ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: revisar los diferentes métodos de diagnóstico de la tricomoniasis vaginal disponibles hasta el presente. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se revisó la bibliografía latinoamericano e internacional a través de los sitios electrónicos de Pub-Med y Scielo. RESULTADOS: la Tricomonas vaginalis es considera como la enfermedad de transmisión sexual no viral, curable más frecuente y prevalente en el mundo. Se revisan los diferentes de métodos para diagnosticar la presencia de la tricomonas vaginalis en pacientes femeninos con síntomas y signos de la infección producida por el protozoario flagelado. CONCLUSIONES: se revisaron los diferentes métodos de diagnostico de la infección producida por la Tricomonas vaginalis en pacientes femeninas, desde los clásicos hasta los más actuales que emplean alta tecnología.
OBJECTIVE: to review the different diagnostic methods of Trichomonas vaginal available at the present time. MATERIAL AND METHOD: it was reviewed the Latin-American and international bibliography using the Pub-Med and Scielo web sites. RESULTS: Trichomonas vaginalis is considered the most common and prevalent sexual transmitted disease curable and non-viral worldwide. It was reviewed the different methods to diagnose the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in female patients with symptoms and signs of infection produces by the flagellate protozoa. CONCLUSION: Different methods of diagnosis of the infection produced by Trichomonas vaginalis, since the classics to the most current methods that use high technology, were reviewed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Trichomonas Vaginitis/diagnosis , Trichomonas vaginalis , Vaginal Smears , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , Culture Techniques , Antigens/analysisSubject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Postmenopause , Papanicolaou Test , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , DiagnosisABSTRACT
O cuidado primário tem um papel importante na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças infecciosas, pois no contexto gestacional algumas dessas doenças podem causar complicações graves ao recém-nascido, levando inclusive à morte fetal. Os autores apresentam um estudo transversal em que participaram 299 gestantes no Serviço Pré-natal em Juiz de Fora e 66 gestantes oriundas do serviço de obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena. A idade média foi de 24,60 anos. Houve sífilis em ambos os grupos, mas não houve casos de sífilis congênita. Os autores concluíram que a frequência de sífilis apresentou distribuição uniforme em ambos os serviços e sugerem medidas adequadas de controle e tratamento de gestantes. (AU)
Primary care has an important role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases since in the gestational context some of these diseases can cause severe complications to the newborn, including fetal death. This is a cross-sectional study assessing 299 pregnant women who attended the Pre-Natal Service in Juiz de Fora and 66 pregnant women who attended the Obstetrics Service of Barbacena School of Medicine. The average age was 24.60 years old. There was syphilis in both groups, but there were no cases of congenital syphilis. The authors concluded that the frequency of syphilis had a uniform distribution among both services and suggest adequate measures of control and treatment of pregnant women. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Syphilis/epidemiology , Syphilis, Congenital/epidemiology , Syphilis/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Pleural empyema formation is one of the potential complications of lower respiratory tract infections and it is characterized by bacterial organisms seen on gram stain or the aspiration of pus on thoracentesis. Very rarely empyema can be caused by trichomonas species, of which Trichomonas Tenax appears to be the most common cause. In this article we report the case of a 51-year-old man who developed a pleural empyema caused by trichomonas, and review the available literature of this rare infection of unknown incidence and uncertain pathogenetic significance. Our patient was treated with metronidazole, however complete cure was not achieved and pulmonary decortication was necessary for the successful outcome. As far as we know, this is the first case of pleural empyema caused by trichomonas reported in Chile.
