A Case of Acute Type B Aortic Dissection Subsequent to Asymptomatic Chronic Type A Aortic Dissection Which Was Difficult to Distinguish from Acute Type A Aortic Dissection / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

Aortic dissection presents with acute chest or back pain. However, it can be asymptomatic in the acute phase with delayed symptomatic presentation or incidental diagnosis upon chest imaging. We report a case of acute type B aortic dissection subsequent to chronic type A aortic dissection which was difficult to distinguish from acute type A aortic dissection. A 45-year-old man was admitted to a hospital with sudden back pain. An enhanced chest CT revealed a suspected acute type A aortic dissection. The patient was transferred to our hospital and we performed an emergent total arch replacement. Intraoperative findings showed that there were two entries at the origin of the brachiocephalic artery and the left subclavian artery. The ascending aorta presented wall thickening but the descending aorta did not present wall thickening. Histopathologically, the adventitia was obviously thickened with dissection findings in the tunica media. Thus it was diagnosed as acute type B aortic dissection subsequent to chronic type A aortic dissection. Great caution should be taken in asymptomatic chronic aortic dissection.

Open stented elephant trunk procedure for the repair of complicated type B dissection with an isolated left vertebralartery / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objeetive To summarize the resuhs of the surgical management of complicated type B dissection with an iso lated left vertebral artery(ILVA) using the stented elephant trunk technique.Methods Between February 2009 and September 2016,12 patients with complicated type B dissection(acute in 7 and chronic in 5) underwent the stented elephant trunk procedure under moderate circulatory arrest with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion.11 patients were males with a mean age of(50.9 ± 6.1) years(ranged 42-59 years).Preoperative limb ischaemia was obscrved in 2 patients,renal dysfunction in 1 patient.Results There was no in-hospital death.1 patient was suffered permanent hoarseness after the surgery.The cardiopulmonary bypass time was 143.1 ± 26.3 min and selective cerebral perfusion time was (27.2 ± 11.2) min.The follow-up time was 6-92 months,mean (40.9 ± 30.6) months.1 of the ischaemia of the limb patients was ameliorated after surgical stentgraft implantation,the other 1 was ameliorated after surgical stent-graft implantation combined with a bypass of the ascending aorta to the right femoral artery.No neurological deficits were observed in any patients prior to hospital discharge.2 patients underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair and total thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair respectively due to distal aortic aneurysm within the mean follow-up period.Conclusion Surgical repair of complicated type B dissection with an ILVA using the stented elephant trunk technique can obtain a satisfactory med-term clinical results.

Open stented elephant trunk procedure for the repair of complicated type B dissection with an isolated left vertebralartery / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objeetive To summarize the resuhs of the surgical management of complicated type B dissection with an iso lated left vertebral artery(ILVA) using the stented elephant trunk technique.Methods Between February 2009 and September 2016,12 patients with complicated type B dissection(acute in 7 and chronic in 5) underwent the stented elephant trunk procedure under moderate circulatory arrest with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion.11 patients were males with a mean age of(50.9 ± 6.1) years(ranged 42-59 years).Preoperative limb ischaemia was obscrved in 2 patients,renal dysfunction in 1 patient.Results There was no in-hospital death.1 patient was suffered permanent hoarseness after the surgery.The cardiopulmonary bypass time was 143.1 ± 26.3 min and selective cerebral perfusion time was (27.2 ± 11.2) min.The follow-up time was 6-92 months,mean (40.9 ± 30.6) months.1 of the ischaemia of the limb patients was ameliorated after surgical stentgraft implantation,the other 1 was ameliorated after surgical stent-graft implantation combined with a bypass of the ascending aorta to the right femoral artery.No neurological deficits were observed in any patients prior to hospital discharge.2 patients underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair and total thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair respectively due to distal aortic aneurysm within the mean follow-up period.Conclusion Surgical repair of complicated type B dissection with an ILVA using the stented elephant trunk technique can obtain a satisfactory med-term clinical results.

Arcos aórticos torácicos agudos y cuellos cortos: es irremediable el endoleak tipo 1 proximal en un implante endoprotésico? / Arcos aórticos torácicos agudos e colos curtos. é irremediável o endoleaks tipo 1 proximal em um implante endoprotésico? / Acute thoracic aortic arches and short neck: it is inevitable the type 1 endoleak in an endoprosthetic implant?

