ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the measures and effects of schistosomiasis elimination in Wujin District,Changzhou City,so as to provide the reference for other similar areas. Methods The data of schistosomiasis prevention and control were collected and analyzed in Wujin District,Changzhou City from 1995 to 2015. Results From 1995 to 2015,the accumulated ar-ea for investigating Oncomelania hupensis snail habitats was 15934.01 hm2 in Wujin District,and the accumulated area with snail habitats was 34.61 hm2,but no schistosome-infected snails were found. The area of snail control by molluscicides was 234.59 hm2,and the area of snail control by environmental reform was 84.48 hm2 in 18 key points. There were 259.3 thousand person-times receiving the examinations for schistosomiasis,and there were 17314 head of livestock receiving the examinations for schistosomiasis,but no schistosome-infected cases were found. There were 2042 person-times receiving the extensive chemo-therapy. The popularizing rate of sanitary toilets was 99.25％in the whole district. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge was 98.08％and the formation rate of proper behaviors was 97.82％in the population. Conclusions In Wujin Dis-trict,the aim of schistosomiasis elimination has been performed through the active control measures. However,there are still so-cial and natural risk factors of re-endemic of schistosomiasis,and therefore,the schistosomiasis monitoring work still should be strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the source of knowledge on schistosomiasis prevention and control and the acceptable degree on different propagation patterns of population in Jingjiang City after schistosomiasis transmission?interrupted,so as to provide the evidence for the production of suitable materials for health education. Methods The permanent residents,floating population as well as the primary school students in Grade 5 and 6 in riverside regions in Jingjiang City were selected as the in?vestigation objects,the information propagation condition and the knowledge source,and the expected propagation patterns were investigated by questionnaires. Results The popularizing rates on the television,computer and mobile phone of the villag?ers were 99.81%,84.16% and 87.78%,respectively. Both the two investigated schools had the independent TV network,broad?cast and multimedia,and all the computer classroom could connected to Internet. The main sources on schistosomiasis control of permanent residents and floating population were folders and the exhibition board(62.0% and 40.5% respectively),the substan?tial material(42.0% and 33.5% respectively)and TV(40.5% and 36.0% respectively),while those of the students were video CD(100%),substantial material(99.5%)and folders and the exhibition boards(84.2%). The propagation ways with high ac?ceptable degrees among the residents and floating population were substantial material,folders and the exhibition boards and short messages by mobile phone,while those among the students were video CD,substantial material,folders and the exhibition boards. Conclusion The material on health education should be targeted to the demands of the different populations and their condition of information propagation,in addition,the Internet material should be developed and the communicational channels should be broaden.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the variation rules of schistosomiasis endemic situation before and after schistosomia-sis transmission controlled or interrupted,so as to provide the evidence for the consolidation of control achievements. Meth-ods In Anhui Province,3 counties reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled or interrupted were selected and their historical endemic data were collected and analyzed statistically from 10 years before the schistosomiasis transmission controlled to 2008. Results In Tianchang City,the Oncomelania hupensis snail area was 3.54 hm2 in a part of the lake marsh-land in the year reaching the criteria of transmission controlled(1998),and no snails were found in the year of transmission in-terrupted(2008). No stool-test-positive resident was detected except there were 58 acute schistosomiasis cases in 1993,and the sero-test-positive rate of local residents remained at low levels(0-1.55%). In Taihu County,the snail area was 0.84 hm2 account-ing for 0.06%of its historical accumulative snail areas in the year of transmission controlled(1971),and no snails were found three years before the transmission interrupted (1983). However,the schistosomiasis endemic rebounded 12 years later (1995),there was an outbreak of acute schistosome infections(73 cases),and the snail area increased again to 133.7 hm2 ac-counting for 2.91%of historical accumulative snail areas. After that,the snail area kept on rising and the infection rates of resi-dents and bovine remained higher than 1%. In Guangde County,the snail area was 32.4 hm2 accounting for 1.90%of its histori-cal accumulative snail areas in the year of transmission controlled(1995). After that,the snail area increased progressively, and the schistosomiasis endemic rebounded and there were acute schistosome infections 5 years later. The Spearman tests showed that the sero-test-positive rate(Tianchang City)and the stool-test-positive rates of residents and bovine(Taihu County)had positive correlations with the snail areas(r=0.582,0.401,0.596,all P<0.05). Conclusion The snail status is a key for the consolidation of schistosomiasis transmission controlled and interrupted. Therefore,a valid surveillance system of snail situa-tion should be established as quickly as possible.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the epidemic pattern,diagnosis and treatment of schistosomiasis after the 16-years intervention program on its transmissionin Jiaxing region of Zhejiang province.Methods Clinical data of schistosomiasis patients during the last 10 years and pathological specimens with deposited schistosomal eggs during the last 8 years were retrospectively analyzed.Results The total numbers of schistosomiasis patients admitted to hospital increased from 194 in 2001 to 960 in 2010,and from 78 to 266 with complications.Number of the ones with accompanied diseases increased from 116 to 694.All the numbers of the above said three groups showed an yearly increase.The hardest hit age of the patients was between 60 and 74.The number of specimens with deposited schistosomal eggs increased from 192 in 2003 to 298 in 2010.While the ratio of specimens with deposited schistosomal eggs to the total number of pathological specimens became slightly decreasing,the average age of patients increased,Eggs were mainly deposited on appendix,colon,rectum,stomach,liver,gallbladder and small intestine.Conclusion Schistosomiasis still hit the Jiaxing region,with the average age of patients increased.
ABSTRACT
The retrospective analysis of data of snail status in Baofeng harbor,Yingcheng City from 1975 to 2009 suggests that the snail surveillance in schistosomiasis transmission-interrupted areas is a long term work,which should be strengthened continuously.
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The historical surveillance results showed, there were 10 schistosomiasis cases in Huangshan City from 1994 to 2006. The survey in 2007 showed, the positive rates of blood examination for schistosomiasis in migrant workers and immigrant workers were 0.49% and 0.47% , respectively, but no schistosome-infected patients were detected by using the stool examination. An area with snails of 3 000 m~2 was found in the residence of the immigrant workers, but no infected snails were found. It is indicated that the mobile population has some impact on the transmission of schistosomiasis in the transmission-interrupted area. The surveillance and health education for the mobile population should be strengthened, and the imported infectious source should be prevented.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on schistosomiasis control in transmission-interrupted areas in order to provide basis for making out intervention strategies of preventing re-epidemic of schistosomiasis. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out for residents’ KAP on schistosomiasis control in the transmission-interrupted areas. A total of 608 residents were surveyed. Results The residents’ understanding rates of each item of schistosomiasis control were under 25.00% without exception. Residents refusing schistosomiasis examination, never surveying snails and never reporting snails accounted for 52.30%, 95.23% and 97.86% respectively. Conclusions Residents treat schistosomiasis control with indifference in transmission-interrupted areas. Therefore, intervention strategies of pertinent health education should be adopted to improve residents’ compliance to schistosomiasis examination and snail survey and report, and to prevent schistosomiasis re-epidemic.