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Ultrasound examination has the advantages of non-radiation, non-invasive, low cost and high efficiency, and is the most commonly used method of liver imaging examination. In recent years, the application of computer vision technology to the intelligent analysis of ultrasound images has become a research hotspot in the field of intelligent healthcare. Through large-scale data training, the intelligent analysis model of ultrasound omics based on machine learning algorithm can assist clinical diagnosis and therapy, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis. Based on the literature, the authors summarize the application proprect of computer vision technology assisted ultrasonography in the evaluation of diffuse liver lesions, focal liver lesions, microvascular invasion of liver cancer, postoperative recurrence of liver cancer, and postoperative therapy response to trans-catheter arterial chemoembolization.
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Introduction: The congenital malformation constitutes one of the major causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The incidence mentioned in various studies is 0.8 to 5%, approximately 1:150 live births Objective: To find out incidence of fetal congenital anomalies by antenatal Ultrasonic evaluation Methods: In the present study pregnant women were screened by routine obstetric ultrasound. Results: In the present series 6125 pregnant women were scanned by obstetric ultrasound out of which 50 fetuses were found to have congenital malformations Conclusion: Ultra sound is born to obstetrics, for its simple noninvasive procedure, easy acceptability to all. With the ultrasound imaging, it is now possible to make an intrauterine diagnosis of many fetal anomalies. Important things to an accurate antenatal diagnosis are careful scanning of the fetus and knowledge of the abnormalities that may be associated with a particular anomaly.
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Background: Intrauterine growth restriction remains a leading contributor to perinatal mortality and morbidity. There is no cure, management is reliant on a structured antenatal surveillance program with timely intervention. Recent advances in ultrasound and Doppler have elucidated several mechanisms of evolution of disease and prediction of threat of intrauterine hypoxia and acidaemia well in advance of other surveillance tests. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted in 110 high risk pregnant women attending OPD, admitted in antenatal wards and labor room at Government General Hospital, Siddipet, over a period of 2 years from October-2016 to September 2018; Ultrasound examination was done for interval growth, AFI, placental pathology. Fetal well-being was assessed with Doppler studies of UA and MCA, daily fetal movement count, NST, BPP. Results: In the present study, PIH was found to be the commonest (50.9%) cause of IUGR. Abnormal Doppler Indices in Umbilical and MCA correlated statistically with lower birth weight, higher rates of caesarean delivery, oligohydramnios, lower Apgar scores, perinatal death, and higher admissions to NICU. AEDF/REDF was associated with highest perinatal loss, poor perinatal outcome. Cerebroplacental ratio < 1 (C/U<1) had 100% specificity and 100% PPV. Conclusion: Doppler technology enables a better understanding of the hemodynamic changes in the fetus. It can help in identifying the changes in the fetal circulation well in advance of other surveillance tests, thus identify the truly hypoxic fetus. Interval changes in Doppler indices are useful in determining monitoring frequencies and optional time for delivery.
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Objective:To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L. (Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity.Methods:Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/ volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR (ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods.Results:In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis.Conclusions:It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.
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Objective: To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L. (Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR (ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods. Results: In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.
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Objectives: To assess the comparative as well as collective role of various grey scale (GS) ultrasonography (USG) and color doppler (CD) parameters in distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules. To suggest a scoring system for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules using this array of parameters. Methods: 140 patients with non palpable thyroid nodules were examined by five GS USG and three CD parameters. The results were compared with histopathological examination and evaluated statistically. Each GS and CD parameter was evaluated individually as well as collectively, comparatively. Total score was calculated by assigning each of these eight parameters a score of 0 to 2. Results: Scoring used in this study showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy of 87.5%, 90.6%, 70%, 96.7% and 80% respectively. These parameters were 85.4%, 86.2%, 60%, 96%, 80% for CD and 69.2%, 71.9%, 50%, 85.2% and 64% for GS. Two GS USG features showing p value < 0.05 were poorly defined margins and thick incomplete halo while on CD Resistivity index (RI) was found to be very highly significant (p < 0.0001) and Pulsatility index (PI) was highly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Scoring system proposed in this study proved better than GS or CD individually for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules. Amongst various GS and CD parameters RI showed highest statistical significance. Overall CD showed better accuracy, sensitivity, specificity than GS USG.
