Relationship among spontaneous turning direction, balance and fall risk in stroke patients during walking / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship among spontaneous turning direction, balance ability and fall risk in patients with stroke during walking. MethodsFrom December, 2021 to November, 2022, 94 patients with stroke were recruited from Beijing Bo'ai Hospital. They were assessed with simple Timed 'Up and Go' Test (TUGT, TUGT1), TUGT with a cup in hand (TUGT2), and TUGT with calculation task (TUGT3). The spontaneous turning directions at the turn point were recorded, and the patients were divided into no-same group (n = 34) and same group, and the same group was further divided into affected group (n = 33) and unaffected group (n = 27), according to the spontaneous turning direction. After a spontaneous turning of each TUGT, the patients were asked to finish another TUGT turning to the opposite direction. And then, they were assessed with single leg standing test, Functional Reach Test (FRT), 360° turning test and the Morse Fall Scale (MFS). ResultsThere were the most patients with left hemiplegia in the affected group (χ2 = 7.995, P < 0.05). The time of TUGT1, TUGT2 and TUGT3 was the most in the affected group and the least in the unaffected group (F > 4.009, P < 0.05), and it was more in the affected group than in the unaffected group as post-hoc test (P < 0.05). The one leg standing time (H = 9.403, P = 0.009) and FRT distance (F = 4.300, P = 0.016) were the least in the affected group and the most in the unaffected group, and it was less in the affected group than in the unaffected group as post-hoc test (P < 0.05). The turning time (F = 4.134, P = 0.019) and turning steps (F = 5.611, P = 0.003) were the most in the affected group and the least in the unaffected group, and it was more in the affected group than in the unaffected group as post-hoc test (P < 0.05). The score of MFS was the most in the affected group and the least in the unaffected group (H = 8.192, P = 0.017), and it was more in the affected group than in the unaffected group as post-hoc test (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe stroke patients spontaneously turning to the affected side during walking usually are poorer in balance function, and in a risk of fall.

Application of turning head to the opposite insertion side in PICC patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of turning head to the opposite insertion side on catheter heterotopia and degree of comfort among PICC catheter patients.Methods:The inpatients with PICC catheter in Hepatological Surgery of Changzhi People′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were collected as research object, patients from January to December 2018 was assignment to the control group, patients from January to December 2018 was assignment to the experimental group, with 174 cases in each group. They were catheterized with turning head to the opposite insertion side and turning head to the PICC insertion side, respectively. The incidence of catheter heterotopia, complications as well as degree of comfort during the placement of PICC were compared between the two groups.Results:The successful cases of one-time delivery tube and occurred catheter heterotopia were 97.1% (169/174) and 1.2% (2/174) in the experimental group, the index mentioned above were 91.4% (159/174) and 7.5% (13/174) in the control group, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( χ2=5.30, 8.43, both P<0.05). The results from survival curve analysis demonstrated that the occurred of catheter-related venous thrombosis and catheter-related bloodstream infections were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group ( χ2=15.23, 8.76, both P<0.05). The score of comfort during the placement of PICC was (15.00 ± 2.19) in the experimental group, which was significantly lower than (16.86 ± 1.88) points in the control group ( t=8.49, P<0.05). Conclusions:Adopting turning head to the opposite insertion side method can improve the success rate of one-time delivery tube, reduce the incidence of catheter heterotopia and reduce the discomfort of patients during PICC catheterization.

