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0.05).CONCLUSION: 2-VST of ABUS achieved comparable scan coverage and diagnostic performance to that of conventional 3-VST in women with small breasts.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Sensitivity and Specificity , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objective To describe the regional and population-related differences in calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD) across ten regions of China.Methods Based on the results from the second Re-survey of China Kadoorie Biobank project,in which 5％ of the surviving participants were interviewed during 2013-2014 and 24 677 participants aged 38-87 years were included in the study.We excluded those people with missing data for BMD and important variables.Calcaneus BMD was measured using the quantitative ultrasound bone densitometer.We analyzed four indexes,including broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA),speed of sound (SOS),stiffness index (SI),and T score.Results The average calcaneus BMDs of the present population were:BUA (109.7 ± 12.6) dB/MHz,SOS (1 554.7 ± 45.6) m/s,SI (88.3 ± 18.8),T score (-0.74 ± 1.28).Urban residents showed higher calcaneus BMD,so as in men.The calcaneus BMD decreased by age,with a larger decline seen in women.Current smokers and postmenopausal women presented lower calcaneus BMD,while in those who frequently drank milk or yogurt or being physically more active,had higher calcaneus BMD.Conclusion Calcaneus BMD varied greatly among people from the ten regions of CKB study and among participants having different demographic characteristics,lifestyle behaviors or health conditions.
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Objective To describe the regional and population-related differences in calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD) across ten regions of China.Methods Based on the results from the second Re-survey of China Kadoorie Biobank project,in which 5％ of the surviving participants were interviewed during 2013-2014 and 24 677 participants aged 38-87 years were included in the study.We excluded those people with missing data for BMD and important variables.Calcaneus BMD was measured using the quantitative ultrasound bone densitometer.We analyzed four indexes,including broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA),speed of sound (SOS),stiffness index (SI),and T score.Results The average calcaneus BMDs of the present population were:BUA (109.7 ± 12.6) dB/MHz,SOS (1 554.7 ± 45.6) m/s,SI (88.3 ± 18.8),T score (-0.74 ± 1.28).Urban residents showed higher calcaneus BMD,so as in men.The calcaneus BMD decreased by age,with a larger decline seen in women.Current smokers and postmenopausal women presented lower calcaneus BMD,while in those who frequently drank milk or yogurt or being physically more active,had higher calcaneus BMD.Conclusion Calcaneus BMD varied greatly among people from the ten regions of CKB study and among participants having different demographic characteristics,lifestyle behaviors or health conditions.
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Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a newly emerging imaging modality for preclinical and clinical applications. The conventional PAI systems use Q-switched Nd:YAG/OPO (Optical Parametric Oscillator) nanosecond lasers as excitation sources. Such lasers are expensive, bulky, and imaging speed is limited because of low pulse repetition rate. In recent years, the semiconductor laser technology has advanced to generate high-repetitions rate near-infrared pulsed lasers diodes (PLDs) which are reliable, less-expensive, hand-held, and light-weight, about 200 g. In this article, we review the development and demonstration of PLD based PAI systems for preclinical and clinical applications reported in recent years.
Subject(s)
Lasers, SemiconductorABSTRACT
Objective:To compare the clinical utility of mammography with automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) for detecting breast lesions. Methods:Data of 142 patients with 149 breast lesions who underwent both mammography and ABUS in Tianjin Medi-cal University Cancer Institute and Hospital were collected from Jnly 2016 to September 2016. The detection rates of the two methods were then determined. Results:The overall detection rate using ABUS was significantly higher than that of mammography (mammog-raphy: 87.2% vs. ABUS: 98.0%, P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in breast cancer detection rates between mammography and ABUS (mammography:91.1%vs. ABUS:97.0%, P<0.05). Moreover, the benign lesion detection rate was significant-ly higher in ABUS than in mammography (mammography:79.2%, vs. ABUS:100%, P<0.05). In dense breasts, the detection rates of overall lesions, breast cancers, and benign lesions for ABUS were 97.7%, 96.5%, and 100.0%, respectively;whereas those for mammog-raphy were 86.0%, 90.6%, and 77.3%, respectively (P<0.05). Owing to overlapping dense breast tissue and deep anatomic location, sev-eral lesions were missed on mammography. Conversely, most lesions missed on ABUS presented as calcifications. Conclusion:Com-pared with mammography, ABUS can detect more lesions especially in dense breasts. However, ABUS failed to detect calcifications, whereas mammography had distinct advantages in this regard. Overall, the two methods had potential supplementary value for breast cancer screening.