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Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of the most active extracts from Ulva lactuca and Laurencia obtusa against colon and cervical cancer cell lines. Methods: The antioxidant radical scavenging activity of the algal extracts was estimated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl colorimetric assay. Moreover, the cytotoxic potential of these bioactive extracts was studied against HCT-116 and HeLa cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Wound healing analysis was adopted to evaluate the anti-metastatic effects of protein extracts from both algae. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry, and apoptotic bodies were detected using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole fluorescent staining. Amino acids of hydrolyzed protein extract were separated and identified chromatographically by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The green algae Ulva lactuca had higher lipid content than Laurencia obtusa, whereas the latter had higher protein content with high antioxidant capacity. Protein extracts had significant dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity and anti-metastatic activity against HCT-116 cells. Protein b extracts of both algae obtained from the chloroform:hexane solvent lipid-free residue caused morphological changes and induced apoptosis of HCT-116 cells. Further analysis revealed that apoptosis induced upon Laurencia obtusa protein b treatment was triggered via the ROS pathway, causing a significant increase in the sub-G
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The development of resistance by pathogenic microorganisms to synthetic antibiotics encouraged researchers to find novel drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases. This opened new avenues to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of active extracts/constituents from plant endophytes. In the present study, we have isolated endophytic bacteria (ULB-I, II and III) from green algae Ulva lactuca Linn. and the same bacteria were used for fermentation and extraction. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of ULB-I, II and III were prepared and screened for in-vitro antimicrobial activities and also against Kleibesella pnumoniae infected mice in-vivo. In-vitro anti-microbial activities of ULB-I, II and III were performed against pathogenic bacteria, fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 RV strain. From the phylogenetic analysis, the isolated endophytic organisms were identified as Bacillus subtilis JCM strain (ULB-I) and Enterobacter cloacae NBRC strain (ULB-II and III). ULB–I was found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus (1.6µg/ml) and Enterococcus feacalis (0.2µg/ml). The MIC against Staphylococcus aureus and Kleibesella pnumoniae was found to be 0.4µg/ml for ULB-II. A significant anti-fungal activity was observed against Aspergillus flavus (0.2-3.2µg/ml) and Aspergillus niger (0.2-0.4µg/ml). Further, Chloroform fraction of ULB-II and ethyl acetate fraction of ULB-III have shown significant anti-tubercular activity against the tested organism with MIC of 6.25µg/ml. This was supported by in-vivo antimicrobial activity against K. pneumoniae infection in mice and least hemolytic activity against erythrocytes was observed. HPTLC analysis of above fractions further confirmed the presence of polyvalent secondary metabolites.
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Studies on natural and anthropogenic radioactivity assume greater importance in the context of human health and development. Hence two species of seaweeds viz: Gracilaria edulis and Ulva lactuca, from three high background radiation areas (Arockiapuram, Kadiapattinam and Kurumpanai) on the southwest coast of Tamil Nadu, and Mandapam as low background radiation area of the southeast coast of Tamil Nadu were studied for variations in activity concentration of 228 Ra, 40 K, 238 U and 228 Th. Among these radionuclides, 40K recorded significant inter-species variation while 238 U and 228 Th showed significant association. The overall mean concentration of radionuclides was found high in G.edulis (5.31, 57.49, 36.05, 356.55 Bq kg-1 for 228 Ra, 40K, 238U, 228 Th respectively), while the mean concentrations for U.lactuca were 4.88, 42.35, 34.40, 347.70 Bqkg-1 for 228 Ra, 40K, 238U, 228 Th respectively. The mean concentration of radionuclides was uniformly found low during northeast monsoon season in both the seaweed species.
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Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of Sargassum wightii (S. wightii) andUlva lactuca (U. lactuca). Methods: Dried seaweeds of S. wightii and U. lactuca were tested for total phenolic content. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Functional groups of two seaweeds were analysed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: The highest total phenolic content was observed in S. wightii (0.65±0.02 mg GAE/g) when compared with U. lactuca. In vitro antioxidant activity of S. wightii showed higher activity in all assays than U. lactuca with the higher total antioxidant activity (123.40±4.00 mg ascorbic acid/g), DPPH radical scavenging activity (108.06±1.02)% and ferric reducing antioxidant power (153.40±1.41 mg GAE/g). FITR spectrum of standard gallic acid was compared with seaweeds and same number of peaks lying between 449.32 and 3 495.89 cm-1 and 462.89 and 3 407.05 cm-1 was recorded. Conclusions: These results show that S. wightii has higher antioxidant capacity than U. lactuca. Further study is necessary to exploit the multifunctional properties of seaweeds which will be usefull to treat many diseases.
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Anti-inflammatory drugs presently available for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders have diverse and undesirable side effects. In recent years; active principles of varied chemical structures have been isolated from plants possessing anti-inflammatory activity. Sulfated polysaccharides present in algae were shown to posses anti-inflammatory properties. Ulva lactuca the green alga available in Tuticorin coast was found to show anti-inflammatory effect as evidenced by the reduction in the inhibition of oedema at the 4th day of the experiment compared with the positive control drug and control. Microscopic examination of the elite organs did not show any alteration compared with the control and reference group. Moreover, the hematological parameters were found normal compared with the control. The present study suggests the need for further studies for the development of anti-inflammatory drug of marine origin with proper clinical trials.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the separation and purification of polysaccharides sulfate from Ulva lactuca,and to analyze its structure.METHODS:The separation and purification method of polysaccharides sulfate from U.lactuca was optimized.The content of polysaccharides in polysaccharides sulfate was determined by phenyl-sulfuric acid method.The molecular amount of polysaccharides was determined by HPGC.The structure of polysaccharides was analyzed by IR and 13C-NMR.RESULTS:The optimal extraction condition of polysaccharides sulfate from U.lactuca were crashed materials 20 mesh sieve,20-fold water,decocting 3 times at 85 ℃,2 hours each time.The content of polysaccharides was 22.64% and molecular amount was 1 156 112.Soluble polysaccharides mainly contained ?-glucuronic acid,rhamnose and plenty of sulfate radical.CONCLUSION:The method is simple and stable,which provides theoretic basis for production of polysaccharides sulfate from U.lactuca.