Application value of paper towel combined with 360° horizontal turning over method in preoperative preparation of gastroscopy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of paper towel combined with 360° horizontal turning over method on the field of vision, operation time and detection of small lesions before gastroscopy, so as to improve the detection rate of early gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:The outpatients and inpatients who voluntarily accepted gastroscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from May to October 2020 were enrolled. A prospective randomized controlled study was used. They were divided into the experimental group (paper towel group combined with 360° horizontal turning over) and the control group (routine) according to the random number table. Finally, a total of 948 patients were included, including 487 cases in the experimental group and 461 cases in the control group. The visual field clarity, operation time, rinse times, detection of micro lesions and detection of early cancer of the two groups were compared.Results:The scores of gastric mucosa clarity (fundus, body, antrum and whole stomach) in experimental group were (1.61 ± 0.79), (1.18 ± 0.56), (1.01 ± 0.36), (3.20 ± 0.51) points, which were significantly lower than (2.56 ± 0.82), (2.01 ± 0.65), (1.98 ± 1.10), (5.05 ± 0.89) points in control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t values were 0.02-0.07, all P<0.05). The operation time of the experimental group was (5.91 ± 0.41) min, which was significantly shorter than (6.80 ± 0.72) min of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-7.46, P<0.05). The number of flushing in the experimental group was 67 times, accounting for 13.8%, which was significantly lower than 144 times in the control group, accounting for 31.2%, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=54.78, P<0.05). The number of microlesions in the experimental group was 398 cases, which was higher than 245 cases in the control group. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.43, P<0.05). For biopsy pathology, the detection of precancerous lesions or early carcinomas in the experimental group (56 cases) was significantly higher than that in the control group (24 cases), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.45, P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of paper towel combined with 360° horizontal turning over method before gastroscopy can significantly improve the clarity of gastroscope field of vision, shorten the operation time, increase the detection rate of small lesions, and effectively improve the detection rate of early gastrointestinal cancer, which is a simple and practical preoperative preparation method.

Analysis of clinical features and related factors of coronavirus disease 2019 in Shanghai / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To explore the common clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-infected local patients in Shanghai and their related influencing factors. Methods • A total of 320 patients admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January to March 2020 and diagnosed as having coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) were selected. Clinical data of the patients were collected to analyze their characteristics. Using the statistical operation formula of R language, the correlation analysis of hospitalization days, days of increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein concentration (allergic days), days of lung CT improvement (CT days), and days required for nucleic acid turning negative with the main clinical manifestations and laboratory data was carried out. The correlation factors affecting the above four variables were analyzed. Results • Among the 320 patients, the proportions of mild type, moderate type, serious type and critical type were 6.25%, 83.44%, 6.88% and 3.44%, respectively; 91.25% of them had a history of exposure to Hubei. The proportions of fever, cough, sputum and fatigue were 79.06%, 46.56%, 21.56% and 15.31%, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-2(IL-2) and IL-6 were positively correlated with the above four variables, respectively (all P<0.05), albumin concentration was negatively correlated with allergic days (P=0.018), and CD4+ cell count was negatively correlated with CT days and days required for nucleic acid turning negative (both P<0.05). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that procalcitonin (PCT) concentration was negatively correlated with hospitalization days, CT days and allergic days (both P<0.05), and disease type was positively correlated with hospitalization days, allergic days, CT days and days required for nucleic acid turning negative (all P<0.05). Conclusion • Moderate type is common in the local patients in Shanghai; fever, cough and fatigue are common symptoms, and most of the patients are accompanied by lung CT abnormalities. The therapeutic effect and prognosis of these patients are closely related to disease type, concentrations of PCT and IL-6, as well as CD4+ cell count.

Una introducción al enfoque del curso de vida y su uso en la investigación pediátrica: principales conceptos y principios metodológicos / An introduction to the life course approach and its use in pediatric research: main concepts and methodological principles

Resumen Desde su concepción, el enfoque del curso de vida se ha utilizado ampliamente en la investigación sociodemográfica y en los estudios sociológicos. El empleo de esta perspectiva se ha difundido desde hace algunos años en la investigación en salud. Sin embargo, su uso ha sido muy limitado en pediatría. Este trabajo presenta una exposición de los principales conceptos del enfoque del curso de vida y algunos principios metodológicos para el desarrollo de investigaciones desde esta perspectiva. Además, se incluyen una serie de proyectos de investigación que se han valido de este enfoque como fundamentación conceptual en su diseño e implementación y algunas fuentes de información que pueden ser utilizadas para el desarrollo de investigaciones desde esta conceptualización en México.