Introducción: La clasificación de los ángulos aórticos (entre el cayado y la aorta descendente) incluye 3 tipos, en donde el 3 (arco gótico) es el más angulado y el que mayores dificultades proporciona para la correcta fijación proximal de una endoprótesis torácica. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la experiencia del Instituto Argentino de la Aorta (I.A.A.O.) en este tipo de situaciones utilizando varios recursos terapéuticos. Métodos: Sobre un total de 130 pacientes tratados por diversas patologías torácicas (aneurismas ateroscleróticos, transección aórtica traumática, disección Tipo B, úlceras aórticas, hematomas intramurales, seudoaneurismas post cirugía de coartación aórtica), en 31 pacientes (24%) fue necesaria la utilización de algún recurso para mejorar la fijación proximal, como la oclusión subclavia izquierda, el uso de stents expandibles por balón de refuerzo, y en los últimos 2 años, además, el uso de una endoprótesis especialmente diseñada para estos casos. Resultados: en todos los casos se logró un sellado adecuado a nivel proximal, debiendo en 5 ocasiones(3.84%) recurrir al uso de un stent expandible por balón, de refuerzo proximal, por persistencia de una fuga inferior. Esta combinación de dispositivos se produjo en los pacientes tratados previamente al uso de la endoprótesis especial para cuellos angulados. Discusión: El uso de dispositivos endovasculares para tratamiento de patologías torácicas diversas ha ganado el terreno de manera exponencial, siendo mucho más aceptado su uso que en el territorio abdominal, debido a la morbimortalidad que la patología torácica acarrea. Recursos como refuerzo proximal de la endoprótesis con stents expandibles por balón o la oclusión de la arteria subclavia izquierda, o ambos, han sido utilizados en esta serie para evitar el fenómeno del “pico de pájaro” que lleva al endoleak Tipo 1 y a la posibilidad de la migración distal de la endoprótesis, transformado el implante en una pesadilla difícil de ...

Introdução: A classificação dos ângulos aórticos (entre o cajado e a aorta descendente) inclui 3 tipos, onde o 3º (arco gótico) é o mais angulado e proporcionando maiores dificuldades para a correta fixação proximal de uma endoprótese torácica. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar aexperiência do Instituto Argentino da Aorta (I.A.A.O.) neste tipo de situações, utilizando vários recursos terapêuticos. Métodos: Sobre um total de 130 pacientes tratados por diversas patologias torácicas (aneurismas ateroscleróticos, transecção aórtica traumática, disecção tipo B, úlceras aórticas, hematomas intramurais, pseudoaneurismas pós cirurgia de coarctação aórtica), em 31 pacientes (24%), foi necessária a utilização de algum recurso para melhorar a fixação proximal, como a oclusão subclávia esquerda, o uso de stents expansíveis por balão de reforço, e nos últimos 2 anos também, o uso de uma endoprótese especialmente desenhada para estes casos. Resultados: em todos os casos se obteve um fechamento adequado completo a nível proximal, sendo preciso, em 5 ocasiões (3.84%) recorrer ao uso de um stent expansível por balão, de reforço proximal, por persistência de uma fuga inferior. Esta combinação de dispositivos ocorreu nos pacientes tratados previamente ao uso da endoprótese especial para colos angulados. Discussão: O uso de dispositivos endovasculares para o tratamento de patologias torácicas diversas ganhou terreno de forma destacada, sendo o seu uso muito mais aceito do que no território abdominal, devido à morbimortalidade que a patologia torácica acarreta. Recursos como reforço proximal da endoprótese com stents expansíveis por balão ou a oclusão da artéria subclávia esquerda, ou ambos, foram utilizados nesta série para evitar o fenômeno do “sinal do bico”, que leva ao endoleaks tipo 1 e à possibilidade da migração distal da endoprótese, transformando oimplante em um problema difícil de resolver...

Introduction: The classification of the aortc angulations (between transverse aorta and descending aorta) include three different types. The third one (gotic arch) is the most angulated and the worst for a good endoprostheses fixation to avoid a proximal type 1 endoleak because ofthe “bird beak phenomenom” that occurs. Methods: 130 patients were treated in the I.A.A.O. because of various thoracic aortic diseases including atherosclerotic aneurysms, type B dissections, aortic trauma, aortic ulcers, post coarctation surgery false aneurysms, and in 31 (24%) of them we need to use one of the next resources, left subclavian occlusion, bare stent deployment to reinforce the proximal fixation or a new thoracic endoprostheses specially designed for this kind of angles. Results: all patients were successfully treated, but in 5 of them (3.84%) a balloon expandable stent was deployed to strengthen the proximal fixation. This combination was used previously to the availability of the new endoprostheses (TX2 Prof Form). Conclusions: the use of the mentioned resources to improve the proximal landing zone allowed us to successfully treat pathologies that were located near or over the left subclavian artery.