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Objective To compare the embryo development and pregnancy outcomes of patients by using two different 17?gauge aspiration needles in transvaginal ultra?sound guided oocyte retrieval. Methods A retrospective study was performed to analysis the embryo development and pregnancy outcomes of patients by using different oocytes aspiration needle:import needle(group A)and domestic needle(group B),including puncture follicles,oocytes rate,cleavage,available embryos,high?quality embryo,the total fertility rate,bleeding, moderately severe OHSS incidence,pregnancy rate,embryo implantation rate and abortion rate,etc. Results There was no significant statistical difference in the two different ovum aspiration needles. Conclusion The embryo development and pregnancy outcomes were similar with both needles. Each needle has its advantages and flaws in transvaginal ultra?sound guided oocyte retrieval ,and we should make a comprehensive choice weighing the practical situation of patients,cost,effectiveness and the doctors' preferences.
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Objective To compare the anesthetic effect of ultra-sound guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Methods For 80 patients in our hospital scheduled for percutaneous nephrolithotomy were randomly divided into two groups with 40 cases each.The patients in group GT were given ultra-sound guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block.And the patients in group G were given combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.Observe and compare the aesthesia effects,the hemodynamic changes during body change in perioperative period,adverse reactions after surgery and complications of two groups.Results Anesthetic effects were not significantly different between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).During body change in perioperative period,the MAP and HR of G group were significantly lower than those of GT group.They had significantly difference (P ＜ 0.05).The adverse reactions after surgery and complications of two group were significantly different between two groups(P ＜0.05).The number of patients who have headache and urinary retention are apparently more group G than in group GT.Conclusion Ultra-sound guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block for percutaneous nephrolithotomy has significant anesthetic effect.Hemodynamics is stable during body change in perioperative period.And there is less complications after surgery.
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Objective To compare positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)vs.endobronchial ultra-sound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)in evaluating lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.Methods We col-lected 79 NSCLC patients with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes(diameter >1 cm by CT).The diagnostic values of PET/CT scanning and EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal staging were evaluated.Subgroup analysis according to histologic type was per-formed.Results There were 22 patients of N1 stage and 28 patients of N2 in these 79 cases.In the N1 patients,PET/CT's sen-sitivity and specificity was 59.1% and 75.4%,respectively.EBUS-TBNA's sensitivity and specificity was 86.4% and 100.0%,respectively.In the N2 patients,PET/CT's sensitivity and specificity was 67.9% and 76.5% and EBUS-TBNA's sensitivity and specificity was 89.3% and 100.0%.Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is more accurate than PET/CT in evaluating the metastatic condition of patients,and EBUS-TBNA can also benefit PET/CT(-)patients with adenocarcinoma.
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Objective To observe and analyze the clinical values of ultrasonic and electromyography exami-nation in lumbosacral nerve root lesions and peripheral neuropathy of lower extremity.Methods The prospective clinical study was performed.A total of 32 cases of suspected lumbosacral nerve root disease were recruited.All patients underwent ultrasound and electromyography examination to eliminate peripheral neuropathy;a total of 15 cases of suspected peripheral neuropathy patients were recruited to eliminate lumbosacral nerve root lesions.Results Among 32 cases of lumbosacral nerve root lesions,neuromuscular electrical diagram screening found 4 cases of periph-eral neuropathy(12.5%),and ultrasound screening found 5 cases of peripheral neuropathy(15.6%).There was no significant difference between the two groups(P >0.05).Among 15 cases of peripheral neuropathy,neuromuscular electrical diagram screening found 3 cases of lumbosacral nerve root lesions(20.0%),and ultrasound screening found 0 case of lumbosacral nerve root lesions.There was no significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =6.47,P <0.05).Conclusion Neuromuscular electrical diagram inspection and ultrasonic inspection in the lumbosacral nerve root lesions in the differential diagnosis of lower limb peripheral neuropathy has certain clinical values.Detection rate regarding lower limb peripheral neuropathy has no significant difference between the two methods.