Abstract Since its inception, the life course approach has been widely used in the socio-demographic research and sociological studies. The use of this perspective in health research has spread for some years, although its use in pediatrics has been limited. This work presents the main concepts of the life course approach and some methodological principles for the development of research from this perspective. In addition, a series of research projects that have used this approach as a conceptual basis in their design and implementation are included, as well as some sources of information that can be used for the development of research since this conceptualization in Mexico.

Clinical research of transurethral turning holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of turning holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (THoLEP) and transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A retrospective analysis of 532 patients with BPH surgery from January 2016 to December 2017 was performed,including 289 cases of transurethral resection of holmium laser enucleation (THoLEP) and 43 cases of transurethral holmium laser enucleation (HoLEP).Cases with incomplete data were excluded.Finally,100 patients were enrolled and divided into THoLEP group and HoLEP.The mean ages of patients in the THoLEP group and the HoLEP group were (74.6 ± 8.2) years and (75.3 ± 7.7) years,respectively.The prostate weights were (52.3 ± 23.1) g and (52.6 ± 22.7) g,respectively.International prostate symptom scores (IPSS) were (22.8 ± 1.3) and (23.1 ± 1.6),and the quality of life score (QOL) scores were (4.4 ± 0.5) and (4.3 ± 0.8),respectively.The rate of mximum flow rate (Qmax) was (5.9 ± 2.7) ml/s and (6.3 ± 2.8) mL/s,respectively.The residual urine volume was (149.3 ± 8.7) ml and (145.3 ± 9.7) ml,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Results Compared with HoLEP group,THoLEP group showed shorter operation time [(44 ± 13) min vs.(61 ± 15) min,P ＜ 0.05] and less intraoperative bleeding [(101.6 ± 13.2) ml vs.(119.9 ± 18.0) ml,P ＜ 0.05].The weight of the resected tissue in the THoLEP group was slightly larger than that in the HoLEP group,however the difference was not statistically significant [(30.5 ± 9.5) g vs.(28.7 ± 8.5) g] (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of transient urinary incontinence in THoLEP group was less than that in HoLEP group [2 and 4 cases,P ＜ 0.05].There were no cases of urinary incontinence in both groups after 3 months,and no permanent urinary incontinence in both groups.THoLEP was slightly better than HoLEP group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with HoLEP,THoLEP has similar short-term results,and has more advantages in shortening the operation time,reducing intraoperative bleeding and transient urinary incontinence.It is a safer and effective method for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The Turning Point in an Unwanted Teenage Pregnancy: A Psychoemotional Perspective

@#Introduction: Malaysia is a multiethnic country that allows freedom of religion with Islam being the most professed religion. Under the Islamic teachings, premarital sex is forbidden. Nonetheless, at present, there is an increasing number of teenage pregnancies among the Malay Muslims as a consequence of premarital sex. The objective was to obtain a detailed understanding of how pregnant teenagers make sense of their experience with unwanted pregnancy from a psycho-emotional perspective. Methods: Purposive sampling through the application of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was employed. Face to face interviews were conducted with 10 participants that were 17 years old. Results: Three themes emerged from the present research (a) transformation of self, (b) transition to motherhood and; (c) spiritual strengthening. Conclusion: All participants experienced turning points in their lives in which they made sense of their experience resulting in positive changes.

Study on the design of automatic turning over nursing mattress for neonatal incubator / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To design a new mattress according to clinical requirement and to observe its effect of reducing the time of changing sheets, weighing, saving nursing time of artificial posture and decreasing the extent of the drop in the temperature of the baby incubator. Methods Functional requirements and parameters of new-type mattress were designed through searching and summing up a large number of literatures concerned. The standard premature infant models weighing 1500 g were selected as the experimental object. 180 cases in the experimental group were placed in the insulation incubators of the new-type mattress, and 180 cases in the control group were placed in incubators with ordinary mattresses. Results The new-type mattress has the function of designing the shape of bird's nest, changing posture automatically and monitoring physique in real time. Volume data and equipped with skull-sensing headphones. Simulation experiment displayed that the time of changing sheets between the new mattress and the ordinary mattress was (4.04 ± 0.41) s and (18.07 ± 2.54) s, and the weighing time was 1.00 s and (37.93 ± 5.19) s. The daily nursing time of artificial posture was 0.00s and (5.40 ± 0.48) s and (0.08 ± 0.23)℃and (2.08 ± 0.57)℃. The difference was statistically significant(t=-151.74-45.36, P<0.05). Conclusion The new mattress can reduce the time of weighing weight and changing sheets, save the nursing time of artificial posture and decrease the extent of the drop in the temperature of the baby incubator .

