strategy.of translational medicine in hospitals, we conducted the in-depth analysis for the current status of translational medicine in the Level 3-A hospitals in Wuxi city.Methods the SWOT analysis was performed to identify the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats in the translational medicine development in for those hospitals.Results Development of translational Medicine in those hospitals in Wuxi city highlights the advantages, opportunities and challenges.Conclusions the leadship of Translational Medicine should change their concepts, provide full play to the advantages of a variety of resources, conducting reform and innovation, establish a long-term system of human resource for talented researchers and reward system in order to accelerate the development of translational medicine.
ABSTRACT
Metabolic diseases information consulting provides its clients with data and insight to help translation information medicine product development plans:for clinical,diagnosis,biologics,medical devices/combination products.Understanding the mechanisms by which specific protein functions contribute to metabolic disease pathogenesis is a great challenge.The barcode is the common nominator and identifier of a sample.This code can be utilized in both 2D form,capturing important identifiers for each sample type and origin.Visual database informational system,to impact on the quality of the analysis data generated.Our ultimate motivation lies in helping you to advance the translation medicine success of our hospital,and to optimize the benefit they provide to patients in need.