La formación de un empiema pleural es una de las potenciales complicaciones de las infecciones de la vía aérea inferior, y se caracteriza por la observación de bacterias en la tinción de Gram, o la aspiración de pus en la toracocentesis. Muy infrecuentemente el empiema puede ser causado por alguna de las especies de tricomonas, de las cuales Trichomonas Tenax parece ser la causa más común. En este artículo, reportamos el caso de un hombre de 51 años que desarrolló un empiema pleural causado por tricomonas, y revisamos la literatura disponible de esta rara infección, de incidencia desconocida, y significancia patogénica incierta. Nuestro paciente fue tratado con metronidazol, observándose sólo una respuesta parcial, necesitándose decorticación pulmonar para una recuperación completa. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer caso de empiema pleural causado por tricomonas reportado en Chile.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Empyema, Pleural/etiology , Empyema, Pleural/therapy , Trichomonas Infections/complications , Trichomonas Infections/therapy , Antitrichomonal Agents/therapeutic use , Drainage , Empyema, Pleural/surgery , Empyema, Pleural/parasitology , Empyema, Pleural/drug therapy , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Thoracostomy , Trichomonas Infections/surgery , Trichomonas Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
El objetivo del trabajo fue validar el alto valor predictivo de BACOVA (Balance del contenido vaginal, disponible en www.fba.org.ar/proeco) en el diagnóstico microscópico diferencial de vaginosis bacteriana (VB) y vaginitis microbiana inespecífica (VMI). Fueron estudiadas 299 embarazadas sintomáticas. Se determinó por microscopía el Valor Numérico (Nugent) (VN), células guía (CG), morfotipos extraños (Mex), leucocitos por campo (Lpc), tricomonas (TV) y levaduras (LE) con lectura a 400X. Los resultados globales fueron: VN de 7 a 10, 16,4% del total de casos. BACOVA permitió diferenciar 11,7% de los casos con VN de 7 a 10, con reacción inflamatoria vaginal (RIV) menor de 10 Lpc, como casos típicos de BV. Con igual VN se detectó 4,7% de casos con RIV con más de 10 Lpc, compatibles con VMI. En sólo 7,3% de los casos de LE detectadas por microscopía (20,4% en total), se confirmó una RIV significativa. Hubo 2,7% del total de casos con RIV significativa, pH<4,5 y resultado negativo para el resto de los criterios estudiados. La determinación de la RIV, fue imprescindible, junto al VN, en el diagnóstico diferencial de VB y VMI. La RIV también es necesaria para establecer la significación clínica de la presencia de levaduras. BACOVA detecta casos con RIV significativa (2,7%), como único marcador, con pH inferior a 4,5, compatibles con infección del tracto genital superior.
This study was undertaken to demonstrate the high diagnostic predictive value of BACOVA (Balance of Vaginal Content, www.fba.org.ar/proeco) for bacterial vaginosis and microbial non specific vaginitis, in pregnant women primary health care. BACOVA including Nugent score (Gram 1000X) and leucocyte count (Wet mount and Giemsa, using 400X) was evaluated in 299 symptomatic pregnant women. Nugent score 7 to 10 was detected in 16.4%. Crossing Nugent value 7 to 10 with leucocytes counts shows that only 11.7% were below 10 leucocytes per field and 4.7% had a significant vaginal inflammatory response. Yeasts were detected in 20.4% but only in 7.2% of cases they show a significant association with vaginal inflammatory response. In 2.7% of the cases there was a significant vaginal inflammatory response, with pH below 4.5, VN from 0 to 3 and negative for TV, fishy odor, and exogenous microbial morphotypes. Simultaneous study of vaginal inflammatory response and Nugent score is mandatory in order to detect true cases of bacterial vaginosis (11.7%) from those of potential microbial non specific vaginitis (4.7%) (Donders' "aerobic vaginitis") Besides, vaginal inflammatory response became a strong criterion to define yeast vulvovaginitis (7.2%). Cases (2.7%) with score 0 to 3, negative for other criteria, with a high vaginal inflammatory response, are predictors of upper genital infections.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Trichomonas Vaginitis/diagnosis , Vaginosis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Trichomonas Vaginitis/microbiology , Vaginal Diseases/complications , Vaginosis, Bacterial/complications , Vaginosis, Bacterial/microbiologyABSTRACT
São descritos 10 casos de prostatite crônica silenciosa cuja única manifestação é dor ao estímulo prostático direto. O tratamento com 2 g de metronidazol, dose única oral, erradicou os sintomas.