Laterality in artistic gymnastics / Lateralidade na ginástica artística

Abstract Worldwide trainers ask if there is a rotation scheme, which facilitate the learning of the elements with longitudinal rotations. Although there are some research on it, they did not attempt to verify a total scheme, but merely to see the relationship between two elements or four elements. In this study we analyse the appreciation of experts N = 161 coaches (age: 34.9 ± 10.9) from different levels of expertise and from different countries (ARG, BOL, BRA, CHI, ECU, ELS, GER, GUA, HON, MEX, PAN, PER, URU, VEN) with 12 ± 8.8 years of experience regardinghow gymnasts should execute 27 different elements in 5 male apparatus. We chose these elements, because we wanted to have movements with rotation in upright stance, upside down and in combination with transversal rotation. Through a questionnaire for coaches, we tried to verify if there are differences, coincidences or even immovable rules in the rotation scheme that gymnasts use (or should use). The answers were typologized with three categories of rotational preference: unilateral consistent twister, bilateral consistent twister and inconsistent twister. The study aimed to answer several questions: Do coaches agree on how the rotation scheme should be in gymnastics? How do coaches (former gymnasts) determined which way to turn? Do the handedness or the footedness influence on the direction of rotation? Does the personal rotation scheme influence on the concept of appropriate rotation scheme? Do the national practices influence the rotation scheme? Are there differences in appreciation between coaches at different levels? Are unambiguous rules among the elements?.

Resumo Técnicos do mundo todo questionam se há um esquema de rotação, que facilita a aprendizagem dos elementos nas rotações longitudinais. As pesquisas sobre o assunto verificam a relação entre dois a quatro elementos daquelas, então, neste estudo, analisamos a apreciação de especialistas n = 161 treinadores (idade: 34,9 ± 10,9) de diferentes níveis de especialização e de diferentes países (ARG, BOL, BRA, CHI, ECU, ELS, GER, GUA, HON, MEX, PAN , PER, URU, VEN) com 12 ± 8,8 anos de experiência a respeito de como um ginasta deve executar 27 diferentes elementos em cinco aparelhos masculinos. Escolhemos esses elementos, pois desejávamos investigar movimentos com rotação na posição em pé, de cabeça para baixo e em combinação com a rotação transversal. Por meio de um questionário para técnicos, averiguamos se existem diferenças, coincidências ou regras ainda imóveis no esquema de rotação que ginastas devem usar (ou deveriam usar). As respostas foram conceituadas em três categorias de preferência de rotação: rotação consistente unilateral, rotação consistente bilateral e rotação inconsistente. O estudo teve como objetivo responder a várias perguntas: Os técnicos concordam em relação a qual esquema de rotação deve estar na ginástica? Como técnicos (ex-ginastas) determinaram que caminho tomar? O posicionamento das mãos e dos pés influenciam na rotação? O modelo individual de rotação influência no conceito apropriado de rotação? As práticas nacionalizadas influênciam em um modelo de rotação? Existem diferenças na apreciação entre técnicos de diferentes níveis? Há regras ambíguas entre os elementos?.

O caminho para a virada: uma interpretação da conferência "Sobre a essência da verdade", de Martin Heidegger / The way to the turn: an interpretation of the conference "On the essence of truth", by Martin Heidegger

A conferência "Sobre a essência da verdade", de Martin Heidegger, foi pronunciada várias vezes entre 1930 e 1932, editada em 1943 e seguiu sendo modificada pelo autor até os anos 1960. Em diversos aspectos, ela parece ter um papel peculiar, como uma espécie de "dobradiça" entre o Heidegger de Ser e tempo e o após a "virada" [Kehre] de seu pensamento, processo que se iniciou justamente a partir dos anos 1930. Com tal papel intermediário, essa conferência parte de concepções ainda abordadas a partir da perspectiva de Ser e tempo, como a questão da verdade, mas insere temáticas fundamentais, mais caras à obra posterior do pensador alemão, como a perspectiva do velamento do ser, o conceito de errância e a própria perspectiva, apenas iniciada nessa conferência, de uma transformação do próprio conceito de essência [Wesen].