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Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of ultrasonography guidance percutaneous nephrolithot-omyⅠ period combining pneumatic ultrasosonic and holmium laser lithotrips of complex renal calculi.Methods Patients were under the general anesthesia in lithotomy position.By cystoscope first to one side retrograde insertion F5 ureteral catheter,the position to prone position was changed.Under ultrasonography guidance puncture target after the success of the calyx,fascia dilator gradually expanded from F8 to F20 channel was established.Then percutaneous nephroscope combining pneumatic ultrasosonic and holmium laser lithotripsy were administrated.Results One sided single channel was 92 cases,one sided dual channel was 11 cases,one sided three -channel was 1 case.On both sides single channel was 13 cases,one side of the dual channel and other side of the single channel was 3 cases.The operation time was (72 ±24)min.Intraoperative bleeding was in 50 -150mL,with an average of 80mL,and there's no intraoper-ative blood transfusion.2 cases of postoperative had secondary bleeding,in which 1 case remitted after non -operative treatment,the other case was treated in DSA downward super selective renal artery embolization to stop the bleeding. Postoperative hospital stay was 7 -14d,with an average of 10d.There were no septic shock,water uptake,water intoxi-cationand complications such as pleural effusion.One week after the CT,stones free rate was 91.7%(110 /120),in which 10 cases of residual stone with diameter <5mm,needn't surgery removed again.They were treated with oral platoon stone drugs,drinking lots of water and a moderate amount of sports such as processing.All cases were followed up for 6 months to 18 months,with no urinary tract infection,stone recurrence and the long -term complications such as perinephric space effusion.Conclusion As long as establish proper percutaneous renal channel,with intraoperative operating norms,combining pneumatic ultrasosonic and holmium laser,ultrasonography guidance percutaneous nephro-lithotomy Ⅰ period clear renal calculi is completely can be done.And it can shorten operation time,and has clear renal calculi with high efficiency,small trauma and less long -term complications.It is safe and effective,and worthy of clinical popularization and application.
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The study is aimed to isolate of polyprenols from grape Vitis vinifera L. leaves by different methods and to determine of polyprenol content of plant leaves growing in various regions of Uzbekistan. Study Design: Isolation of polyprenols. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances (ICPS). The study was carried out between January, 2011 and December, 2012. Methodology: We have studied isolation of polyprenols of grape leaves by using of simple, microwave and ultra sound extraction. Spectral, HPLC and HPTLC methods have used. Results: It was determined that leaves polyprenols are in type polyprenyl homologues with 10-13 isoprene units where undecaprenol and dodecaprenol were dominant. Extraction carried out of grape leaves in various conditions (usual, microwave, ultrasound). Ethanol was high effective for microwave and ultrasound extraction. It was observed forming of polyprenol and high aliphatic alcohols esters (probably proceeding particularly esterification of polyprenols and aliphatic alcohols by organic acids which contain in extracts). Conclusion: It was determined that extraction of grape leaves by alcohol in microwave and ultra sound stirring are high effective methods for isolation of polyprenols.
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OBJETIVO: Fazer uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito dos efeitos dos principais recursos eletrofísicos utilizados na aceleração do metabolismo ósseo e no tratamento da osteoporose. ANTECEDENTES: A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) define a osteoporose como doença esquelética sistêmica caracterizada por diminuição da massa óssea e deterioração microarquitetural do tecido ósseo, com consequente aumento da fragilidade óssea e susceptibilidade à fratura. Vários tratamentos medicamentosos e não medicamentosos vêm sendo desenvolvidos na tentativa de aumentar a massa óssea e prevenir a osteoporose. Dentro desse contexto, os recursos eletrofísicos vêm tendo um papel de destaque, como recursos que apresentam um potencial osteogênico, capazes de estimular a proliferação de osteoblastos e biomodular o metabolismo ósseo. ESTRATÉGIA DE PESQUISA: Foram consultadas as bases de dados: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, SciELO, referências dos artigos identificados, e contato com especialisas em laser, entre os anos de 1983 e 2009. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEÇÃO: Foram incluídos estudos experimentais e ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliaram os efeitos dos recursos eletrofísicos na osteoporose. RECOMPILAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DE DADOS: Dois revisores selecionaram independentemente os estudos, avaliaram sua qualidade metodológica dos estudos e coletaram os dados. RESULTADOS: Todos os recursos eletrofísicos citados neste artigo se mostraram eficazes na estimulação do metabolismo ósseo. No entanto, a grande maioria dos estudos realizados evidenciam esses efeitos através de estudos in vitro e estudos experimentais com cobaias. Cabe ressaltar que trabalhos como esses são raros em seres humanos. Baseado nos achados desta revisão pode ser sugerido que os recursos eletrofísicios como o laser terapêutico, o ultrassom, campos eletromagnéticos e plataformas vibratórias são recursos que tem um potencial osteogênico entretanto mais estudos são necessários para definir os efeitos dos mesmos em humanos, bem como, protocolos mais eficazes de tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A partir deste levantamento bibliográfico, fica evidente que os recursos eletrofísicos apresentam um grande potencial osteogênico, porém, a maior parte dos estudos é in vitro. São necessários mais estudos in vivo, definindo, assim, melhores parâmetros e doses, para que sejam utilizados no tratamento da osteoporose.