ABSTRACT
PURPOSE@#Traumatic lumbar hernia (TLH) constitutes a protrusion of content through a defect in the posterior abdominal wall, as a result of injury. This rare entity has been described in limited number of cases.@*METHODS@#A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines. The English literature from 1990 until 2021 was reviewed, using PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar bibliographic databases, to identify case reports and case series with patients that were diagnosed with TLH. For each eligible study, demographics, clinical presentation, hernia characteristics, preoperative imaging investigations, operation details, and postoperative data were extracted for assessment. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS, version 20.0.@*RESULTS@#A total of 62 studies were included for review, with 164 patients with TLH. Mean age was (42.6 ± 14.3) years (47.6% males, 31.1% females, gender not specified in 35 cases). Mean diameter of hernia neck was (6.3 ± 3.1) cm, while the triangles of Petit and Grynfeltt were affected in 74.5% and 14.6%, respectively. Patients diagnosed in the emergency setting account for 54.2%, with CT scan establishing diagnosis in all but one case (97.7%). A delayed diagnosis was made in 45.8%, at a mean 1 year following trauma. Flank bulging (82.8%) and chronic back pain (34.3%) were the most frequent symptoms. In both delayed and acute group, open surgery (63.6% and 92.3%, respectively) was the preferred surgical approach. Postoperative complications were reported in 11.4% of acute and 15.0% of delayed patients. Hernia recurrence was 7%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#TLH is uncommon with 164 cases described since 1990. CT scan is the gold standard in diagnosis. Open surgery is generally the preferred approach, particularly in the emergency setting. Acute TLH can be treated either by primary suture repair or mesh, depending on the local conditions, whereas delayed cases usually require a mesh.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Herniorrhaphy/methods , Surgical Mesh , Hernia, Abdominal/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , LaparoscopyABSTRACT
Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 45 años de edad, quien sufrió accidente laboral por objeto metálico romo, que le ocasionó trauma contuso en región lumbosacra derecha. A los 30 días de dicho trauma, notó aumento de volumen en la zona afectada y acudió a la consulta de cirugía herniaria del Hospital General Universitario Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso, donde clínicamente se le diagnosticó una hernia lumbar derecha postraumática. Fue operado de forma electiva con anestesia orotraqueal. Se realizó profilaxis antimicrobiana y antitrombótica; además, se implantó prótesis preperitoneal de polipropileno. No hubo complicaciones perioperatorias y el paciente tuvo seguimiento durante 3 años, sin recurrencias
The case report of a 45 years patient who had an industrial accident with a blunt metallic object that caused him bruised trauma in the right lumbosacral region is described. After 30 days of this trauma, he noticed increase of volume in the affected area and went to the hernia surgery service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso University General Hospital, where he was clinically diagnosed with a right post-traumatic lumbar hernia. He was operated in an elective way with orotracheal anesthesia. Antimicrobian and antithrombotic prophylaxis was carried out; also, a polypropylene preperitoneal prosthesis was implanted. There were not perioperative complications and the patient had follow up during 3 years, without recurrences