The Martin Heidegger's conference "On the essence of truth" was repeatedly pronounced between 1930 and 1932, published in 1943 and continued to be adjusted by the author until the sixties. In many ways, it seems to have a special role as a kind of "hinge" between Heidegger's Being and Time and after the "turn" [Kehre] of his thinking, process that began precisely from thirties. With such intermediary role, the conference begins with conceptions still addressed from the perspective of Being and Time, as the question of truth; but inserts fundamental themes, relating to the later work of the German thinker, as the notion of the veiling of being, the concept of errance and the perspective, only started at this conference, from a transformation of the very concept of essence [Wesen]

Effects of Hypericum perforatum on turning behavior in an animal model of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the slow and progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the (substantia nigra pars compact). Hypericum perforatum (H. perforatum) is a plant widely used as an antidepressant, that also presents antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the effects of H. perforatum on the turning behavior of rats submitted to a unilateral administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle as an animal model of PD. The animals were treated with H. perforatum (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg, v.o.) for 35 consecutive days (from the 28th day before surgery to the 7th day after). The turning behavior was evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days after the surgery, and the turnings were counted as contralateral or ipsilateral to the lesion side. All tested doses significantly reduced the number of contralateral turns in all days of evaluation, suggesting a neuroprotective effect. However, they were not able to prevent the 6-OHDA-induced decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the lesioned striatum. We propose that H. perforatum may counteract the overexpression of dopamine receptors on the lesioned striatum as a possible mechanism for this effect. The present findings provide new evidence that H. perforatum may represent a promising therapeutic tool for PD.

A Doença de Parkinson é uma doença neurodegenerativa relacionada à idade, caracterizada pela morte lenta e progressiva de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância negra pars compacta. O Hypericum perforatum (H. perforatum) é um fitoterápico utilizado como antidepressivo, apresentando propriedades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias e nootrópicas. Neste trabalho, avaliaram-se os efeitos do tratamento com H. perforatum no comportamento rotatório de ratos no modelo da doença de Parkinson induzido pela administração unilateral de 6-OHDA no feixe prosencefálico medial. Ratos Wistar machos foram tratados com H. perforatum (100, 200 ou 400 mg/kg, v.o.) por 35 dias (do 28º dia antes até o 7º dia após a lesão). As rotações ipsilaterais e contralaterais à lesão foram registradas no 7º, 14º e 21º dias após a cirurgia. As três doses de H. perforatum utilizadas reduziram o número de rotações contralaterais, indicando um possível efeito neuroprotetor da planta. Porém, o H. perforatum não impediu a redução na expressão da enzima tirosina hidroxilase no estriado lesionado, quantificada por Western blot. Propomos que o H. perforatum possa bloquear o aumento da expressão dos receptores dopaminérgicos no estriado lesionado com 6-OHDA. Entretanto, estudos adicionais são necessários para identificar o mecanismo exato pelo qual o H. perforatum reduziu o número de rotações contralaterais. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem o H. perforatum como um potencial agente terapêutico para a doença de Parkinson.

Clinical Observation of Kneading Pull-turning Methods together with the Family Care and Treatment for Children Congenital Muscular ;Torticollis / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] To study the effect of kneading pull-turning methods together with the family care and treatment on children congenital muscular torticollis. [Methods] 60 cases of congenital muscular torticollis were randomly divided into kneading pull-turning methods together with the family care group(treatment group) and conventional massage group(control group) with symptoms, signs and evaluation of clinical curative effect between groups of children. [Results] The treatment group cure rate was 76.67%, control group cure rate was 43.33%, the curative effect of treatment group was obviously better than the control group(P<0.05). [Conclusion] Kneading pull-turning methods together with the family care in treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis has the characteristics of high cure rate which is conducive to recovery of affected children.