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article was to provide a literature review regarding the impact of the main eletrophysical resources used on the acceleration of bone metabolism and on the osteoporosis treatment. DEFINITION: The OMS defines osteoporosis as a Sistemic esqueletical disease characterized for diminished bone mass and for deterioration of the bone mass microarchitecture, increasing the bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Many drug or non-drug treatments are being developed as an attempt to increase the bone mass, and prevent osteoporosis. Within this context, the eletrophysical resources is having a prominence paper, as a resource which presents a osteogenic potencial, capable of stimulating the proliferation of osteoblasts and biomodulate the bone metabolism. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: The data base consulted were: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, SciELO, references of indentified articles and contact with laser's especialists, between 1983 and 2009. SELECTION CRITERIA: Were included experimental study and randomized clinical tests on the effects of eletrophysical resources on osteoporosis. RECOMPILATION AND DATA ANALISIS: Two reviewers independently selected the studies, assessed their methodological quality and collected the data. RESULTS: All the eletrophysical resources quoted on this article were effective in stimulation of bone metabolism. However, most of the studies show these effects through in vitro studies and experimental studies with animals. It is important to say that experiments like these are rare in human beings. Based on the findings of this review, it may be suggested that the eletrophysical resources like lasertherapy, ultra-sound, electromagnetic fields and vibration are resources that has osteogenic potencial, but more studies are needed to define the effects of it in humans, as well as more effective treatment protocols. CONCLUSION: With this literature review it is clear that eletrophysical resources have high osteogenic potential, but most of the studies are in vitro. It is needed more studies in vivo, defining therefore, better parameters and doses to be used in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo comparar os métodos oficiais de determinação físico-química de produtos lácteos (extrato seco desengordurado, proteína, gordura e densidade) com metodologia de ultra-som. Foram analisados diferentes leites (integral e desnatado, convencional e orgânico), leites fermentados comerciais, bases lácteas para leites fermentados e soro de queijo, totalizando vinte produtos lácteos de características diferentes. O método por ultra-som é rápido e os resultados obtidos correlacionam-se àqueles das análises oficiais. Entretanto, é necessário o emprego de um perfil específico através da calibração do equipamento com base nas informações das análises oficiais. Os resultados deste trabalho exploratório sugerem a necessidade de se realizar um estudo com grande número de amostras a fim de validar as conclusões obtidas. As evidências descritas neste artigo são importantes para a indústria brasileira de produtos lácteos.
The present paper aims to compare the official methods of physical-chemical determination of dairy products (defatted dry matter, protein, fat and density) with methodology using ultra-sound. Different products were analyzed: milks (integral and skimmed conventional and organic), commercial fermented milks and dairy milk bases prepared in laboratory and whey totalizing twenty dairy products of different characteristics. The method using ultra-sound is fast and the results are correlated with those of the official analyses. However, the operator of the equipment should be attentive to employ a specific profile of the equipment according to the analysis to be carried out and, to calibrate the equipment based in the information obtained by the official analyses. The results of this exploratory article suggest the need to perform a study with a great number of samples in order to validate the obtained conclusions. The evidences described in this article are important for the Brazilian industry of dairy products.
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Food Composition , Food Quality , Yogurt/analysis , Dairy Products/analysis , Milk , UltrasonicsABSTRACT
Os aparelhos repelentes de mosquitos Anti-Pic®, Mosquito Repeller® DX-600 e Bye-Bye Mosquito® foram avaliados em caixas de experimentação expondo-se a mão humana a adultos de Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Foram realizados dois conjuntos de experimentos baseados em exposições por 15 min. No primeiro, ambas mãos foram introduzidas na caixa, estando uma delas com o aparelho ligado. No segundo foi introduzida uma mão de cada vez, segurando o aparelho, ligado ou não. Os aparelhos falharam em mostrar eficiência em ambas as avaliações. Uma aparente proteção de 30,3 por cento pelo Anti-Pic® no primeiro conjunto de experimentos não foi confirmada no conjunto seguinte. Discute-se o valor desse recurso na prevenção da dengue.
The mosquito-repelling devices Anti-Pic®, Mosquito Repeller® DX-600 and Bye-Bye Mosquito® were evaluated in boxes for experimentation by exposing human hands to Aedes albopictus (Skuse) adults. Two sets of tests were performed based on 15 min. expositions. In the first set both hands were introduced in the box, one of them holding the device on. In the second set only one hand was introduced each time, holdind the device on or off. The devices failed to show efficiency in both evaluations. A seemingly 30.3 percent repellency due to Anti-Pic® in the first set of experiments was not confirmed in the second set. It was discussed the value of such devices for dengue prevention.