Underwater turning movement during foraging in Hydromedusa maximiliani (Testudines, Chelidae) from southeastern Brazil / Movimento de giro subaquático durante o forrageio em Hydromedusa maximiliani (Testudines, Chelidae) do Sudeste do Brasil

A type of locomotor behavior observed in animals with rigid bodies, that can be found in many animals with exoskeletons, shells, or other forms of body armor, to change direction, is the turning behavior. Aquatic floated-turning behavior among rigid bodies animals have been studied in whirligig beetles, boxfish, and more recently in freshwater turtle, Chrysemys picta. In the laboratory we observed a different kind of turning movement that consists in an underwater turning movement during foraging, wherein the animal pivoted its body, using one of the hindlimbs as the fixed-point support in the substratum. We describe, analyze and quantify this movement during foraging in Hydromedusa maximiliani, using observations made in the laboratory. We studied 3 adult specimens (2 males, 1 female) and 2 non-sexed juveniles of H. maximiliani. They were kept individually in an aquarium filled with water and small fish. They were filmed, in dorsal view, at 30 frames per second. Sequences were analyzed frame by frame and points were marked on limbs and shell to enable analysis of variation in limb flexion and extension, as well as rotation movements. While foraging, turtles frequently turned their bodies, using one hind leg as the pivot point. This underwater turning movement, in addition to slow movements with the neck stretched, or staying nearly immobile and scanning the surroundings with lateral movements of the neck (in arcs up to 180°), and fast attacks of neck, may increase prey capture rates.

Um tipo de comportamento locomotor observado em animais com corpo rígido, que pode ser encontrado em muitos animais com exoesqueleto, conchas, ou outras formas de armaduras, para mudar de direção, é o girar o corpo num plano horizontal (Turning performance). O movimento de girar o corpo flutuando na água (Aquatic floated-turning performance) entre animais de corpo rígido tem sido estudado em besouros, peixe-caixa, e mais recente na tartaruga de água doce, Chrysemys picta. No laboratório nós observamos um tipo diferente de giro que consiste em um giro subaquático, não flutuando na água, durante o forrageio, onde o animal pivota seu corpo, usando uma das patas traseiras como um ponto fixo de suporte no substrato. Nós descrevemos, analisamos e quantificamos esse movimento durante o forrageio de Hydromedusa maximiliani, usando observações feitas em laboratório. Nós analisamos três adultos (2 machos, 1 fêmea) e dois juvenis não sexados. Eles foram mantidos individualmente em um aquário preenchido água e pequenos peixes. Eles foram filmados, em vista dorsal, a 30 imagens por segundo. As sequencias foram analisadas quadro a quadro, e pontos foram marcados nos membros e no casco para permitir analisar variações angulares durante a flexão e extensão, bem como movimentos de rotação. Os membros fizeram movimentos sequencias durante o movimento de giro, mantendo sempre um dos membros posteriores como ponto fixo. Esta estratégia de forrageio associada com movimentos lentos e pescoço esticado, ou permanecer praticamente imóveis apenas observando o ambiente através de movimentos laterais do pescoço, descrevendo trajetórias em um ângulo de 180°, e ataques rápidos com o pescoço, talvez aumente seu potencial na captura de presas.

Que diferença faz a diferença na recuperação da anorexia nervosa?: [revisão] / Which difference does make a difference in recovery of anorexia nervosa?: [review]

CONTEXTO: As dificuldades inerentes ao tratamento da anorexia nervosa são bem conhecidas e é, ainda hoje, predominante a concepção da anorexia nervosa enquanto doença crônica. Contudo, diversos estudos mostram não só que a recuperação é possível como também que há inclusivamente mulheres que se recuperam espontaneamente, sem terem sido sujeitas a tratamento. OBJETIVO: Este estudo pretende, assim, rever a literatura existente relativamente a fatores que contribuíram para a recuperação na anorexia nervosa, quer relacionados com o tratamento quer com extratramento. MÉTODO E RESULTADOS: Para tal, a partir da revisão de 13 estudos existentes sobre a perspectiva de ex-pacientes acerca do que contribuiu para a recuperação, este artigo irá pôr em destaque que "diferenças fizeram a diferença", bem como em que medida os estudos existentes permitem uma compreensão de como essas diferenças podem fazer a diferença. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que, apesar de a investigação estar, sobretudo, centrada na compreensão dos fatores de tratamento mais úteis, muitas ex-pacientes parecem destacar mais a utilidade dos fatores extratratamento, nomeadamente a importância das relações na manutenção e resolução do problema. Os mesmos fatores são considerados prejudiciais e/ou úteis para diferentes entrevistadas, o que remete para a complexidade do fenômeno da recuperação que ainda carece de mais investigação.

BACKGROUND: The difficulties in the treatment of anorexia nervosa are well known and there is still today a dominant conception of anorexia nervosa as a chronic illness. Nevertheless, several studies show not only that recovery is possible but also that there are women who recover spontaneously, even without medical treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study intends to review the existing literature on the factors that contributed to the recovery in anorexia nervosa, whether or not related to treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the review of 13 existing studies, on the perspective of former patients about what contributed to the recovery, this article highlights which "differences did make a difference" and analyzes how these differences can actually make the difference. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude that although research had been mainly focused on understanding the most important medical treatment factors, many former patients emphasize the usefulness of extra-treatment factors, namely the importance of relationships in the maintenance and resolution of the problem. The same factors are considered harmful and/or useful by different respondents, which bring us to the complexity of the recovery phenomenon that still requires further research.

Learning curves of total laparoscopic hysterectomies in three gynecologists / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is becoming more commonly used as an alternative to traditional abdominal hysterectomy and Analyzing the turning point of a learning curve can be useful in planning training programs. This study was to define the average turning point of a learning curve of TLH by comparing three separate gynecologists in one institute. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the first 140 consecutive cases of TLH performed by three separate gynecologists A, B, and C. Patients of each gynecologist were divided into 7 equal groups of 20 operations classed chronologically. Patient's age, uterus weight, operation time and pre-post operative hemoglobin difference of the three gynecologists were compared. Operation time and pre-post operative hemoglobin difference were evaluated to build learning curves for each gynecologist. RESULTS: Learning curve built by operation time showed turning point after 80~100 cases in all three gynecologists. Learning curve built by pre-post operative hemoglobin difference did not show a decreasing pattern. There were no statistical differences in patient's age and pre-post operative hemoglobin difference between the three gynecologists. However, mean uterine weight of gynecologist C was significantly lighter than that of gynecologist A and B. Operation time was significantly longer in cases by gynecologist C than in cases by A and B. CONCLUSION: At least 80~100 cases of experience in TLH is needed for a gynecologist to reach the turning point of the learning curve. This result can be used as a guide to the training program of TLH.

Effect of Improved Body Turning Approach on Wound Healing after Operation Of Congenital Craniovertebral Junction Abnormity / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effect of improved body turning approach on wound healing after operation of congenital craniovertebral junction abnormity.Methods 82 patients with congenital craniovertebral junction abnormity were performed occipital-cervical bony grafting posteriorly and they were cared with improved or routine body turning approach.Results The incidence of wound healing was 95.1% in routine group and was 100% in improved group.Conclusion The improved body turning approach could improve the wound healing after operation of congenital craniovertebral junction abnormity.

Tossing and turning time of the stuporous patients while using the bedsore mat blowing out gas / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the tossing and turning time of the stuporous patients while using the bedsore mat blowing out gas.Methods45 cases were as the control group and treated with routine nursing. 117 cases were as the test group, in them, 17 cases were tossed and turned once every 2 hours, 50 cases tossed and turned once every 4 hours and 50 cases tossed and turned once every 6 hours. The patients of the test group were nursed with the bedsore mat blowing out gas as well as routine nursing. The rates of bedsore of two groups were compared.ResultsThe bedsore rate of the control group was 4.44%, 2 hours group was 0%, 4 hours group was 4% and 6 hours group was 22%; there was no significant difference among the control group, 2 hours group and 4 hours group, but there was a significant difference between 2 hours group, 4 hours group and 6 hours group (P<0.01).Conclusion4 hours is suitable for the stuporous patients to toss and turn while using the bedsore mat blowing out gas.

EFFECTS OF THE TURNING POINTS OF DECREASING SKIN TEMPERATURE ON THE THRESHOLD FORCE OF MOTOR UNITS DURING SLOW RAMP CONTRACTION / 体力科学

The present study examined the recruitment threshold of motor units (MUs) and the cold reflex activation of the cutaneous receptors at the first turning point (TP1) and the second turning point (TP2) of decreasing skin temperature. The skin temperatures of the biceps brachii were continuously reduced using a cooling chamber fixed at -10°C. TP1 and TP2 appeared at 25.5±0.5°C and 18.5±2.21°C, respectively. The data were collected at±1°C of TP1 and TP2 (TP1-B, TP1-A, TP2-B and TP2-A) . The MUs was collected during a slow ramp contraction for 3 sec to 20% maximal voluntary contraction (20%MVC) at the each measure points (TE) . The rates of decrease in skin temperature were 1.242±0.349°C min at slope-1 (TP1-B), 0.627±0.284°C rain at slope-2 (TP1-A and TP2-B), and 0.201±0.045°C/min at slope-3 (TP2-A) . The difference of the threshold force value (ΔTF= TE-control value) of LT-MUs were positive value, on the other hand, ΔF of HT-MUs were negative value at TP1-B, TP1-A, TP2-B and TP2-A. The changes of ΔTF of LT-MUs were a little at TP1-B, TP1-A, TP2-B, and increased markedly more at TP2-A than at TP1-B (p<0.05) . On the other hand, the ΔTF of HT-MUs decreased significantly more at TP1-B than at TP1-A and TP2-B (p<0.05), however, it did not significantly differ at TP2-A. These results suggested that the threshold force of HT-MUs depend on skin temperature and LT-MUs depend on decrease speed of skin temperature.

Application of Fussy-PID Control in Freeze-Drier / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To improve the freeze-dryer shelf temperature control effect.Methods The fuzzy-PID control algorithm that's adjusting the PID parameters in real-time in the control process,was adopted to control the shelf temperature,expecting to adapt the changing of process parameters of shelf.Results In the process of freeze-drying temperature control shelves,the shelf temperature static performance and dynamic performance were improved,and the effect of shelf temperature control was archived satisfyingly.Conclusion In the freeze-drying process,the process parameters of shelf are changed along with the drying time and the working environment.The conventional PID control is difficult to obtain satisfactory results.The fuzzy-PID controller,which can adjust PID parameters on real-time in the controlling process,be used in the shelf temperature control,and the result is satisfied.

EFFECTS OF ?-FLUOROMETHYLHISTIDINE,AN IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITOR OF HISTIDINE DECARBOXYLASE,ON TURNING BEHAVIOR AND DOPANERGIC AND HISTAMINERGIC NEURONS IN 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE-LESIONED RATS / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the role of endogenous histamine in Parkinson disease. Methods 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were prepared by the conventional mothod,and in the meantime a group of rats were administrated with ?-fluoromethylhistidine(?-FMH),an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase(HDC),via intracerebroventricular injection(12.5 ?g or 25 ?g,i.c.v.) for seven days.On the 7 day,the apomorphine-induced turning behavior and were detected, and the immunoreactivity of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compact(SNc) and histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus(TMN) were evaluated by tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) and HDC immunohistochemistry,respectively.Additionally,the level of dopamine in striatum was determined with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Results ?-FMH(25 ?g,i.c.v.) significantly reduced the turning behavior and prevented the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc,and slightly increased dopamine level in the striatum.Whereas,the immunoreactivity of histaminergic neurons in the TMN of hypothalamus in both the 6-OHDA lesioned and the ?-FMH treated rats was not changed.Conclusion Endogeneous histamine may involve in the pathological processes of PD.However,the histaminergic neurons are not involved in PD.